Objective To explore the effective prognostic factors of patients with multiple traumas. Method During January 2003 to March 2007, totally 324 patients with multiple traumas were treated in the emergency department of Renmin Hospital, Wuhan University. The relationship between prognosis and age, visiting time after injury, injury severity score (ISS) ,main wounded part and shock degree was analyzed. The data were tested using ehi-square test and logistic regression method. Results Seventy-eight patients died and 246 patients survived, the total mortality was 24.1%. Statistical differences existed in mortalities of patients with different visiting time (visiting hospital within 1 h,16.7%; visiting hospital beyond 1h, 37.4%),ISS (16≤ISS≤24, 5.7%; 25≤ISS≤40, 19.2%; IS8>40, 41.3%) and shock degree (non-shock, 11.8%; mild shock, 13.6%; moderate shock,27.7%; severe shock,46.9% ) ( P<0.01). There were no significant difference in mortalities among patients with different age (<18, 23.8% ; 18～38, 21.7% ; 38～58, 24.2% ;>58, 32.5% ) and with various main wounded part (head, 26.0%; neck, 25.3%; chest, 27.3%; abdomen, 24.1%; limbs, spine and pelvis,16.3%), P>0.05. Logistic regression study showed that mortality increased with postponed visiting time after injury, augment of ISS and aggravation of shock degree, with the exception that there was no differenoe in mortality of patients with between non-shock and mild shock. Conclusions Visiting time after injury, ISS and shock degree were valuable progrostic predictors for multiple traumas. It's vital to follow principle of damage controlled surgery and emphasis on the timeliness and integrity of medical rescue and control shock actively to reduce mortality of patients with multiple injuries.

The paper analyzed the experiences of clinical subjects development at hospitals of Capital Medical University.On this basis,the authors raised such development suggestions as further improvement of the management systems,progressive affiliation mechanism,information platform,and better performance appraisal mechanism,for the purposes of empowering the standard and strength of clinical subjects of the hospitals.

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the regulation effects of policosanol on lowering cholesterol and its enzymatic mechanism.METHODS:The rats were randomly assigned into control group,policosanol prevention group (4.0 mg?kg-1?d-1),policosanol low-dose,medium-dose and high-dose groups (4.0 mg?kg-1?d-1,6.0 mg?kg-1?d-1,8.0 mg?kg-1?d-1),lovastatin group (positive control) and hyperlipoidemia model group.The last five groups were induced hyperlipoidemia model for 4 weeks.Blood samples were collected after 6 weeks administration (i.g.).The levels of TC,TG,LDL-C and HDL-C in the serum were determined.Body weight and liver weight were measured and hepatic index was calculated.The activity of lecithin cholesterol acyl transferase (LCAT) in serum,hepatic lipoprotein lipase (LPL) and hepatic lipase (HL) were detected.RESULTS:Policosanol remarkably decreased the levels of TC (ranged from 39.1% to 43.3%) and LDL-C (ranged from 66.6% to 80.7%) in serum and hepatic index (ranged from 11.1% to 11.8%) (P

Objective To analyze the technology competition situation in vaccine industry of Jilin Province from the visual angle of patents. Methods The Dawei Patents Database-covered patents data of vaccine industry in Jilin Province were analyzed by patent mapping, patent metrical analysis and social network analysis respectively. Re-sults The vaccine industry in Jilin Province was in a growing stage with a good development situation and a solid strength in its research institutions. Conclusion Stress should be laid on city development-driven production, pro-duction-driven city development, and optimizing industry policies for the development of vaccine industry in Jilin Province. Scientific research institutions should strengthen their collaboration in professionals, technologies, funds and markets in order to make breakthroughs in technologies and realize the economic value of patents.

