Transient ischemic attack (TIA) is an independent risk factor of stroke. About two-thirds patients with TIA will reoccur TIA or stroke. To predict the risk of stroke after the onset of TIA may identify the prognosis of patients, so as to have an intervention for the high-risk patients as early as possible. This article reviews the various risk assessment tools for stroke after TIA, in order to provide ideas for the prognostic assessment of TIA.

Objective To investigate the changes of myocardial ATPase activity and plasma tumor necrosis factor- alpha (TNF- a) levels in rats with acute craniocerebral injury (ACI).Methods Sixtyfour male SD rats were randomly (random number) divided into sham group and model group.The observation intervals were set at 2 h,6 h,24 h and 72 h after ACI (n =8,at each interval).ACI model was established in rats by free falling objects hitting skull.Plasma levels of cardiac troponin Ⅰ (cTnⅠ) and TNF-αwere determined by using enzyme -linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).And the myocardial Na +-K+ -ATPase and Ca2+ -ATPase activity changes were determined by colorimetric method.Then the pathological change of myocardium with HE staining were observed under light - microscopy.Results Plasma cTnⅠ and TNF-α levels increased (P ＜ 0.05),while myocardial Na+-K+-ATPase and Ca2+- ATPase activity decreased in the rats with ACI (P ＜ 0.05 ); There was a negative correlation between myocardial Na + -K + -ATPase、Ca2 + -ATPase activity and plasma Ievels of cTnI ( r =0.357,r =0.557,P ＜ 0.05),and positive correlation between plasma levels of TNF-α and cTnⅠ ( r =0.920,P ＜ 0.05 ).Vacuolar degeneration and necrosis with inflammatory cell infiltrates of myocardium were observed under light -microscopy.Conclusions ACI can lead to myocardial injury,resulting in increase in plasma cTnⅠ and TNF-αand decrease in myocardial ATPase activity.Decrease in myocardial ATPase and increase in TNF-αmay involve in the pathogenesis of myocardial injury after ACI.

Objective To explore the serum lipid metabolism and immunoregulation of patients with primary nephritic syndrome (PNS) .Methods 50 PNS patients were served as the test group and 50 healthy people the control group .Automatic biochemical analyzer was utilized to detect their serum low density lipid-cholesterol (LDL-C ) ,high density lipid-cholesterol (HDL-C ) , triglyceride(TG) ,total cholesterol(TC) ,apolipoprotein(Apo)A1 ,ApoB ,and lipoprotein (a) .Immunization rate nephelometry was employed to measure their serum IgG ,IgA ,IgM ,complement C3 ,complement C4 ,CD3+ ,CD4+ ,CD8+ and CD4/CD8 .Results Compared with the control group ,serum levels of TC ,TG ,LDL-C ,ApoB ,ApoA1 ,IgM and CD4/CD8 of patients in the test group were significantly higher ,while those of HDL-C ,IgG ,complement C3 ,complement C4 ,CD3+ ,CD4+ ,CD8+ were obviously lower , with both statistically significant differences (P<0 .05) .However ,the differences of serum lipoprotein (a) and IgA between the two groups was not statistical significant(P>0 .05) .Conclusion Serum lipid level of PNS patients is higher than healthy people ,and considerable loss of Ig and complements and T cell subsets disproportion results in humoral and cellular immune dysfunction .

Objective To study on the significance of accompany relatives of children with access to pediatric transplantation ward on clinical treatment and nursing.Methods 37 children undergoing autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation (APBST) were collected from January 2007 to April 2010.All cases were divided into the no tending group(7 cases)and the tending group (30 cases).The accompany relatives of the tending group accepted standard training before entering the ward.The compliance with basic nursing,acute side-effect and hemopoiesis rebuild period of marrow during APBST in two groups were compared.Results The compliance with basic nursing of the no tending group was only 28.6％,but was 73.3％ in the tending group.According to Bearman standard,the acute side-effect of the no tending group:1 case of grade Ⅳ,1 case of grade Ⅲ,4 cases of grade Ⅱ,1case of grade Ⅰ; in the tending group:1 case of grade Ⅳ,1 case of grade Ⅲ,6 cases of grade Ⅱ,22 case of grade Ⅰ.The marrow-reconstitution took place in 36 children.The most long time was 41 days in the no tending group,the average time was (28.14+7.98)days.The time took for marrow-reconstitution was 22 days in the tending group,the average time was ( 14.61+2.33)days.Conclusions It is safe and feasible for accompany relatives of children to participate in nursing during transplantation.Relatives accompany is beneficial for psychology adaptability,nursing compliance and success of APBST.

