Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of α1-adrenergic blockers for treating young men with primary bladder neck obstruction (PBNO). Methods A retrospective review was done of the presenting symptoms and videourodynamic findings of 22 young men younger than 35 years with PBNO. Mean age was 28 years (range 18 to 35). The presenting symptoms were hesitancy in 21 (95%), weak stream in 17(77%), frequency in 16(73%), urgency in 8(36%) and pelvic pain in 6 (27%). Mean symptom duration was 28(3-62)months. A dose of 4 mg Doxazosion was adminis-tered for at least 6 months. International prostate symptom score(IPSS), Quality of life(QOL), uro-flowmetry, post-void residual urine and blood pressure were assessed before and 6 months after medi-cation. Improved urine flow was defined as at least 3 ml. per second increase in the maximum flow rate. Improved symptom was defined as more than a 40% decrease in IPSS. Successful treatment was defined as improved in urine flow and symptoms. Results Follow-up data were available for 21 of 22 patients. The medication period was 8.7±2.5 months and follow-up duration was 12.3±4.9 months. Mean Ⅰ-PSS decreased from 16.9±3.7 to 10.7±4.5. Mean QOL decreased from 4.3±1.2 to 2.5±1.0. Mean maximum flow rate increased from (9.8±3.5)ml to (14.9±3.6)ml. per second. Mean post-void residual urine decreased from (78.2±35.6)ml to (46.5±19.4)ml. There were significant differences(P<0.01). Treatment was successful in 14 patients (67%). Drug tolerability was good. Mean blood pressure was (110.0±7.9)/ (75.0±5.9)mm Hg and (107.0±8.7)/(72.0±7.1)mm Hg before medicine therapy and after 6 months medication(P>0.05). Conclusions Videourody-namics is the diagnostic gold standard of PBNO. In our experience α1-adrenergic blockers are clinically effective therapy and safety for PBNO and have been well tolerated in young male patients.

Objective To explore the effects of intensive health education on psychological stress of outpatients with chronic HBV infection. Methods A convenient sample of 80 patients was selected as the subjects of the study. They were randomly allocated to the control and the intervention group with 40 patients in each group. The intervention group received intensive heath education, which was designed spe-cially by researcher, while the control group just received the routine clinic health education. Demographic Data Recording Form (DDRF) and the Perceived Stress Scale specific to Hepatitis B Patients (PSSH) were used to assess the intervention effect pre-treatment and 3 months after intervention. Results The scores of PSSH were high in two groups before intervention. Compared with the control group, the intensive health education decreased the score of PSSH more significantly in the intervention group. Conclusions The intensive heath education can reduce the psychological stress of the outpatients with chronic HBV infection.

Objective To evaluate the rationality of medication in Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU).Methods The medication of 46 children in PICU of the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University with the average age of (34.74 ±45.5) months during May 3, 2011 and December 5, 2011 were retrospectively analyzed.The study was conducted statistically on the basis of pharmacopoeia, medical documents and other related medical materials.Results Among 46 ca-ses, irrational drug use was found in 28 patients (60.87%).A total of 100 irrational drug using habits such as potential drug interactions and incompatibility were presented.Compatibility taboo and pDDIs top four drugs were16 cases of furosemide (16%), 12 cases of vancomycin and dexamethasone (12%), 11 cases of midazolam injection (11%), and 9 cases of Phe-nobarbital (9%).Conclusion According to the characteristics of pediatric medication, pharmacists should take advantage of drug synergy when vigilant about the side effects of multi -medication, especially paying close attention to the potential inter-action of some commonly-prescribed drugs as well as reducing the prescriptions of multi -medications in order to improve the rationality of drug use in PICU.

