The effects of Rhynchophylline (Rhy) and Isorhychophyiline (Isorhy), the alkaloids abstracted from the Chinese traditional herb Uncaria rhynchophyllia (Miq) Jackson, on the 45Ca-influx and efflux were investigated in rabbit aorta. Both Rhy and Isorhy (10 ?mol? L-1) inhibited the 45Ca-influx induced by high K+(77. 0 mmol ? L-1), but neither significant-ly influenced the 45Ca-influx and efflux induced by noradrenaline (10 ?mol ? L-1). The results suggest that these alkaloids block the Voltage-dependent calcium channel.

Objective To determine whether preoperative embolization is a valuable adjunct to surgical excision of hemangioblastoma. Methods Eleven cases of hemangioblastoma, involving 8 of cerebellum , 1 of medulla oblongata and 2 of spinal cord shown by CT, MR and DSA were embolized preoperatively. The feeding arteries were catheterized with microcatheter and devascularized with polyvinyl alchol particles. Results The blood supplies of the tumor in 6 cases were completely eliminated, and partial occlusion through embolization were undergone for the other 5 cases. Surgical operation was undergone 1-7 days later with all, the 11 tumors totally resected acompanied by minimal blood loss and shortening of the operation time. In addition, manipulation and removal of these embolized tumors were actually easier than expected. No complications occurred during the procedures of embolization and operation. Conclusions Preoperative embolization of hemangioblastoma is a useful and relatively safe to surgical complete resection of this hypervascular tumor with significant reduction of blood loss and operation time.

[Objective]Supracondylar fracture of the humerus is the most common fracture around elbow in children.In recent years,with the progress of minimally invasive technique,closed reduction and percutaneous Kirschner wire fixation has been widely applied in clinics to reduce the complications and surgical trauma.The relative literature concerning supracondylar fracture of the humerus in children was reviewed to find out the latest progress in classification criteria,the manipulation and reference standard of closed reduction,the configuration and effects of different percutaneous Kirschner wire fixation,and the complications and prevention measures for closed reduction and percutaneous pinning fixation.

Compared with the recycle of post-consumer medical equipments in medical institutions, the treatment of post-consumer home medical equipments (HME) should be consummated in the field of academic research, policy and regulatory plus corresponding supporting industries. The HME industry situation and its classification, main components and properties are reviewed in this paper. The merits and demerits of various pollution control techniques in the recycle of post-consumer medical equipments are analysed. For instance, the source control techniques to improve the property of raw materials, the end treatment technique to recycle the HME and regenerate energy are also discussed. Further, the development prospect of pollution control technique in the recycle of HME and the challenges must face up to are also probed.
Environmental Pollution ; prevention & control ; Equipment and Supplies ; standards ; Industry

An expanded-granular sludge bed (EGSB) reactor was set-up with artificial water by seeding a 60 d stored ANAMMOX sludge. The nitrogen removal efficiency of ANAMMOX enrichment culture in the reactor was determined. In addition, the main microbial populations and the relative abundance of ANAMMOX bacteria were investigated by molecular approaches. Results show that the maximum nitrogen removal rate was 3.0 kg-N·m(-3)·d(-1) after 185 d, and the ammonium and nitrite removal efficiencies were all over 85%. Analysis of 16S rRNA gene-cloning indicates that the main microbial population in the ANAMMOX enrichment culture was changed from Candidatus Brocadiafulgid and Candidatus Brocadia brasiliensis (0 day) to Candidatus Jettenia asiatica (185 day). Fluorescence in situ hybridization analysis shows that the relative abundance of ANAMMOX bacteria was increased from (57.69 ± 4.79)% to (83.32 ± 4.40)%. The results of qPCR further indicate that the gene copies of ANAMMOX bacteria in the granules were increased from 1.14 x 10(11) copies/g wet weight to 3.69 x 10(11) copies/g wet weight.
Ammonia ; chemistry ; Anaerobiosis ; Bacteria ; classification ; Bioreactors ; microbiology ; In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence ; Nitrites ; chemistry ; Nitrogen ; chemistry ; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S ; Sewage ; microbiology

