In modern war the multiple wounds caused by projectiles, such as exploded artilery shells, hand grenades and mines, often occured. In the paper the characteristics of the multiple wounds were discussed based on 717 cases of war wounds. The characteristics Included the extensive wounds, high incidence of shock and the blind wounds. The remote effect was often seen in these cases. And also the treatment principles of these wounds were dicussod in this paper.

Objective To discuss the value of expressed prostate secretion(EPS) pH test in the diagnosis of chronie prostatitis. Methods EPS was obtained from 86 out-patients with chronic prostatitis, pH test and microscopy field being studied, prostate ultrasonography was performed after filling bladder. Results Mean pH of the EPS was (7.0±0.5), EPS-WBC was (20±10)/HP, and prostate ultrasonography positive rate were 63.9 % (55/86). pH of the EPS and the frequency of ultrasound abnormal ities were significantly correlated to the WBC in EPS.There was no correlation between age, disease process duration and the pH of EPS. Conclusion In chronic prostatitis, EPS-pH was positively correlated with the ultrasonography abnormalities and the WBC elevation of EPS, and EPS-pH test in the diagnosis of chronic prostatitis were meaning and value.

Objective To explore the association between cytotoxic T lymphocyte associated antigen-4 (CTLA-4) gene polymorphism and susceptibility to ankylosing spondylitis (AS). Methods The case-control studies from Chinese Biomedical Database, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang, Weipu, PubMed, Cochrane Library, OvidSP, Wiley Online Library, Elsevier Science Direct, Springer Link databases for the association of CTLA-4 gene polymorphism with AS. The association strength was assessed with chi-squared test by Stata 12.0 software. Results Seven references of CTLA-4 gene +49A/G (rs231775) polymorphism were enrolled which included 1119 AS patients and 995 controls (healthy subjects or non-AS patients), which showed that there were no statistical difference between AS and control groups under recessive, dominant, co-dominant, additive and allele gene models. Five references of CTLA-4 gene-318C/T (rs5742909) polymorphism were enrolled which included 635 AS patients and 512 controls, which showed that there were no statistical difference between AS and control groups under recessive and additive gene models; however, there were statistical difference between AS and control groups under dominant model [ OR=1.651, 95%CI (1.052, 2.590), P=0.029], co-dominant model [OR=0.621, 95%CI (0.403, 0.957), P=0.031] and allele model [OR=1.587, 95%CI (1.068, 2.357), P=0.022]. Conclusion The meta analysis reveal that CTLA-4 gene rs231775 single nucleotide polymorphism is not associated with the susceptibility to AS; rs5742909 SNP is associated with the susceptibility to AS, which suggests that C→T mutation increases the risk of AS.

Fffects of three gating modifiers of membrane ionic channel, aconitine (AC), deoxycholate (DOC) and Ca~(2+), on the excitability of nerves and the cxcitability index, standard clectrical quantity "a" were observed on 38 crayfish giant axons and 60 toad sciatic-peronael nerves. Results showed. that "a" is related to the activating rate of sodium channel and re(?)ts changes of clectrical quantity which is necded in opening the activation gating of sodium channel and producing the action potential.

ObjectiveTo explored the relationship among endothelin-1(ET-1), P-selection and troponin I(CTnI) in acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and unstable angina (UA).MethodsPlasma level of endothelin-1 was analyzed by radioimmunoassay, the expression of P-selection was analyzed by flow cytometery technique and troponin I was analyzed by paramagnetic partile chemiluminescent immunoassay in 23 AMI cases, 21 UA cases and 28 healthy controls.ResultsPlasma levels of ET-1 and CTnI in AMI patients were higher than in controls(P<0.05). The expression of P-selection in AMI patients was higher than in controls (P<0.01).Plasma levels of ET-1 and expression of P-selection in UA patients were higher than in controls (P<0.05). There was an increased trend of CTnI in UA patients in contrast to controls, but without statistical significance(P>0.05).As compared with UA, plasma levels of CTnI and expression of P-selection were elevated in AMI patients (P<0.05). No significant difference was observed between AMI and UA cases in plasma level of ET-1. Multivariate regression analysis revealed that P-selection was significantly associated with AMI and UA cases compared with plasma level of CTnI (r=0.404,P<0.01).ConclusionsPlasma levels of ET-1 and P-selection were sensitive markers as prethrombolic status.

