Objective To study the effects of industrial wastewater containing chromium from Anyang Bicycle Works (ABW) on the mutagenicity of ground water and drinking water. Methods The ground water samples were collected from wells located on the southwest of the pollution source of ABW, near the gate of ABW(A) and at a distance of 60 m from the east of ABW(B) respectively, and also from the following sampling points closely located along the lower reach of sewage ditch: cigarette work(C), iron alloy works(D), match works(E), chemical and chemical fiber works(F). The raw water and finished water samples were collected from water plant. The contents of chromium(Cr6+) in water samples were measured and the mutagenicity of the water samples were tested by Vicia faba root tips cell micronucleus test. Results The contents of Cr6+ in ground water samples showed a decreaseing trend (0.358 5-0.010 0 mg/L) with the increasing distances from the sampling points to the pollution source of ABW, the order of which was the following: A, B, C, D, E, F. The contents of Cr6+ in ground water samples collected from the gate of ABW and the location at a distance of 60 m from the east of ABW exceeded the related standard 6.17 and 2.08 times respectively.The contents of Cr6+ in raw water and finished water samples were 0.0123 and 0.0095mg/L respectively.All of the water samples except that from the chemical and chemical fiber works showed higher micronucleus rates in different degree compared with that of negative control. Statistically significant higher micronucleus rate was only observed in water sample from match works compared with that of negative control (P

Aim To research the effects of HSP70 in-hibitor ( PFTμ) on the expressions of iNOS induced by IFN-γ in RAW 264. 7 cells. Methods The NO con-centration was measured by Griess Kit. The expression of interest protein was measured by Western blot and iNOS mRNA was measured by RT-PCR. Mouse cardi-ac ischemia-reperfusion ( I/R ) model was established to set up the inflammatory response. These were divid-ed into control and treated groups. The infarct size was monitored on myocardial I/R mice. Results We found that PFTμsignificantly blocked the production of NO and the expression of iNOS protein and mRNA in RAW 264. 7 cells. The mechanism may be part of the inhibition of nuclear IRF-1 protein expression. We also found that PFTμ reduced the infarct size in myocardial I/R mice ( P <0. 05 ) . Conclusion These results suggest that PFTμ down-regulates the IFN-γ-induced iNOS transcription through decreasing translocated IRF-1 protein.

Objective To assess the prevalence of the A to G mutation at position 3243 of the mitochondrial tRNALeu(UUR) gene in type 2 diabetes in a Chinese population. Methods We screened 716 randomly selected, unrelated patients with type 2 diabetes for the mutation with a PCR-RFLP technique. Results Three individuals with this mutation were identified, representing approximately 0. 4％ of the type 2 patients screened. Further screening of first degree relatives of these 3 patients identified another 4 affected carriers. In comparison with type 2 diabetic patients without the mutation, these 7 carriers of the mt3243 mutation had:①an earlier onset of diabetes (38. 0±10.1 yr vs 53. 4±10.0 yr, P ＜0. 001) ;②lower BMI (19.5±2.0 vs 24. 9±10. 9, P ＜0. 0001) ;and ③ lower post-challenge insulin levels (Area under the curve of insulin levels during the OGTT, 2946± 1647.2 vs 7469±6647.7, P ＜ 0. 01). In addition, we screened the same 716 patients with type 2 diabetes, as well as 181 controls with normal glucose tolerance,for a newly described mt 3316 G→A mutation. This mutation was found in 16 patients with type 2 diabetes (2.20％) and 5 controls (2.7％). Therefore, the frequency of the mutation was not different between patients and controls.Moreover, clinical characteristics such as age of onset of diabetes, BMI, and insulin levels were not different between diabetic patients with the mt3316 mutation and those without it. Concision The mt3316 G→ A mutation is a polymorphism unrelated to diabetes.

Objective To explore the role of cell cycle regulators in tuberculosis with lung carcinoma.Methods p53,MDM_2,p21~ ras and p21~ WAF1 proteins were detected by LsAB immunohistochemical technique in 69 cases of tuberculosis with lung carcinoma.Results As compared with primary tuberculosis with lung carcinoma,the expression rate p53 or MDM_2 protein in relapsing NPC was similar(78% to 80%,84% to 83%),and the expression rate of p21~ ras and p21~ WAF1 protein in relapsing NPC was obviously descended(73% to 93%,52% to 84%);The high-expression rate of p53 protein in relapsing NPC was similar(42% to 51%),the high-expression rate of MDM_2 protein in relapsing NPC was obviously risen(57% to 32%),and the high-expression rate of p21~ ras and p21~ WAF1 protein in relapsing NPC was obviously descended(16% to 65%,17% to 46%).Among of them,the significant rise of MDM_2 protein expression level in relapsing NPC mainly occurred in the patients of group 2 which relapsing-interval was shorter than 34 months(P

Objective To understand occupational stress and burnout status of nurses working for general or cancer hospitals of Xinjiang so as to provide a theoretical basis for the prevention and reduction of occupational stress and burnout of nurses.Methods A total of 497 nurses from a general hospital or a tertiary-level cancer hospital were recruited by using random sampling to learn their occupational stress and burnout.Results Of 497 participants,247 were working for comprehensive hospitals and 250 for cancer hospitals.In comparison with the norm,the nurses of general hospitals showed higher scores in occupational task dimension (t=14.316,P＜0.05) and personal strain dimension (t=25.416,P＜0.05),but lower scores in personal resource dimension (t=7.389,P＜0.05).Meanwhile,the nurses of cancer hospitals were found to have higher scores in occupational task dimension (t=15.840,P＜0.05) and personal strain dimension (t=15.694,P＜0.05),but lower scores in personal resource dimension (t=7.488,P＜0.05) when compared to the norm.Those working in general hospitals had higher scores in emotional exhaustion dimension (t=13.109,P＜0.05) and passive burnout dimension (t=13.198,P＜0.05) than the norm,while lower scores in professional sense dimension (t=17.716,P＜0.05).The nurses of cancer hospitals were observed to show higher scores in emotional exhaustion dimension (t=8.044,P＜0.05) and negative burnout dimension (t=1 1.111,P＜0.05) than the norm,while lower scores in professional sense dimension (t=20.820,P＜0.05).Conclusions Hospital managers should take efforts to control nurses' occupational stress and burnout-related factors so as to enhance their work initiative.

