Objective To investigate the association between obesity and benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH).Methods A total of 253 men (>40 year old) with no obesity related diseases were selected.Medical history,height,body weight,waist circumference (WC),body fat ratio,blood pressure,fasting blood glucose,blood lipid and prostate ultrasound were evaluated.The participants were then assigned to the normal group (body mass index 18.5 to 23.9 kg/m2),overweight group (24.0 to 27.9 kg/m2) and obesity group (≥28 kg/m2).The subjects were also divided into the normal group (WC<85 cm) and abdominal obesity group (WC≥85 cm) or normal group (body fat ratio≤25%) and excessive body fat ratio group (>25%).Prostate volume was analyzed in each group.Results The prostate volume was significantly different between the normal body mass index group and overweight or obesity groups,normal WC group and abdominal obesity group,and normal body fat ratio group and excessive body fat ratio group.The prostate volume was increased in individuals with higher body mass index,WC and body fat ratio.Of those with body mass index≥24 kg/m2 and normal WC or body fat ratio,the incidence of BPH was not significantly increased.Conclusion Obesity may be a risk factor for BPH; individuals with increased WC and body fat ratio may have a higher risk of BPH.

Objective To investigate the efficacy and safety of using stereotactic radiotherapy (SRT) technique for conducting re-therapy after thoracic tumor radiotherapy.Methods Thirty-eight patientswith SRT after receiving thoracic conventional radiotherapy (RT) in our hospital from July 2012 to November 2014 were selected.The treatment target area included the lung local primary lesion,recurrent lesions and lung metastasis tumor.Results Median dose of previous RT was 48 Gy (30-56 Gy).Median biologically equivalent effective dose (alpha/beta=10.0,BED10) of receiving SRT was 62 Gy (39-72 Gy).Median follow up time was 12.30 months;1-,2-year local progression-free survival (LPFS) was 76.32％ and 63.16 ％ respectively.Median recurrence-free (RFS) and overall survival (OS) were 13.20 months and 21.00 months respectively.Grade 2 and 3 pulmonary toxicity was 15.79 ％ and 7.89 ％ respectively.Other grade 2-4 toxicities adverse reactions included chest pain (15.79 ％),fatigue (18.42 ％) and skin lesion(2.63％).No grade 5 toxic injury occurred.Conclusion SRT can be safely and effectively used in the patients previously receiving thoracic RT.

Objective To clone and express surface antigen SAG4 gene of Toxoplasma gondii, and analyze its immunoreactivity. Methods Specific primers were designed based on the reported SAG4 gene of T. gondii RH strain (GenBank Accession No: AF340224.1). Using genomic DNA from T. gondii as templates, SAG4 gene was amplified by PCR. The PCR product was cloned into pMD19-T vector and identified by digestion with restriction enzyme and PCR. Then the target fragment was subcloned into pET28a(+) vector, transformed into E. coli BL21 and followed by expression of the protein induced by IPTG. The protein was identified by Western blotting. Results The target gene was amplified with the length of 537 bp. Sequence analysis showed that the predicted amino acid sequence was identical with that of SAG4 as a membrane protein in T. gondii. After induced by IPTG, the recombinant SAG4 protein existed in an inclusion body form. The recombinant SAG4 (Mr 18 740) was recognized by serum of infected mice. Conclusion SAG4 has been expressed and shows certain immuno-response activity.

OBJECTIVE:To promote rational drug use clinically. METHODS:Sampling rate of prescriptions in outpatient and emergency departments was no less than 1‰ of total prescriptions and no less than 100 prescriptions were reviewed every month;the sampling rate (according to the hospital records of discharge) of ward (district) doctor’s advice was no less than 1% and no less than 30 prescriptions were reviewed every month. According to drugs evaluation indicators of rational drug use,the prescrip-tions were analyzed statistically,immediate intervention and administrative intervention were adopted for irrational prescriptions and medical orders. RESULTS:The average qualified rate of outpatient prescriptions was 97.86%and 0.92%was non-standard prescrip-tions,1.20% was inappropriate prescriptions and 0.01% was extraordinary prescriptions. The non-standard prescriptions in the sec-ond half year were significantly lowered,with statistical significance(P<0.05). The inappropriate usage and dosage was not effec-tively controlled. The average qualified rate of medical orders was 96.30% and drug replacement withont any reference and incom-plete diagnosis in the second half year were significantly lowered,with statistical significance(P<0.05). The utilization rate of an-tibiotics in emergency department was 41.51%and the other indicators were basic standard. The qualified rate of Majing drugs’pre-scriptions was 81.60%and non-standard prescriptions accounted for 88.37%in the irrational prescriptions. CONCLUSIONS:Imme-diate intervention and administrative intervention have achieved some success. Immediate intervention has mainly reduced the non-standard prescriptions and administrative intervention has controlled some specific irrational prescriptions.

