OBJECTIVE:To observe thc usefulness of Utilin S in treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COP- D). METHODS: In a random control design, trial group was given Utilin S 1. 72ug im, qw. on the basis of conventional treat- ment. Control group was given conventional treatment alone. RESLLTS: The clinical effect. symptom and immune indices of trial group were all better then those of control group. CONCLUSION: Utilin S, as a immunostimulant. has a good accessory therapcutic effect on COPD.

Objective To study the effect of surface electromyogram-triggered electrical stimulation on lower limb function in hemiplegic stroke patients. Methods Thirty hemiplegic stroke patients were divided into a treatment group ( 15 cases) and a control group ( 15 cases). Both groups were given conventional rehabilitation training.Additionally, the treatment group was given surface electromyogram-triggered electrical stimulation training, while the control group was given common low frequency electrical stimulation. Brunnstrom's recovery stages, the Fugl-Meyer assessment (FMA) and electromyographic parameters were assessed before and after 3 courses of treatment. Results After treatment both groups had significantly higher Brunnstrom and FMA scores and better integrated electromyograms(iEMG), but the effects in the treatment group were significantly better than in the control group. Conclusions Surface electromyogram-triggered electrical stimulation training can provide satisfactory rehabilitation of lower limb function in hemiplegic stroke patients.

Objective To investigate the cell morphology and immune phenotypic characteristics in Uygur and Han patients with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region.Methods Bone marrow smears of 67 cases diagnosed as MDS were systematicly observed and recorded,flow cytometry (FCM) was used to test the immunophenotyping.Results There were abnormal hematopoiesis in different extent in granulocyte series,erythron series and megakaryocytic series of all patients.Occurence of pathological hematopoietic performance in Uygur patients with MDS was similar to that in Han,granulocyte series [52 cases (77.6 ％)] ＞megakaryocytic series [44 cases (65.7 ％)] ＞ erythrocyte series [36 cases (53.7 ％)],the differences in two groups were not significant (x2 values 1.02,0.30,0.02,respectively,all P ＞ 0.05).The changes type of pathological hematopoietic performance in two groups were similar,single garden nuclear megakaryocyte [36 cases (53.7 ％)],false Pelger nuclear anomaly granulocyte [36 cases (53.7 ％)],erythroid gigantic young cell change [33 cases (49.3 ％)],granulocyte cell particles reduced or absent [27 cases (40.3 ％)] etc.The result of FCM showed that along with the progressive change of RA/RAS to RAEB/RAEB-t,the expression ratios of mature CD15 were decreased,while the expression ratios of early stage CD117 and CD34 were raised gradually (x2 values 6.23,12.06,8.95,7.37,8.95,8.08,respectively,all P ＜ 0.05),the differences in two groups were not significant (x2 values 0.715,0.024,0.146,respectively,all P ＞ 0.05).Meanwhile,Uygur patients with MDS has great expression of CD56 and Han had HLA-DR,there were significantly differences in two groups (x2 values 3.91 and 3.90,respectively,both P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Occurence of pathological hematopoietic performance in Uygur patients with MDS are similar to that in Han.Most MDSs has two or more levels of pathological hematopoietic performance.The differences of immunophenotype characteristics in two groups are partially significant and test of immunophenotype are helpful in the diagnosis,classification,prognosis of MDS.

OBJECTIVE To study the aminoglycosides modifying enzyme genes and detect resistance of the Acinetobacter baumannii in burn unit.METHODS The susceptibility of the A.baumannii strains to 11 antibiotics were tested by K-B method.The aminoglycosides modifying enzyme genes were analyzed using polymerase chain reaction(PCR).RESULTS The resistance rate to antibacterials was as follows:to TZP 61.85%,SCF 23.69%,CAZ 64.48%,FEP 63.17%,IPM 63.17%,AK 56.58%,and to CIP 73.69%.In 76 strains of A.baumannii,48 strains(63.16%) were with aac(3)-Ⅰ,39(51.32%) with aac(6′)-Ⅰ,and 46(60.53%) with ant(3″)-Ⅰ,others were negative.The total test rate of aminoglycosides modifying enzyme gene was 63.16%.CONCLUSIONS There are not only multi-drug-resistance but also 63.16% aminoglycosides modifying enzyme genes of the A.baumannii isolated from burn unit.