Objective To investigate the effect of mitogen activated protein kinase / extracellular signal-regulated kinase (MEK / ERK)1 / 2 signaling pathway on early brain injury (EBI)following experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH)in rats. Methods Sixty male SD rats were randomly divided into a control group and a 1,6,12,24,48,or 72 h group after SAH modeling. SAH + MEK inhibitor U0126 was used to intervene the 24,48,and 72 h groups (a total of 10 groups;n = 6 in each group). In
addition to the control group,blood was injected into the cisterna magna of the rats to induce a SAH model in another 9groups. The blood samples were taken from infraorbital venous plexus. Enzyme-linked immune sorbent assay (ELISA)was used to detect the levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6),IL-1β,and tumor necrosis factor α(TNF-α)in each group. Evans blue content in brain tissue was used to evaluate the blood-brain barrier damage. Western blot was used to detect the levels of phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinase (p-ERK1/ 2)and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9)proteins in basilar artery tissue,and compared them. Results Compared with the control group at the same time points,there were significant differences in the levels of IL-6 and IL-1β at 6,12,24,48,and 72h after modeling in the SAH group (all P <0. 05). At 12,24, 48,and 72 h after modeling,the expression levels of p-ERK1/ 2 protein of the basilar artery tissue of the SAH group were 0. 73 ± 0. 09,0. 85 ± 0. 12,0. 94 ± 0. 09,and 0. 96 ± 0. 09,respectively,they were significantly higher than those of the control group (all P < 0. 05). At 48 and 72 h after modeling in the SAH group,the level of MMP-9 protein was significantly higher than that in the control group (1. 27 ± 0. 15 vs. 0. 68 ± 0. 08,2. 41 ± 0. 11 vs. 0. 71 ± 0. 14). At 72 h after modeling,the Evans blue content in brain tissue of the SAH group was significantly higher than that of the control group (15. 3 ± 2. 2 μg/ g vs. 2. 7 ± 0. 4 μg/ g). After giving the MEK inhibitor U0126 intervention,the levels of serum IL-6,IL-1β,and TNF-α at 24,48, and 72 h after modeling,and the expression levels of p-ERK1 / 2 and MMP-9 proteins at 48 and 72 h (p-ERK1 / 2:0. 76 ± 0. 07,0. 81 ± 0. 06;MMP-9:0. 92 ± 0. 14,1. 79 ± 0. 16),and the Evans blue content (8. 9 ± 1. 7 μg / g)in brain tissue at 72 h after modeling were significantly lower than those of the SAH group (P < 0. 05). Conclusion The MEK/ ERK1/ 2 signal pathway may be closely associated with the inflammatory reaction and blood-brain barrier damage after SAH,which suggests that the intervention of the MEK/ ERK1 / 2 signal pathway may be a potential target for the prevention of early brain injury after SAH.

Objective To discuss the MRI features and its clinical significance of bone contusion in knee joint.Methods MR images of injuries of knee in 40 cases were retrospectively analyzed,the complications were reviewed simultaneously.Results 69 lesions of bone contusion in 40 cases were discovered,of them,Ⅰ type was in 38 and Ⅱ type was in 31, in company with fractures were 24 in 22 cases and ligament injury was in 33 cases.Conclusion The present of bone contusion is prompt to the bone injuries,MRI is of significant value in showing bone contusion and its complications in knee.

Objective To analysis the effects of Ang-(1-7) on the blood brain barrier permeability after subarachnoid hemor-rhage .Methods SAH-rats were produced by two times injection of blood into cisterna magna .Evans blue was used to detect the the permeability of SAH-rats brains and brain water content .RT-PCR and Western blot were performed to measure the expression of adhesion protein ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 in brains of SAH-rats .The artificial hemorrhagic cerebrospinal fluid (BCSF) was used to stimulate vascular endothelial cells (HBMEC) ,and the proliferation and apoptosis of HBMEC cell were analyzed .Results Ang-(1-7) reduced the content of Evans blue and brain water in brains of SAH-rats in dose and time dependent manner with the most sig-nificant change under the treatment of 10 - 5 mol/L Ang-(1-7) for 24 h (P< 0 .05) .Under the above condition ,the mRNA and pro-tein levels of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 in brains of SAH-rats were significantly up-regulated (P< 0 .05) ,while the content of Evans blue in HBMEC cells stimulated by BCSF was obviously reduced .Besides ,Ang-(1-7) was observed to increase the expression of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 in BCSF-stimulated HBMEC cells ,enhance the proliferation of HBMEC cells but reduce their apoptosis . Conclusion Ang-(1-7) plays a protective role in the blood-brain barrier damage induced by subarachnoid hemorrhage .