Objective To investigate the cognitive behavioral characteristic longitudinally of the patients after subcortical infarction engaged in feature and binding working memory tasks.Methods The behavioral performances were recorded from 28 patients after subcortical infarction at the 1 st week (W1),3 rd moth (M3) and 6th month (M6) while performing color,location,and color-location binding delayed match-to-sample working memory task.25 healthy volunteers(controls) were investigated once using the same task protocol during the study period.Computer recorded the behavior reaction time and accuracy.Single factor variant analysis of repeated measurement was adopted.Results The accuracy of three memory tasks of M3 ((64.92 ± 5.47) ％ ; (92.88 ± 2.98) ％ ;(82.35 ±7.44)％) was improved than that of W1 ((61.06 ±7.78)％; (90.59 ±2.95)％; (77.06 ±5.58) ％) and the difference had statistically significant (P ＜ 0.05).But the reaction time of M3 ((868.31 ±118.91)ms; (833.37 ± 120.99) ms; (918.72 ± 101.28) ms) was shortened than that of W1 ((914.02 ±110.53) ms; (859.89 ± 139.94) ms; (1150.17 ± 92.02) ms) and the difference also had statistically significant (P ＜ 0.05).In the location-memory task,the correct rate of M6 ((93.91 ± 2.86) ％) was improved than that of M3 ((92.88 ± 2.98) ％) and the reaction time of M6 ((813.24 ± 119.54) ms) was shortened than M3 ((833.37 ±120.99) ms).M6 and M3 to be compared in the color memory task,the correct rate ((64.50 ± 4.49) ％ ; (64.92 ± 5.47) ％) and the reaction time ((866.47 ± 123.87) ms; (868.31 ± 118.91) ms) had no significant difference (P ＜ 0.05).But in the color-location binding task,the correct rate of M6 ((78.49 ± 7.85) ％) and M3 ((82.35 ± 7.44)％) to be compared had significant decreased nearly the level ((77.06 ± 5.58)％) of the stroke beginning.All behavioral performances of patients were worse than that of control subjects except the compare result of location-memory task in M6((93.91 ± 2.86) ％ ; (813.24 ± 119.54) ms).Conclusion Feature memory and binding memory had been damaged in different degrees in the patient after subcortical infarction.The binding memory had the secondary damage what might be related to the secondary nerve fiber degeneration after infarction.

Objective To explore the imaging features on chest radiograph and CT in children with Influenza A H1N1 pneumonia. Methods The imaging data of chest radiograph and CT in six children with Influenza A H1N1 pneumonia confirmed by real-time RT-PCR assay was retrospectively analysis. All patients had chest radiograph at first examination and 4 of them re-examed. One children took CT. Results All cases showed thick lung markings with varied degrees of pulmonary infiltration and interstitial changes on chest radiograph. Among them, 3 cases showed bilateral pulmonary infiltration and 3 cases showed infiltration in left lung; enlarged hilar was observed in 3 cases. The imaging findings of the pneumonia changed quickly during the follow-up accompanied with the improvement of clinical symptoms. The only one chest CT examination showed bilateral infiltration, multiple ground-glass opacities,small subpleural nodulars, right pleural effusion and lymphadenopathy of lung hila and mediastinum. Conclusions Chest radiograph and CT revealed certain typical imaging features in the children with influenza A H1N1 pneumonia. However, the final diagnosis of influenza A H1N1 pneumonia still should be made based on epidemiology and laboratory examination.

