Objective To investigate the effect of intracoronary application of tirofiban on coronary slow flow patients with acute myocardial infarction during primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPC1).Method It was a retrospective analysis of 187 patients with acute myocardial infarction treated with PPCI in the emergency department of Beijing Anzhen Hospital enrolled in this study from January,2008 through January,2011.The patients divided into 2 groups in terms of intra-coronary administration of tirofiban (tirofiban group) and intra-coronary use of nitroglycerol (control group).Data were statistically analyzed by using SPSS 13.0 software.Categorical variables were analyzed using x2 test and continuous variables were compared by t test.Results Between two groups,there were no differences in preoperative systolic pressure (P =0.245),the rate of TIMI flow 3 (P =0.568) after PPCI and ST segment resolution (P =0.824),LVEF (P =0.275) and in-hospital mortality (P =0.502).Compared with tirofiban group,the systolic pressure was lower and the rate of using intra-aortic counter-pulsation was higher in control group.Although the incidence of slight bleeding in the control group was lower than that in the tirofiban group,no severe bleeding was observed in both groups.Conclusions The effect of intracoronary use of tirofiban was similar to that of nitroglycerol in terms of improving slow flow of coronary artery.It could safely and effectively reduce the incidence of the coronary slow flow in the patients after PPCI,but it produced a little impact on systolic pressure.It may be a better method of choice for AMI patient with low blood pressure.

Purpose This paper was to investigate the correlation between in vitro and in situ methods for propafenone transnasal absorption.MethodsUsing excised sheep nasal mucosa permeation test in vitro and rat nasal infusion test in situ. By means of changing the medium pH, drug conoentration, and forming β-cyclodextrin inclusion compound, the permeability coeffident (Pm), mean permeation rate, and permeation fraction were determined in vitro. Under the corresponding conditions the absorption rate oostant(k ) ,mean absorption rate and absorption fraction in situ were also detrmined.ResultsThe linear regression coefficient indicated that,under the various experimental conditions,a good in vitro-in situ correlation could be confirmed.ConclusionsHaving an in vitro-in situ correlation is useful for scientific justifying the different methods for nasal absorption studies.

Objective:To evaluate the antimicrobial effectiveness of Zhenzhu Mingmu eye drops according to the requirements de-scribed in Chinese pharmacopoeia (2010 edition). Methods:Totally 7 batches of Zhenzhu Mingmu eye drops from 7 enterprises were evaluated. All the samples were tested according to the requirements described in Chinese pharmacopoeia, and the testing points of 6h and 24h were added. Results:As for bacteria, the reduction value of staphylococcus aureus in 7 days treated with Zhenzhu Mingmu eye drops from enterprise e was 0. 61g, and that in 14 days was 1. 01g. That in 7 days treated with the eye drops from the other enter-prises was all above 1. 01g, that in 14 days was above 3. 01g, and that in 14-28 days kept stable. As for fungi, the number was stable from the beginning with the treatment of the eye drops from the seven enterprises. Conclusion:Although the type and content of bacte-riostatic agent in domastic Zhenzhu Mingmu eye drops are the same, there is difference in the antimicrobial effectiveness of the product from different enterprise. The eye drops from one enterprise can't meet the requirements for type I product described in Chinese pharma-copoeia,and the others meet the requirements.

Objective To investigate the possible effects on radiosensitivity in human umbilical vein endothelial cells after transfection of pcDNA3.1+Ape1 plasmid. Methods The expressing vector pcDNA3.1+ Ape1, the control vector pcDNA3.1+or non-transfection cells was irradiated by 2, 4, 6, and 8 Gy photon beam at 48 h post-transfection. The value of initial and residual Oliver tail moment (OTM) under the alkaline single cell gelelectrophoresis assay and the colony forming test were utilized as the markers for the evaluaton of cells intrinsic radiosensitivity. The effect on radiosensitivity in human umbilical vein endothelial cells after transfection of the expressing vector pcDNA3.1+Ape1 was analyzed according to the radio-dose, compared to the empty vecor control and non-transfection cells. Results The initial and residual OTM value of endothelial cells transfected by 3 μg pcDNA3.1+Ape1 plasmid was lower significantly than ones of endothelial cells untransfected at 2 Gy irradiation (P<0.01), but was no significant difference at 8 Gy (P>0.05), and SF2 was higher remarkably in transfected cells than one in untransfected cells (P<0.05), but SF4, SF6 and SF8 were no significant differences (all of P>0.05). Conclusions The transfection of pcDNA3.1+Ape1 plasmid could enhance radioresistance of endothelial cells to the low-dose irradiation.