Objective: To investigate the prevalence and molecular characteristics of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) in a large dairy farm and market-sold raw livestock meats in Suzhou City, so as to provide the evidence for evaluating human health risks of STEC. Methods: Bovine stool samples and breeding environmental samples were collected from a large dairy farm in Suzhou City, and beef, pork and mutton samples were collected from markets in Suzhou City. STEC strains were isolated and virulence genes were characterized in STEC strains using quantitative fluorescence PCR assay. The sensitivity to common antibiotics was tested using the broth microdilution plate method, and the genotypes of STEC were characterized using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). Results: A total of 624 samples were collected, including 110 adult cow stool samples, 170 calf stool samples, 60 farm environmental samples, 126 beef samples, 100 minced beef samples, 15 pork samples, 15 minced pork samples, 18 mutton samples and 10 ground mutton samples. A total of 12 non-O157 STEC strains were isolated, with a detection rate of 1.92%, and the detection rates of non-O157 STEC strains were 4.12%, 1.59% and 3.00% in calf stool samples, beef samples and minced beef samples, respectively, while non-O157 STEC strains were not detected in adult cow stool samples, environmental samples, pork samples, minced pork samples, mutton samples, or minced mutton samples. Among the 12 STEC strains, there were 4 strains carrying stx1 gene, 4 strains carrying stx2 gene and 4 strains carrying stx1 and stx2 genes. The 12 STEC strains showed the highest prevalence of resistance to ampicillin, ampicillin/sulbactam, cefotaxime and cefazoline (all were 41.67%), and were sensitive to imithiomycin, polymyxin, azithromycin, cefoxitin and ciprofloxacin, and there were 5 strains with multidrug resistance (41.67%). The 12 STEC strains were characterized with 11 genotypes and had no unique gene fingerprint patterns, with the Dice similarity coefficient ranging from 61.3% to 92.7%. Conclusions The detection of non-O157 STEC strains is high in calf stools, and non-O157 STEC strains show a level of resistance to common antibiotics and present molecular polymorphisms. The monitoring and management of STEC strains should be strengthened.

OBJECTIVE:To observe the effecacy and safety of using cefotaxime using different doses in perioprative period on the prevention of postoperative infection of lung cancer resection. METHODS:61 patients with non-small cell lung cancer who re-ceived lung cancer resection were retrospectively analyzed divided into cefotaxime 2 g group(26 cases) and cefotaxime 4 g group (35 cases)according to dosage. Cefotaxime 2 g group was treated with Cefotaxime for injetion 2 g 30 min before operation,add-ing into 0.9% sodium chloride injection 100 ml,by intravenous infusion,if the operation time was more than 3 h,cefotaxime 2 g was intravenously infused during operation and cefotaxime 2 g was intravenously infused after operation,interval of 12 h was re-quired for preoperative and postoperative medication time and the total medication time was no more than 48 h. Cefotaxime 4 g group was treated with Cefotaxime for injection 4 g(the usage was the same as cefotaxime 2 g group). Leukocyte,hemoglobin,al-bumin,infection rate and incidence of adverse reactions in 2 groups before and after operation were observed. RESULTS:There was no significant difference in the infection rates between 2 groups(P>0.05). Leukocyte,hemoglobin and albumin in 2 groups were significantly lower than before,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05),however,there was no significant dif-ference between 2 groups(P>0.05). There were no obvious adverse reactions during treatment. CONCLUSIONS:Small dose of ce-fotaxime has good prevention effect on the postoperative infection of non-small cell lung cancer,with good safety,which meets the principles of rational use of antibiotics.