AIM To explore effects of policosanol on depressing cholesterol in hyperlipidemia rats and the correlated biochemistry mechanism. METHODS The rats were randomly divided into normal control, policosanol 4 mg·kg~(-1) prevention, hyperlipidemia model, policosanol 4, 6 and 8 mg·kg~(-1) and lovastatin positive control groups. The later 5 group rats were fed with high-cholesterol diets for 4 weeks in order to make hyperlipidemia model and beginning from the 5th week, in addition to the normal control and model groups, other groups were ig given policosanol or lovastatin once a day for 6 weeks, respectively, and policosanol protection group rats were ig given with policosanol 4 mg·kg~(-1) once a day for 10 weeks, together with high-cholesterol diets everyday. Total cholesterol(TC), triglycerides (TG), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) concentrations in the serum and fecal bile acid (FBA) in the exrement were determined by auto-biochemistry analyzer. The activity of 3-hydroxy-3-methyl-glutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase in hepatocellular microsomes was detected by ultraviolet spectrophotometric analysis and activity of low density lipoprotein receptor (LDL-R) in peripheral blood lymphocyte was detected by fluorescence labelled integrator method. RESULTS Compared with hyperlipemia model group, the levels of TC decreased (39.1%-46.4%), LDL-C decreased (66.6%-80.7%), and FBA increased (9.7%-19.0%), the activity of HMG-CoA reductase decreased （13.8%-23.6%）, and activity of LDL-R increased (27.5%-129.6%) in policosanol prevention, policosanol 4, 6 and 8 mg·kg~(-1) and lovastatin groups, respectively; HDL-C increased （12.2%-16.7%） in policosanol prevention and policosanol 8 mg·kg~(-1) groups; TG decreased in lovastatin group. CONCLUSION Policosanol has significant effects on decreasing cholesterol. The decreasing cholesterol mechanism should include: ① increasing FBA excretion; ② decreasing the activity of HMG-CoA reductase; ③ increasing activity of LDL-R.

0.05). Conclusion Fluoride contents of local wheat in some areas of Chongqing exceeded standard.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the incidence and risk factors for hypertension among taxi drivers working different shifts.

METHODSUsing the cluster sampling method, 415 day-shift and 304 night-shift taxi drivers in Jinan, China were selected and investigated. The influencing factors for hypertension were analyzed.

RESULTSThe incidence of hypertension in all taxi drivers was 33.2%. The incidence of hypertension in night-shift drivers was significantly higher than that in day-shift drivers (37.8% vs 29.9%, P<0.05). According to multivariate analysis, the incidence of hypertension in day-shift drivers was closely related to body mass index (BMI), working years, working hours, sleep duration, rest days, diet quality, water intake, and smoking, while the incidence of hypertension in night-shift drivers was closely related to BMI, working years, working hours, part-time job, sleep duration, rest days, and drinking.

CONCLUSIONBMI, working years, and working hours are the common risk factors for hypertension in day-shift and night-shift drivers. Sleep duration and rest days are the common protective factors. The risk factors for hypertension in taxi drivers vary with different shifts.

Automobile Driving ; Body Mass Index ; China ; epidemiology ; Humans ; Hypertension ; epidemiology ; Incidence ; Occupational Health ; Rest ; Risk Factors ; Time Factors ; Work Schedule Tolerance

The microbial transformation of buflomedil by Cunninghamella blakesleana AS 3.153 was studied, as well as a microbial model which can be used to mimic metabolism of buflomedil in mammal was established. Experiments were conducted to screen the capabilities of four strains of Cunninghamella species to transform buflomedil, in which C. blakesleana AS 3.153 was selected for a preparative biotransformation. Furthermore, the microbial model was established based on the transformation condition optimization. The parent drug and its metabolites produced by C. blakesleana AS 3.153 were detected by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry method and three metabolites were identified while two of them were new found metabolites. Two major metabolites, para-O-desmethyl buflomedil and 12-C-oxidated buflomedil, were isolated by semi-preparative HPLC. Based on the comparison between different species, the microbial transformation of buflomedil by C. blakesleana AS 3.153 is more similar to the metabolism of buflomedil in human and Beagle dog than that in rat.