Objective To explore the clinical application value of plasma N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) in diagnosis and treatment of symptomatic patent ductus arteriosus (sPDA) in preterm infants. Methods A total of 107 preterm infants with gestational age of 28-32 weeks and birth weight less than 1500 g who were admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit from October 2013 to September 2014 were recruited. Plasma NT-proBNP were on 4th and 7th day after birth. The echocardiography examination was performed within 30 minutes after the blood was drawn. According to the echocardiography examination on 4th day after birth, the infants were divided into the patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) group (n?=?39) and the control group (n?=?68). According to whether there were signiifcant hemodynamics changes of ultrasonography and clinical symptoms, the PDA group were classiifed into the sPDA group (n?=?20) and the asymptomatic PDA group (asPDA, n?=?19). Then according to whether ibuprofen was taken, the sPDA group was further divided into treatment group (n?=?13) and non-treatment group (n?=?7). Results On the 4th day after birth, the level of plasma NT-proBNP in the sPDA group was signiifcantly higher than that in asPDA group, and the level of plasma NT-proBNP in asPDA group was signiifcantly higher than that in the control group (P??0.05). In the treatment group, the level of plasma NT-proBNP on the 7th day after birth was signiifcantly lower than that on the 4th day after birth (P??0.05). In PDA group, the level of plasma NT-proBNP on the 4th day after birth was positively correlated with ductus arteriosus (DA) diameter, ratio of the left atrium to aortic root diameter (LA/AO ratio) and transductal diameter-to-left pulmonary artery ratio (TDD/LPA) (r?=?0.498-0.670, respectively). The area under receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve for prediction of sPDA by the plasma NT proBNP on the 4th day after birth was 0.969 (95%CI:0.938-1.000). When the NT-proBNP was 13964 pg/ml on the 4th day after birth, the sensitivity for diagnosis sPDA was 95%, the speciifcity was 95.4%. Conclusions The level of plasma NT-proBNP is signiifcantly higher in preterm infants with sPDA and is decreased after treatment. Plasma NT-proBNP on the 4th day after birth is a sensitive marker for predicting sPDA. Dynamic monitoring of plasma NT-proBNP has important clinical value in selection of the treatment strategy in preterm infants with PDA.

Objective To explore the attention bias characteristics and impacts of attention training on negative attention bias of undergraduates with sub-clinical depression.Methods The undergraduates whose BDI scores being at the top of 5％ were recruited as participations and assigned to early attention training group and late attention training group using random number table.The dot probe paradigm was used to compare the difference of depressive symptoms and ingredients of attention bias made by different processing phases of attention training.Results (1)The BDI score after the training(87.91± 12.47) was significantly lower than that the former test (97.23±17.72) (F~,32)=4.78,P＜0.05),and the attention bias score in late attention training group (-5.97±2.92) was lower than that in the early attention training group(2.77±2.75) (P＜0.05).The interaction of the stimulus materials presenting time and the measuring time was significant(F(2,64) =4.76,P＜0.05).Simple effect analysis showed that when the time of stimulus material presenting was 1 000 ms,the score of negative attention bias after the test (-4.89 ± 23.66) was significantly lower than pre-test (7.73±26.14) (F(1,33) =5.11,P＜ 0.05).In the pre-test,the negative attention bias scores of the stimulus materials presenting time for 100 ms and 1 000 ms (8.62 ± 27.60,7.73 ± 26.14) were significantly higher than that for 500 ms (-12.80±29.09)(P＜0.05).(2)When the negative disengaged score as a dependent variable,the repetitive measure analysis of variance showed that the interaction effect of the stimulus materials' presenting time and training group type was significant (F(1,32) =4.41,P＜0.05).Simple effect analysis results indicated the negative disengaged score of the late attention training group at post-test (-5.84±7.79) was significantly lower than that at pre-test (24.16±7.35) (P＜0.05).Conclusion The attention training during the late stage of the attention process can efficiently intervene the negative attention bias of undergraduates with sub-clinical depression.

Comprehensive evaluation methods are generally used to assess the population data. When we need to estimate the sample data in special situations, the impacts brought by the sampling error should be considered. Due to lack of the accurate measurement for the sensitivity and stability in the comprehensive evaluation methods, sampling errors usually cannot be estimated in the sampling research. Monte Carlo simulation was used in this article to solve the probability of the ordering results, and the matlab programs were presented. Based on the simulated results, we change the conventional “absolute conclusion” of comprehensive evaluation methods to “probability results” for the sample data, and put forward a new sorting and ranking method for the results of comprehensive evaluation.

