Objective:To investigate the expression of estrogen receptor(ER) and interleukin-6(IL-6) in the intra-cardiac ganglia of rats and to identify the coexistence of these two proteins in the intra-cardiac ganglia.Methods:The double labeling techniques of immunocytochemical staining were conducted in the study.Results:There were three immunoreactively-labeled neurons in the ganglia.The ER-staining was showed brown in color,locating in the nucleus;IL-6 staining was showed red in color,locating in the cytoplasm;there were ER/ IL-6 double-labeled cells in same section,which accounted for about 20% to 30 %of the total single and double labeled neurons.Conclusion:ER and IL-6 can coexist in same rat intra-cardiac ganglia cells.Therefore,it provides morphological evidence for the theory about immune-neuro-endocrine network at the cellular level.

Objective:To study the expression and variance of interleukin-6(IL-6)and nerve growth factor positive neurons in the intrinsic cardiac ganglia of females that were intact,females that were ovariectomized,or ovariectomized females that were treated with 17?-estradiol.Methods:Immunohistochemical staining technique.Results:IL-6-IR and NGF-IR neurons were presented in the intrinsic cardiac ganglia of these groups,but the number of the IL-6-IR neurons increased remarkably and their expression increased obviously in the intracardiac ganglia of ovariectomized rats,while the number of the NGF-IR neurons decreased remarkably and their expression reduced obviously in the intracardiac ganglia of ovariectomized rats.Conclusion:IL-6 and NGF are present in rat intrinsic cardiac ganglionic cells and they are also influenced by estrogen,suggesting that 17?-estradiol may have the capacity to regulate the expression of IL-6 and NGF in intrinsic cardiac ganglia.

BACKGROUND: Early rehabilitation following total knee replacement has arisen more attention. The aim of continuous passive joint motion is to recover knee function, prevent anchylosis, accelerate blood and synovia circulation, therefore, enhance tissue repair. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy of continuous passive joint motion following total knee replacement. METHODS: Totally 48 patients, who underwent artificial total knee arthroplasty at the Department of Orthopedics, Center Hospital of Minhang District, Shanghai Ruikang Hospital Group and Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, 309~(th) Hospital of Chinese PLA between December 2007 and October 2009 were selected. The patients were randomly divided into the experimental and control groups, with 24 cases in each group. The isometric contraction of qudraceps muscles, combined with physical agent assistant, was performed prior to total knee replacement. Patients in the experimental group was received continuous passive joint motion training at day 2 after operation, with 5°-10°increasing per day. Patients in the control group were treated with conventional methods. The knee functional score, and visual analog scale (VAS) was performed to evaluate knee functions and pains, in addition, perimeter between two legs; and range of motion were measured. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The knee functional score, VAS, perimeter between two legs, and range of motion were similar prior to and after total knee replacement (P > 0.05). Compared to the control group, the knee functional score of the experimental group was dramatically increased at days 3 and weeks 2 after operation (P < 0.01), the VAS and perimeter between two legs were significantly declined (P < 0.01), the range of motion was obvious improved after replacement, with greater excellent rate (P < 0.01). There was no deep venous thrombosis or infections. The results demonstrated that early rehabilitation following knee replacement is conductive to easing pain, eliminating swelling, and enhancing knee stability.

Objective To study the existence and variance of nerve growth factor positive neurons in the intrinsic cardiac ganglia of adult (3 months) and old (15 months) rats. Method Immunohistochemical staining technique. Results NGF positive neurons exist in the intrinsic cardiac ganglia of the adult and old rats, but these neurons decreased remarkably and NGF expression reduced obviously in the cardiac ganglia of old rats.Conclusions The find of NGF positive neurons in the posterior wall of atria provides morphologic evidence for the normal existence and the decreasing of NGF related with age in the cardiac ganglia.It also indicates that the degeneration of heart function may correlate closely to the expression of NGF.

Objective To explore whether glycyrrhizin has protective effect on acute liver injury in mice by NF‐κB signaling pathway .Methods Totally 200 Kunming mice which the body weight were about 29 -30 g were chose and divided into 4 groups randomly ,50 cases in each group .The first group was the control group;the second group was acute liver injury group induced by CCl4 ;the third group was injected with Stronger Neo‐Minophagen C(SNMC) injection on the basis of second groups;the fourth group was treated with NF‐κB inhibitor (proDTC) on the basis of the third group .After 1 ,3 ,5 d treatment ,the serum expressing levels of ALT ,AST ,total bilirubin ,albumin of mice and prothrombin time were detected ,the Child‐Pugh score was calculated ,and the pathological observation was performed .Results The results showed that ,compared to the first group ,after CCl4 treatment ,the expressing levels of AST ,ALT ,total bilirubin and albumin ,the PT and Child Pugh score all were significantly increased(P<0 .05) , which indicated that the acute liver injury model induced by CCl4 was successfully established .After the treatment of SNMT (CCl4 +SNMT) in mice ,although the level of each index did not return to normal level ,with the extension of treatment time ,the level of each index was also significantly reduced (P<0 .05) .At the same time ,this effect could be reversed by NF‐κB inhibitor proDTC .Conclusion SNMT plays a significantly protective role in acute liver injury via regulating NF‐κB signaling pathway .