Objective To analyze the characteristics of dysplasia in patients with myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS),and identify the risk factors for evolution of MDS to acute leukemia.Methods According to the WHO criterion 2008 of MDS,98 cases were included.As the characteristics of dysplasia,cell morphology,cytogenetics and flow cytometry were analyzed in these patients.Results To the last follow-up,27 of 98 patients transformed to acute myeloid leukemia,including M2 (15 cases),M4 (10 cases),M6 (2 cases).Patients with abnormal Pelger-Hu(e)t had significantly higher risk for evolution of MDS to leukemia,when compared to those without Pelger-Hu(e)t (23/67 vs 4/36,x2 =4.87,P =0.03).Auer corpuscle and small nuclear pathological were also the risk factors of developing to leukemia (19/37 vs 8/61,x2 =16.87,P =0.000; 21/57vs 6/46,x2 =9.14,P =0.003,respectively).37 patients died,the median suvival time was 26 months (95 ％ CI 13-38) for patients with abnorrnal Pelger-Hu(e)t,19 months (95 ％ CI 11-26) for patients with Auer corpuscle,13 months (95 ％ CI 6-19) for patients with small nuclear pathology,respectively (x2 =11.05,13.04,21.05,P =0.001,0.000,0.000).Conclusion Abnormal Pelger-Hu(e)t,Auer corpuscle and small nuclear pathology are indentified as the risk factors for evolution of MDS to leukemia,and they are the infavorable predictors of survival.

AIM:To investigate the immunomodulatory effect of astragalus saponin(AS)on macrophages and explore the mechanism of its immunomodulation.METHODS:By adding different concentrations of AS into cultured mouse peritoneal macrophages in vitro,the influence of AS on the synthesis of nitro oxide(NO)was detected by NO kit(enzymatic method).MTT assay was used to determine the cytotoxicity of macrophages induced by AS.The morphological changes of macrophages were observed under transmission electron microscope.LSCM and specificity fluorescent probe Fluo-3/AM were applied to observe the change of Ca2+ in macrophages induced by AS.RESULTS:AS significantly increased NO synthesis,enhanced the effects of mouse peritoneal macrophages on killing carcinoma cells.Cell surface projection exhibited multiplication,becoming thickening and growth longer via transmission electron microscope.Increase in intracellular Ca2+ in macrophages was also observed.CONCLUSION:AS enhances the immune function of macrophages by increasing NO synthesis and enhancing cytotoxicity.The increased intracellular Ca2+ may be the mechanism of immunomodulatory effect of AS.

Objective To explore the effect of surface electromyogram biofeedback stimulation on lower limb function of stroke hemiplegicpatients. Methods 30 stroke patients following hemiplegia were divided into 2 groups: observation group (n=15) and control group(n=15). 2 groups were given conventional rehabilitation training. The observation group added surface electromyogram biofeedback stimulationtraining, while the control group added acupuncture. Brunnstrom's recovery stages, the Fugl-Meyer Assessment(FMA) and electromyographicparameters were assessed before and 4 courses after the treatment. Results Both groups had significantly higher Brunnstrom's andFMA scores and better integrated electromyogram (P<0.05), but the observation group was significantly better than the control group afterthe treatment (P<0.05). Conclusion Surface electromyogram biofeedback stimulation training can facilitate to provide satisfactory rehabilitationeffects for lower limb function of hemiplegic stroke patients.

Objective To observe the effects of transcutaneous electric acupoint stimulation(TEAS) at zusanli on fatigue after training.Methods 40 soldiers with exercise fatigue after marine training were divided into 2 groups.The soldiers in treatment group were treated with TEAS on Zusanli(ST36).Those in control group recovered naturally.Results The fatigue symptoms were improved,the consistency of the hemoglobin(HGB) were significantly increased,and the levels of lactic acid(LA) were significantly decreased in treatment group(P<0.01),which seemed better than that of the controls(P<0.05).Conclusion TEAS can facilitate the recovery from fatigue after training.

Surface electromyographic biofeedback is a treatment combined with biofeedback and electrical stimulation. This article reviewed the surface electromygraphic biofeedback applied in recovery of motor, cognition, and swallowing after stroke.

Objective To observe the effect of surface electromyogram biofeedback electrostimulation on ankle dorsiflexion in strokehemiplegics. Methods 60 stroke patients were devided into treatment group (n=30) and control group (n=30). All the patients received routinerehabilitation and ankle intensive training. The treatment group received surface electromyogram biofeedback electrostimulation in addition.They were assessed with Simple Fugl-Meyer Assessment of motor and balance, active range of movement of ankle; and the integratedelectromyogram (iEMG) of isometric contraction of anterior tibialis under maximum ankle dorsiflexion were determined before and aftertreatment. Results The scores of motor and balance, active range of movement of ankle, and the iEMG improved in both groups after treatment(P<0.01), but improved more in the treatment group than in the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion Surface electromyogram biofeedbackelectrostimulation can significantly improve ankle dorsiflexion in patients with hemiplegia.