Purpose To investigate the distribution of polymorphisms of quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1) C609T gene in breast cancer patients, and to analyze the relationship with breast cancer molecular subtype. Methods Genotyping of C609T rs1800566 lo-cus of NQO1 gene in peripheral blood of 248 cases of female breast cancer were detected using high-throughput TaqMan MGB real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR technology, while the detection of ER, PR, HER-2 and Ki-67 in cancerous tissues were used with immu-nohistochemical staining and FISH gene amplification. Results Among 248 cases of breast cancer patients, CC genotype accounted for 27. 42% (68/248), CT genotype accounted for 49. 60% (123/248), TT genotype accounted for 22. 98% (57/248), which con-sistent with Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium law genetic (P>0. 05). 5 cases of HER-2 (++) who did not undergo FISH testing were re-moved, all the rest were done with FISH detection. Luminal A type accounted for 15. 2% (37/243), Luminal B type accounted for 51. 4% (125/243), HER-2 overexpression type accounted for 19. 8% (48/243), basal cell type accounted for 13. 6% (33/243). Compared with patients carrying the CC genotype, ER and PR positive rates in breast cancer patients carrying CT and TT genotype was significantly higher (P<0. 05), while there was no statistically difference on the expression of HER-2 and Ki-67 proteins in two groups (P>0. 05). There was no statistically difference on distribution of C609T polymorphism of NQO1 gene among different molecular sub-types of breast cancer (P>0. 05). Conclusions Here is no relationship between C609T polymorphism of NQO1 gene and breast cancer molecular subtype, miss rate of NQO1 ( CT+TT) in basal cell carcinoma is lower, and its gene polymorphism may provide the reasonable explanation to the heterogeneity of breast cancer molecular subtype.

Objective To investigate Hospital-acquired infections in patients with liver cirrhosis caused by relevant factors.Methods From Jul.2006 to Jan.2011 the clinical data of 476 cases of hospital-acquired infections in patients with decompensate cirrhosis were retrospectively analyzed by case-control study for the effective factors.Results By logistic regression analysis,17 factors are found to affect Hospital-acquired infections ; 16 risk factors:Occupation in manual labor ( OR =4.119,95 ％ CI:2.631-6.325 ) ; Age ( OR =3.014,95 ％ CI:1.163-7.136) ; The cirrhosis disease history ( OR =1.761,95 ％ CI:1.439-2.130) ; Length of stay in hospital (OR =17.354,95 ％ CI:2.539-101.304) ; Interventional procedures ( OR =5.379,95％ CI:2.354-17.594) ;Peotein intake ( OR =3.201,95％ CI:1.539-4.528) ; Alcohol drinking history ( OR =3.158,95％CI:2.274-7.153 ) ; Development of complication ( OR =8.367,95 ％ CI:2.023-11.736 ) ; ALB ( OR =4.613,95％ CI:2.157-9.936 ) ; PCR-HBV DNA quantitative ( OR =3.628,95％ CI:2.245-7.129 ) ; WBC ( OR =3.758,95％ CI:2.276-7.018 ) ; CHE ( OR =3.148,95％ CI:2.202-6.038 ) ; TC ( OR =3.210,95％ CI:2.102-5.107) ;TBIL(OR =2.748,95％ CI:1.283-3.153) ; Antiviral agents (OR =0.257,95％ CI:0.145-0.382 ) ; Preventive application of antibiotics ( OR =3.147,95％ CI:2.236-7.182 ) ; PTA ( OR =2.798,95％CI:1.293-4.182) ;Liver function of Child B and C (OR =4.164,95％ CI:2.236-6.761 ).Conclusion Age,length of stay in hospital,interventional procedures,alcohol drinking history,development of complication,ALB,PCR-HBVDNA quantitative,WBC,TC,Preventive application of antibiotics,liver function of Child are risk factors.Use of anti-virus drug are protective factors.