Objective To summarize the nursing key points of one patient of external ankle foot of gout patients with purulent infection which caused by gout stone burst in order to provide reference for the similar case. Methods Using silver dressing for local treatment of gout during wound, on the basis of control the basic diseases, local wound treatment focus was mainly reflected in: infection control, fluid management and wound debridement. Results After 86 days of treatment. The wound had already healed. Conclusions Rational use of silver dressing gout can promote wound healing and relieve the pain of patients.

OBJECTIVE:To prepare and characterize capreomycin sulfate liposomes(CSL).METHODS:Capreomycin sulfate was entrapped into liposomes using active loading that pH gradient methods,ammonium sulfate gradient methods and sodium acetate gradient methods respectively followed by lyophilization technique.The liposome was characterized by entrapment efficiency,particle size,? potential and the stability.RESULTS:The entrapment efficiency of CSL pre-and post-lyophilization prepared by three methods were 65.7% and 65.2 %,20.1% and 18.6%,34.6% and 32.4%,with particle size of 136 and 145 nm,144 and 153 nm,142 and 159 nm,? potential of —20.2 and —19.5 mV,—24.4 and —22.9 mV,—18.7 and —17.8 mV respectively.No obvious changes were found in all the indexes in the stability test.CONCLUSIONS:The pH gradient technique is suitable for preparing CSL in 3 kinds of methods.

Despite seminal studies in the 1920s by Warburg showing a characteristic metabolic pattern for tumors, cancer bioenergetics has otfen been relegated to the backwaters of cancer biology. Recent studies have shown that metabolism in the tumor tissue is far more complicated than we previously knew. Despite vigorous glycolysis, in fact, the tumor tissue still retains mitochondrial aerobic metabolism. Mitochondria is one of the main sites of the biosynthesis process of tumor cells. Recent studies revealed that abnormal fatty acid metabolism. Amino acid metabolism plays a key role in the tumorigenesis. The metabolic network in tumor cells was reprogrammed, leading to nutrition lfux reorganization and re-direction. Metabolism reprogramming in tumor cells facilitates the balance between the needs of energy supply and the synthesis of biological macromolecules. Targeting cell metabolism is not intended to interfere the energy supply of tumor cells but to affect the synthesis of metabolic rate, thereby inhibiting the proliferation of the tumor. hTe review focuses on the importance of metabolic reprogramming in tumor development and cancer therapy. We summarize what is currently known about metabolic reprogramming and establish a framework to understanding its contribution to the altered metabolism of cancer cells.

Objective To analyze the distribution and subcellular localization of NOR1 alternative splice isoforms in human tissues and cell lines. Methods NOR1 open reading frame(ORF) was amplified from human fetal brain cDNA library and subcloned into pCMV/myc vector. The level of NOR1 mRNA in human tissues was determined by real-time RT-PCR. Region spanning exon 2 was amplified from cDNA or genomic DNA by specific primers and sequenced. The expression plasmids of NOR1 were transfected into cells and immunofluoresence assay was performed to determine the subcellular localization of NOR1 protein isoforms in human cells. Results The expression of NOR1 mRNA was high in human adult testis, moderate in human fetus nasopharynx, trachea, brain, and kidney tissues, and weak or undetectable in other tissues. Two splice variants of human NOR1 gene resulted from alternative splicing at exon 2 were identified. Both of isoform 1 and isoform 2 mRNA were detected in human fetus brain. Isoform 2 was the sole isoform in other tissues but brain. Only isoform 2 mRNA was detected in cell lines used in this study, though no genomic deletion of exon 2 could be found in all these cell lines. Immunofluoresence assay showed both isoform 1 and isoform 2 proteins were distributed in cytoplasm. Conclusion Alternative splice isoforms of tumor suppressor gene NOR1 are identified. NOR1 isoform 1 and isoform 2 are both detected in fetus brain. NOR1 isoform 2 lacking of exon 2 is the sole isoform in multiple tissues except for brain. The exon 2 encoded peptide does not affect the subcellular location of NOR1 protein.