Objective:To observe the effect of etanercept on bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis in mice and its possible mechanisms.Methods:Thirty male SPF Kun ming mice were randomly assigned to control group ( intratracheal saline injection ) or model group ( intratracheal injection of bleomycin 5 mg/kg ) or intervention group ( intratracheal bleomycin injection followed by etanercept 3 mg/kg intraperitoneal administration twice a week )(n=10 group).Lung tissue were taken after the sacrifice of the mice with 28 days of molding.The content of hydroxyproline of the right lung samples was measured by alkaline hydrolysis method ,while the left lungs were fixed in 4%paraformaldehyde and embedded in paraffin with the sections stained with hematoxylin -eosin or Masson′s trichrome for pathological examination .Total tissue protein was extracted from lung homogenates to detect the expression of NF -κB and phosphorylation of NF-κB( P-NF-κB) by Western blot.Results:The content of hydroxyproline in lung tissue of mice of intervention arm was decreased significantly compared with the model arm ( P<0.01 ).The alveolar structure of the intervention arm maintained integrity with alveolar septum slightly thickened.The inflammation and fibrosis scores were decreased significantly with noticeable greater improvement of pulmonary fibrosis than the model arm (P<0.01).In addition,the protein phosphorylation of NF-κB in the lung tissues was remarkably decreased in the intervention arm ( P<0.01 ).Conclusion: Etanercept can inhibit the phosphorylation of NF-κB and reduce lung inflammation and fibrosis caused by bleomycin in mice ,which may be useful in the treatment of pulmonary fibrosis.

Objective To explore the application of “PBL -Seminar” teaching method in nursing teaching for undergraduates majoring in nursing.Methods 54 nursing undergraduates from July 2012 to April 2013 were set as control group receiving the traditional teaching method, and another 52 nursing undergraduates from July 2013 to April 2014 at internship were set as experimental group, receiving “PBL -Seminar” teaching method, and then the two groups were compared in terms of teaching effects.Results The patient satisfaction was obviously improved, and the qualification rate of the nursing students and the comprehensive evaluation score were significantly higher as com-pared with the control group (p <0.5).Conclusion “PBL -Seminar” teaching method can effectively improve the effect of the nursing internship of nursing undergraduates and the teaching quality for the nursing undergraduates.

0.05). Conclusion Fluoride contents of local wheat in some areas of Chongqing exceeded standard.

OBJECTIVE To study the aminoglycosides modifying enzyme genes and detect resistance of the Acinetobacter baumannii in burn unit.METHODS The susceptibility of the A.baumannii strains to 11 antibiotics were tested by K-B method.The aminoglycosides modifying enzyme genes were analyzed using polymerase chain reaction(PCR).RESULTS The resistance rate to antibacterials was as follows:to TZP 61.85%,SCF 23.69%,CAZ 64.48%,FEP 63.17%,IPM 63.17%,AK 56.58%,and to CIP 73.69%.In 76 strains of A.baumannii,48 strains(63.16%) were with aac(3)-Ⅰ,39(51.32%) with aac(6′)-Ⅰ,and 46(60.53%) with ant(3″)-Ⅰ,others were negative.The total test rate of aminoglycosides modifying enzyme gene was 63.16%.CONCLUSIONS There are not only multi-drug-resistance but also 63.16% aminoglycosides modifying enzyme genes of the A.baumannii isolated from burn unit.

Objective To investigate the orientation relationship between the infarct related artery (IRA)and the change of the electrocardiogram (ECG)of the patients with anterior wall and extensive anterior wall acute myocardial infarction (AMI) .Methods ECG and coronary artery angiography (CAG)were compared and analyzed retrospectively through 171 patients(selected from January 1 ,2008 to March 31 ,2013)who were divided into anterior wall of LAD group and extensive anterior wall of LAD group .Re‐sults It was prompted that the IRA of the extensive anterior was the proximal occlusion of the left anterior descending (LAD) rather than distal occlusion (P<0 .05)if ST‐segment elevated in lead I ,aVL and aVR or ST‐segment depressed in lead Ⅱ ,Ⅲ and aVF in case of anterior wall and extensive anterior wall AMI .Conclusion Analyzing valuable ECG index could help us to prelimina‐rily infer IRA and the occlusion site in anterior wall and extensive anterior wall AMI .