Objective To investigate the effects of solution-focused brief therapy on self-perceived burden and quality of life in patients with stroke.methods 60 patients with stroke recruited at the department of rehabilitation of a hospital in Chengde city from January to June 2016 were divided into control group (n=30) and experimental group (n=30).Both groups received conventional nursing care and rehabilitation treatment.In addition,the experimental group received psychological intervention of solution-focused brief therapy,2-3 times a week,30-45 minutes for each time.The self-perceived burden scale(SPBS),memorial university of Newfoundland scale of happiness(MUNSH) and short from 36 health survey questionaire(SF-36) were used to assess the patients before and after intervention.Result s(1)The differences of the scores of SPBS ((39.27±5.83) vs (22.40±4.03),t=16.248,P<0.01) and MUNSH ((4.20±4.50) vs (31.10±3.66),t=-24.136,P<0.01) for the experimental group before and after the intervention were statistically significant.There were statistically significant differences in scores of SPBS ((22.40±4.03) vs (35.30±2.63),t=-14.683,P<0.01) and MUNSH ((31.10±3.66) vs (19.67±3.64),t=12.127,P<0.01) between the experimental group and control group after the intervention.(2)The scores of physiologic functioning,general health,vitality,social functioning,role-emotional and mental health for the experiment group were higher than before(t=-23.427--6.624,all P<0.01).After the intervention,the scores of physiologic functioning,general health,vitality,social functioning,role-emotional and mental health in the experiment group were higher than those in control group(t=5.705-12.806,all P<0.01).Conclusion Solution-focused brief therapy can effectively reduce the self-perceived burden of stroke patients and improve their quality of life.

Objective: To investigate the nutritional status and its influencing factors among primary and middle school students in Yunfu City, Guangdong Province, so as to provide the basis for improving nutrition and health strategies for students. Methods: Primary and middle school students from 26 schools in 5 counties (cities, districts) of Yunfu City were selected in 2022 through multi-stage stratified cluster random sampling method. Demographic information, dietary and exercise behaviors were collected using questionnaire surveys, and the prevalence of malnutrition were analyzed. Factors affecting malnutrition was evaluated using a multinomial logistic regression model. Results: A total of 7 213 students were surveyed, including 3 881 boys (53.81%) and 3 332 girls (46.19%), and had a median age of 13.50 (interquartile range, 4.00) years. There were 2 667 primary school students (36.97%), 2 662 middle school students (36.91%) and 1 884 high school students (26.12%). There were 1 938 students suffered from malnutrition, with a detection rate of 26.87%. The detection rates for undernutrition, overweight and obesity were 11.66%, 9.75% and 5.46%, respectively. Multinomial logistic regression analysis showed that gender (boy, OR=2.227, 95%CI: 1.905-2.603), studying phase (primary school, OR=1.528, 95%CI: 1.239-1.884), ≥60 min/d of moderate/high-intensity exercise (0-1 d/week, OR=1.422, 95%CI: 1.153-1.753; 2-4 d/week, OR=1.280, 95%CI: 1.047-1.564) and frequency of having physical education (1-2 classes/week, OR=1.732, 95%CI: 1.084-2.767; 3-4 classes/week, OR=1.662, 95%CI: 1.026-2.693) were the influencing factors for undernutrition; gender (boy, OR=1.956, 95%CI: 1.656-2.311), frequency of sugary beverage intake (0 time/d, OR=0.721, 95%CI: 0.528-0.984) and frequency of having physical education (0 class/week, OR=2.087, 95%CI: 1.151-3.784; 1-2 classes/week, OR=1.644, 95%CI: 1.044-2.590; 3-4 classes/week, OR=1.685, 95%CI: 1.051-2.703) were the influencing factors for overweight; gender (boy, OR=2.459, 95%CI: 1.964-3.078) was the influencing factor for obesity among students. Conclusions Undernutrition, overweight and obesity coexist in primary and middle school students in Yunfu City. Gender, school phase, frequency of sugary beverage intake and frequency of having physical education are associated with malnutrition among primary and middle school students.