Objective To investigate the apoptosis of poly morphonuclear neutrophil(PMN)and the reversion of recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor(G-CSF)in acute lung injury.Methods 30 guinea pigs were randomly divided into three groups:control group,oil acid group(OA group),OA+G-CSF group.Both OA group and OA+G-CSF group had intraveneos injection of oleic acid(0.12ml/kg)to induce acute lung injury.OA+G-CSF group had G-CSF 0.5μg/kg injection once a day for 2 days.Control group had injection of normal saline.All the 3 groups took BALF 2 hours later.PMNs were isolated by density gradient centrifugation.PMN apoptosis was detecded by Terminal deoxynucleotidy transferase-mediated dUTP biotin nick end labeling(TUNEL).Results PMN apoptosis of BALFs of OA group,OA+G-CSF group and control group were(2.5±1.080)%,(3.5±0.850)%and(6.4±1.505)%.The level of PMN apoptosis of BALF of OA group compared with OA+G-CSF group and control group were decreased markedly(P＜0.01 for each).Conclusion The apoptosis of PMN in acute lung injury is delayed,and persistent activation of PMN and release of toxic content is closely related to lung injury.G-CSF can reverse the level of apoptosis of PMN in acute lung injury.

OBJECTIVE:To establish a method for the content determination of chlorogenic acid,protocatechuic acid and total phenolics in Chaenomeles sinensis,compare the content of total phenolics and 2 phenolic acids from different areas. METHODS:Wavelength switching HPLC method was conducted to determine the chlorogenic acid and protocatechuic acid. The column was Shim-pack CLC-ODS(M)with the mobile phase of acetonitrile-0.1% phoephoric acid(15∶85,V/V),the detection wavelength was 259 nm(for protocatechuic acid)and 325 nm(for chlorogenic acid)and the switching time was 14 min. With the index of proto-catechuic acid,Folin-Ciocalteau colorimetric method was conducted to determine the total phenolics. RESULTS:The 2 methods of quantitative analysis showed that the precision,repeatability,recoveries and standard curves were all validated by methodology. The mass fraction of total phenolics was 0.87%-3.77% with the average of 2.16%;the chlorogenic acid was 0.053%-0.387% with the average of 0.192% and the protocatechuic acid was 0.024%-0.541% with the average of 0.087%. The order of total phenolics content in C. sinensis from different areas was Yunnan>Anhui Xuancheng>Sichuan>Hubei and the order of total amount of chlo-rogenic acid and protocatechuic acid from different areas was the same as the total phenolics. There were differences among the con-tents of C. sinensis from different areas,however,the positive correlation was found between the content of total phenolics and the total amount of chlorogenic acid and protocatechuic acid with the pearson correlation coefficient of 0.719(P<0.01).CONCLU-SIONS:The established method is simple,accurate and reproducible and can be used for the content determination of chlorogenic acid,protocatechuic acid and total phenolics in chaenomelis fructus.

Objective To explore the mechanism underlying the superiority of the biphasic waveform to monophasic waveform in defibrillation.Method The Luo-Rudy model was adjusted so that it could be used to study defibrillation.Based on the adjusted model the effects of different defibrillation waveforms on cell action potential duration(APD) were studied.Result Biphasic electrical field pulse extended the APD longer than that with monophasic one.Moreover,biphasic waveforms with different strengths could prolong the APD almost equally,while monophasic pulses with different strengths showed different ability to prolong the APD and the spatial distribution of the APD became dispersed.It was also found that the strength of electrical fields pulse contributed much to the change of APD while the duration showed little effect.Conclusion The clinical superiority of biphasic pulses to monophasic pulses in defibrillation is resulted from its ability to prolong the time course of the APD and more importantly,it causes even spatial distribution of the APD.

Objective To study the complex restitution relation between the present action potential duration (APD) and its previous diastole interval (DI) and APD. Method The Luo-Rudy model was paced with different protocols to draw the coordinate curves between the present APD and its first previous DI. These curves were fit with the artificial neural network (ANN). Result Different pacing protocols caused different coordinate curves, and there was no one-to-one relation between pre-sent APD and its first previous DI. ANN fits these curves satisfactorily. Conclusion There is a complex relation between the present APD and the APDs and Dis of the first three previous beats. This relation can be modeled accurately with ANN.

Objective To investigate the expression of interleukin-17 (IL-17) and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and their relationship with pTNM staging.Methods IL-17 and MMP-9 expressions in cancer and adjacent tissues were detected from 102 cases of NSCLC by immunohistochemistry.x2 test was used to compare the ratio of their relationship with the pTNM stage.Results IL-17,MMP-9 expression rates in NSCLC cancer were 73.53 ％ (75/102),60.78 ％ (62/102)respectively,IL-17,MMP-9 expressions in different TNM stages were statistically significant correlated (P ＜ 0.05) respectively.The expression of IL-17 and MMP-9 in NSCLC tumor tissue were related statistically (P ＜ 0.05),and adjacent tissues were not related (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion IL-17,MMP-9 in NSCLC tissues were significant increased,both may be involved in invasion and metastasis of NSCLC,IL-17 and MMP-9 were correlated in NSCLC tumor tissue but not in adjacent tissues.