Objective To find the factors lowering the rate of effective thrombus aspiration in patients with STsegment elevation acute myocardial infarction (STEMI) treated with primary percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI). Method From January to December 2008 , a total of 226 AMI patients from Beijing Anzhen Hospital,treated with primary PCI to aspirate the thrombus from the infracted coronary artery via a cannula, were enrolled in a single center retrospective study. The criterion of successful thrombectomy (device success) was defined as the coronary blood flow of involved vessel after PCI resumed to greater than TIMI grade 1. One hundred seventy-eight patients were assigned to effective thrombus aspiration group, and 48 patients without improvement in coronary blood flow of involved vessel after PCI to control group. Data collected after PCI including the normalization of the elevated ST segment,the use of direct stent, ratio of no-flow/slow flow, intra-coronary administration of Tirofiban and the rate of thrombolysis in myocardial infarction (TIMI) flow grade 3 were analyzed with logistic analysis soas to find out the factors affecting the efficacy of thrombus aspiration. Results There were no significant differences in data before PCI between two groups ( P ＞0.05). Compared with the control group, the factors studied such as smoke, diabetes, the rate of pre-PCI TIMI flow grade 0,the post-PCI ratio of no-reflow/slow flow,and the intra-coronary administration of Tirofiban were fewer significantly in the effective thrombus aspiration group. And the rate of post-PCI TIMI flow grade 3, and the rate of direct stent were higher in the effective thrombus aspiration group. Logistic analysis showed that smoke ( OR = 1.551,95%CI: 1.018 ～ 2. 154, P = 0.012), diabetes ( OR = 1. 132,95%CI:0.276 ～ 3.562, P =0.044), and pre-PCI TIMI flow grade 0 OR = 0.544,95%CI:0.368 ～ 1.911,P = 0.035) were independent factors of effective thrombus aspiration. Conclusions Effective thrombus aspiration may improved the coronary blood flow to TIMI flow grade 3 after PCI and reduce the impaiment of myocardial perfusion, and the factors affecting the efficacy of thrombus aspiration should be paid more attention to and should be minimized to achieve the better clinical outcomes.

Objective To explore the changes in cardiac index and oxygenation index in sepsis piglets after nitric oxide (NO) gas inhalation. Methods A piglet model of sepsis was induced by intravenous infusion of Gram-negative bacterial endotoxin (LPS), then the piglets were randomly divided into two groups. NO group (n=8) was administered with inhaled nitric oxide of 80ppm via volume control (VC) mechanical ventilation for one hour, while the control group (n = 4) received mechanical ventilation with VC and was observed for one hour to assess the stability of the model. The parameters of oxygenation and hemodynamics were measured by PICCO and arterial blood gas analysis every fifteen minutes for one hour. Results Injection of endotoxin induced a stable pig model of sepsis. PH, HCO3-, arterial oxygen pressure (PaO2), mean arterial pressure (MAP) and cardiac index in this model were significantly lower the baseline values (P < 0.01). Arterial oxygen pressure and cardiac index were significantly higher in N0 group than in the control group (P<0.01). Heart rate (HR), central venous pressure (CVP), global end-diastolic volume index (GEDI) and intrathoracic blood volume index (ITBI) did not significantly differ between NO group and the control group. Conclusions Inhalation of nitric oxide gas can significantly improve oxygenation and cardiac function in piglets with sepsis.