ObjectiveTo explore the impact of urinary incontinence on women's quality of life, and the effective measures to improve it.MethodsWe conducted a comprehensive literature review to analyze the present research about quality of life on urinary incontinent women and interventions for improving it.ResultsUrinary incontinence influenced patients' quality of life in many aspects, especially in their physical health, mental health, daily living and sexual life. Regular pelvic floor muscle training could prevent and control the incontinence symptoms and improve patients' quality of life.ConclusionsIt is necessary to carry on a series of activities to propagandize that urinary incontinence can be treated, effective measures should be taken to prevent and manage urinary incontinence in order to improve quality of life in urinary incontinent women.

Objective:To observe the effects and mechanism of Xiezhuo Jiedu Decoction on the expression of IL-10,TNF-? and NF-?B in ulcerative colitis rat.Methods:2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid(TNBS)/ethanol solution was administrated by enema to establish ulcerative colitis rats models.Five groups were set up in the experiments:normal control group,model control group,salazosulfamide group,Xiezhuo Jiedu Decoction low-dose group,Xiezhuo Jiedu Decoction high-dose group;Pathomorphological observation was carried out on the rats'colon(DAI scores and CMDI scores).Cytokines IL-10,TNF-? were determined by radioimmunoassay;NF-?B p65 was determined by immunohistochemical staining(SP method).Results:Xiezhuo Jiedu Decoction can significantly reduce the CMDI sores of the rats'colon and the expression of NF-?B p65,increase the content of IL-10,decrease the content of TNF-?.Conclusion:Xiezhuo Jiedu Decoction had good therapeutic effect on ulcerative colitis in rats,its mechanism may be related to reducing the expression of NF-?B p65,increasing the content of IL-10,decreasing the content of TNF-?.

Objective To investigate the changes of protein kinase C(PKC) activity in peripheral blood T lymphocytes of the children with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) and the relationships between PKC activity and T lymphocytes activation and thrombocyte decrease.Methods Sterilized peripheral blood were collected from ITP children (n=35) and healthy children (n=30).T lymphocytes were isolated and purified by the T cell segregation enrichment column.The total PKC activity was detected by non-radioactive assay.FasL,the T cell activated marker,was determined by flow cytometer.Platelet count was performed by hematocytometer.Result Compared with healthy children,total PKC activity in ITP children was significantly enhanced (0.97?0.21 nmol/min.ml vs 0.60? 0.13 nmol/min.ml,?s,P

OBJECTIVE:To establish the method for simultaneous determination of 5 saponins in Lonicerae Flos. METHODS:Using macranthoidin B as a reference,HPLC method was adopted to calculate the relative correction factor(RCF)of it to macran-thoidin A,dipsacoside B,macranthoside A and macranthoside B. The contents of above 4 saponins were calculated through RCF. Using the contents of saponins determined by external standard method as measured value,the calculated value was compared with measured value. RESULTS:The linear ranges of macranthoidin A,macranthoidin B,dipsacoside B,macranthoside A and macran-thoside B were 0.316-6.32 μg(r=0.9973),0.453-9.06 μg(r=0.9982),0.231-4.62 μg(r=0.9996),0.342-6.84 μg(r=0.9984) and 0.147-2.94 μg(r=0.9961),respectively. RSDs of precision,stability and reproducibility tests were all lower than 2.0%. The recoveries were 97.74%-104.51%(RSD=2.37%,n=6)、96.70%-103.20%(RSD=2.37%,n=6)、96.12%-103.61%(RSD=2.45%, n=6)、98.80%-104.70%(RSD=2.32%,n=6)、99.21%-102.92%(RSD=1.39%,n=6),respectively. There was no statistical sig-nificance between calculated value and measured value(P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS:The method is simple,precise,stable and re-producible. It can be used for the determination of saponins in Lonicerae Flos.