BACKGROUND:Most foreign and domestic studies on the effect of androgen receptor(AR) on cardiovascular system are limited to myocardium.However,cardiac nervous system plays an important role in the cardiac functional regulation.OBJECFIVE:To observe the AR protein and mRNA expressions in intracardiac ganglia of male orchidectomized rats,to investigate whether androgen affects the expressions,and to make a comparison with normal rats and testosterone-substituted rats after orchiectomy.DESIGN:A randomized controlled experiment.SETTING:Department of Anatomy,Medical College,Wuhan University of Science and Technology;Department of Anatomy,Tongji Medical College,Huazhong University of Science and Technology.MATERIALS:This study was carried out in the Department of Anatomy,Medical College,Wuhan University of Science and Technology between January and May 2003.Sixty healthy adult male Wistar rats,with body mass of 150 to 250g,were provided by the Animal Experimental Center,Tongji Medical College,Huazhong University of Science and Technology.METHODS:Sixty rats were randomized into 3 groups:①Control group,in which,testicles of rats were untouched.②Orchiectomy group,in which,bilateral testicles of rats were dissected.③Testosterone group,in which,the orchidectomized rats were injected with testosterone,0.2 mg once,once every 3 days,3 weeks totally.AR protein and its mRNA expressions in intracardiac ganglia of male orchidectomized rats were detected by immunohistochemical method and in situ hybridization method.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:The positive rate of AR-positive cells in intracardiac ganglia (the number of positive cells/the number of total cells×100%)and its mean absorbance.RESULTS:All the 60 rats were involved in the final analysis.AR-positive nerve cells were found in all the intracardiac ganglia of atrial posterior wall in the 3 groups;The positive rate of AR protein and mRNA positive nerve cells in intracardiac ganglia and its mean absorbance were significantly lower in the orchiectomy group than in the control group and in the testosterone group (P＜0.05).But no obvious differences in the positive rate and mean absorbance existed between testosterone group and control group(P＞0.05).CONCLUSION:AR exists in the intracardiac ganglia of atrial posterior wall,and it is regulated by androgen.

Objective To explore the effects of C-pseudonucleosides bearing thiazolidin-4-one as immunostimulants on differentiation and activation of human lymphocytes. Methods Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were isolated from healthy adults,and then incubated with immunostimulants (CH1a,CH2a,CH1b,CH2b and pidotimod).After 48 h,we collected the supernatants and then detected the concentrations of IL-2,IL-4 and IFN-γ using ELISA.After 72 h,the proliferation was detected using MTT method.PBMC incubated with immunostimulants (CH1a,CH2a,CH1b,CH2b and pidotimod),after 72 h,the cultural cells were collected and CD expressions of lymphocytes were analyzed by flow cytometry.Results All samples could stimulate proliferation of T cells.Immunostimulants CH1a,CH2a and pidotimod could elevate the expressions of CD3,CD4,CD19 and CD16CD56,and stimulate the secretions of IL-2 and IFN-γ. Immunostimulants CH1b and CH2b could elevate the expressions of CD3,CD4,CD19 and CD16CD56,and stimulate the secretions of IL-2 and IL-4. Conclusion Immunostimulants CH1a and CH2a could differentiate Th0 into Th1 and promote the proliferation of B cells as well as NK cells.However,immunostimulants CH1b and CH2b could differentiate Th0 into Th2 and promote the proliferation of B cells and NK cells.

Objective To implement the harmonization of thyroid-stimulating hormone(TSH) of Mindray assay system by par-ticipating in harmonization research program of International Federation of Clinical Chemistry (IFCC)-Standardization of Thyroid Function Tests(C-STFT ) .Methods A total of three combinations of TSH reagents and calibrators were used to measure 20 serum samples of healthy human .Within-run precision and batch-to-batch variation were assessed .The concept of harmonization was dem-onstrated by comparing our test results with All Procedure Trimmed Mean (APTM ) provided by IFCC and recalibrating with Mater Calibrators .Results The within-run precision was 1 .96% ,batch-to-batch variation was 0 .47% - 1 .15% ,depending on the level of TSH analyte .There existed a positive bias compared to APTM values .After recalibration with Mater Calibrators and Passing &Bablok regression ,the slope of method comparison was 1 .0 ,and correlation coefficient was more than 0 .975 .Conclusion By using a panel of real human specimen and recalibration based on APTM ,the test results of Mindray assay system could be harmonized with mainstream manufacturers globally .

ObjectiveTo investigate the shoulder-hand syndrome complicated in stroke patients discharged from hospital and effects of intervention for it on motor function.Methods112 stroke patients discharged from hospital were divided into treatment group and control group. The treatment group received intervention to provent and treat the shoulder-hand syndrome. They were assessed with Fugl-Meyer assessment, Barthel index 15 d, 1 month, 3 month, and 6 month after discharged, and the incidence of shoulder-hand syndrome were recorded. ResultsThe scores of Fugl-Meyer Assessment and Barthel Index were significant difference between these 2 groups (P<0.01). The incidence of shoulder-hand syndrome increased with time. ConclusionShoulder-hand syndrome may occur within 6 months after stroke. It is important to develop an effective prevention, treatment and rehabilitation to deal with it.

ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of pneumatic circulation treatment on lower extremity swelling and blood flow velocity after hip replacement.Methods48 patients after hip replacement were divided into two groups: treatment group (n=24) and control group (n=24). The treatment group received pneumatic circulation treatment and continuous passive motion, while the control group only received continuous passive motion 2 d after operation, all patients wearing elastic stockings. Circumference of the affected leg was measured and Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) was assessed, and Doppler ultrasonography was to check the blood flow velocity of femoral and deep veins in lower limb before, 3 d and 7 d after rehabilitation.ResultsThere was no difference in circumference, VAS, and the lower limb blood flow velocity between the two groups before operation (P>0.05). There was significant difference in circumference and VAS 3 d after treatment (P<0.01), and a significant difference in circumference and blood flow velocity (P<0.01) but no difference in VAS (P>0.05) 7 d after treatment between the two groups.ConclusionPneumatic circulation treatment may facilitate to eliminate lower extremity swelling and prevent deep vein thrombosis after total hip replacement.