ObjectiveTo examine whether Shenfu injection (SFI) reduces post-resuscitation myocardial dysfunction in a pig model by modulating expression imbalance of transcription factors of regulatory T cell, namely GATA-3 and T-bet.Methods Thirty pigs were randomly divided into sham group (n = 6) and cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) group (n = 24) according to the random number table method, and the pigs in the CPR group were randomly subdivided into normal saline (NS) group, epinephrine (EP) group, and SFI group (n = 8 per group). After 8minutes of untreated ventricular fibrillation (VF) followed by 2 minutes of CPR, animals in three groups respectively received central venous injection of either 20 mL SFI (1.0 mL/kg, SFI group), EP (0.02 mg/kg, EP group) or NS (NS group). Blood samples were obtained before VF and 0.5, 2, 6 hours after restoration of spontaneous circulation (ROSC), and the parameters of hemodynamics and oxygen metabolism were determined. Surviving pigs were sacrificed at 24 hours after ROSC, the pathological changes in myocardium were observed, the levels of interleukin-4 (IL-4), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) andγ-interferon (IFN-γ) were measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and expressions of protein and mRNA of GATA-3 and T-bet were determined by Western Blot and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), respectively.Results Six pigs of three resuscitation groups were successfully resuscitated. The CPR time, number of defibrillation, defibrillation energy, and ROSC time were significantly decreased in the EP and SFI groups compared with those in the NS group. Compared with the sham group, the parameters of left ventricular systolic function and oxygen metabolism were significantly decreased, myofibril organelles were extensively damaged, and progressive and severe deterioration of the myocardium was found, and mitochondrial structure was not recognizable in the NS group; the level of IL-4 in myocardium were markedly decreased, while that of TNF-α, IFN-γand IFN-γ/ IL-4 [reflecting helper T cell 1/2 (Th1/Th2)] were significantly increased. Protein and mRNA expressions of GATA-3 were markedly reduced in the myocardium of pigs in the NS group compared with that of the sham group at 24 hours after ROSC, while T-bet was significantly increased. Compared with the NS group, animals treated with SFI had minimal myocardial intracellular damage, with decreased heart rate (HR, bpm: 90.33±3.79 vs. 106.83±5.36) and increased mean arterial pressure (MAP), cardiac output (CO), oxygen delivery (DO2), and oxygen consumption (VO2) at 6 hours after ROSC [MAP (mmHg, 1 mmHg = 0.133 kPa): 107.67±1.96 vs. 86.83±1.85, CO (L/min): 2.47±0.08 vs. 2.09±0.04, DO2 (mL/min): 364.31±4.21 vs. 272.33±3.29, VO2 (mL/min): 95.00±2.22 vs. 82.50±2.28, allP<0.05]. Compared with the NS groups at 24 hours after ROSC, level of IL-4 was markedly increased in myocardial cells (ng/L: 33.80±3.06 vs. 16.15±1.34,P< 0.05), while the levels of TNF-α, IFN-γ and IFN-γ/IL-4 were lowered significantly [TNF-α (ng/L): 18.16±0.71 vs. 29.64±1.89, IFN-γ (ng/L): 373.75±18.36 vs. 512.86±27.86, IFN-γ/IL-4: 16.15±1.34 vs. 33.80±3.06, allP< 0.05], and myocardial T-bet protein and mRNA expressions were reduced [T-bet protein (gray value): 0.41±0.07 vs. 0.59±0.11, T-bet mRNA (2-ΔΔCt): 4.37±0.21 vs. 7.57±0.55, bothP< 0.05], furthermore, myocardial GATA-3 protein and mRNA expressions were significantly up-regulated in SFI group [GATA-3 protein (gray value): 0.25±0.07 vs. 0.16±0.07, GATA-3 mRNA (2-ΔΔCt): 0.63±0.07 vs. 0.34±0.05, bothP< 0.05]. The parameters in SFI group were significantly improved compared with those of the EP group.ConclusionsMyocardial immune dysfunction is induced by Th1/Th2 imbalance following myocardial injury subsequent to CPR in pigs. SFI can attenuate myocardial injury and regulate myocardial immune disorders, protect post-resuscitation myocardial injury by modulating expression imbalance of transcription factors GATA-3 and T-bet.

Objective To study the effects ofShenqi YizhiGranules (SQYZ) on learning and memory and content of Aβ1-42 of cerebral tissue in 5XFAD mice with Alzheimer’s disease; To discuss its mechanism on improving learning and memory ability of 5XFAD mice.Methods Four-month-old C57BL?6 wild type mice were randomly divided into NS control group and SQYZ control group, and the 5XFAD mice were randomly divided into model group, SQYZ group and huperzine-A (HupA) group, 15 mice in each group. Each group were given same volume for gavage for 60 d. After treatment, the learning and memory ability were evaluated by nesting test, passive avoidance and Morris water maze test. The senile plaques and content of Aβ1-42, ionized calcium binding adapter molecule 1 and glial fibrillary acidic protein in cerebral cortex and hippocampus were detected by immunohistochemical staining and immunofluorescence, respectively.Results Compared with NS control group, the score of nesting test in model group significantly decreased; the step-through latency in passive avoidance was shortened and the escape latentcy in Morris water maze test was prolonged; the quantity of senile plaques and content of Aβ1-42 increased in cerebral cortex and hippocampus; the activation of glial cells significantly increased. In the SQYZ group, the above-mentioned indexes reached or approached the level of wild type control mice. The difference between SQYZ group and model group was statistically significant (P<0.05,P<0.01).Conclusion SQYZ improved learning and memory ability in 5XFAD mice, which may be related to reduction of senile plaques, inhibition of over activation in glial cells and reduction of content of Aβ1-42 in cerebral cortex and hippocampus.