Objective To investigate how vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) up-regulates intercellular adhesion molecule-1 via protein kinase C(PKC)/ nitric oxide(NO) pathway in the retina of diabetic rats.Methods All the rats were divided into 4 groups: normal,diabetes,diabetes+PKCI and control groups.Diabetes was induced by an intraperitoneal injection of STZ.PKC inhibitor GF109203X was injected intravitreally after 5 months of streptozotocin induced diabetes.NO was determined by nitrate reductase method.VEGF and intercellular adhesion molecule-1(ICAM-1) were measured by Western blot.Results VEGF and NO expressions increased obviously in the retina of diabetic rats compared with those in the normal group(P

Objective To investigate the ex pr ession of squamous cell carcinoma antigen (SCC-Ag) and carcinoembryanic antigen (CEA) and its clinical significance in patients with lung cancer. Meth ods The pre-treatment serum from 134 patients with lung cancer from 1998 to 2002 were analyzed for the SCC-Ag level and CEA level by IMX, and the correlation of the SCC-Ag level and CEA level with the clinicopathologic charac teristics were also detected. Results Significant correlations were found between the pre -treatment SCC-Ag level, and CEA level and the pathologic classification, clin ical stage, the positive rate of diagnosing lung cancer was raised by combined a ssay with serum SCC-Ag and CEA. Conclusion Pre-treatment and after-treatment measurement of serum SCC-Ag level and CEA level can be used for diagnosis, prediction of pr ognosis and monitor of after-treatment recurrence in patients with lung cancer.

Objective To investigate the clinical significa nc e and the relationship between the serum squamous cell carcinoma antigen (SCC-A g) levels and the biological characteristics in patients with cervical carcinoma . Methods The pre-post-treatment sera from 500 patients w ith cervical carcinoma from 1998 to 2002 were analyzed for the SCC-Ag levels by IMX; and the correlation between the SCC-Ag level and the clinicopathologic ch aracteristics were also detected. Results Significant corre lation was found between the pre-treatment SCC-Ag level and pathologic classif ication, and clinical stage (P0.05); The pre-treatm ent SCC-Ag level is significantly higher than that of post-treatment (P

Objective To investigate the expression of carbohrdyate antigen (CA153 ) and carcinoembryanic antigen(CEA) ,and itsclinical significance in the patients with breast cancer.Methods The sera CA153,CEA levels were determined by IMX in 30 healthypersons,52 patients with benign breast diseases and 208 patients with breast cancer from 1998 to 2002 ,the correlation between the CA153,CEA level and the clinical characteristics was also detected.Results In the patients with breast cancer, the level of serum CA153 and CEA was significant higher in pre-treatment than that in post-treatment(P

BACKGROUND: Neuroleptic agents are effective in treating Tourette syndrome (TS). Side effects such as acute myodystonia and oculogyric crisis as well as the risk of delayed dyskinesia have led to search for alternative therapy.OBJECTIVE: To explore the effects of metoclopramide in controlling the symptoms of TS and improving the intelligence and memory function without causing extrapyramidal side effects.DESIGN: Randomized controlled trial and blind method.SETTING: Neurological Department of Xiangya Hospital Affiliated to Central South University; Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Hunan Province; Neurological Department of the First People's Hospital of Nanning City; Public Health College of Central South University.PARTICIPANTS: Fifty patients with TS came from Tic Specialty Clinic,Neurological Department of Xiangya Hospital, between January 2000 and June 2001. Patients and their family members agreed toaccept our medical treatment and reexamination on fixed dates. There were 38 males and 12 females aged 5-21 years with the mean age of (10.4±4.2) years. All of them were divided into metoclopramide group and haloperidol group with 25 in each group.METHODS: Metoclopramide and haloperidol were white tablets bottled without tag (100 tablets of white color medicine in each bottle). The two types of medicine in each bottle were marked Ⅰ or Ⅱ, respectively. The blind method (patients, their parents and evaluation blinded) was used to test the real biochemical nature of the medicine. Medicine was given by a specific doctor on regular days (2, 4, 8, 16 weeks) to patients on their revisit. The daily dose of metoclopramide for body weight was 0.5-2 mg/(kg· d) and haloperidol was 0.05 mg/(kg· d) and was assigned 3-4 times (principle of dose individuality). In addition, TS patients with severe tics in metoclopramide group would receive metoclopramide 10 mg by intramuscular injection twice a day, at the initial treatment for 2-4 days. ①Before and after treatment, TS severity of patients at weeks 2, 4, 8 and 16 was evaluated by YGTSS (the total score was 100 points; the higher the score, the more severe the condition and overall impairment). ② The clinical curative effect of the medicines was evaluated with YGTSS deduction rate before and after treatment. ③ Asberg side-effect rating score: The lower the score, the fewer and milder the side effects. ④ The cognition function was evaluated with WISC score before treatment and after 3 months of treatment. WISC consisted of language and performance components with 11 subtests, while memory scale category had 10 subtests (memory score lower than the standard indicated problem in memory function).MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ① Comparison of YGTSS in patients before and after treatment; ② comparison of efficacy in patients of the two groups; ③ comparison of intelligence quotient and memory quotient of patients before and after treatment; ④ adverse events and side effects.RESULTS: Totally 50 patients entered the final analysis. ① Comparison of Tourette' s syndrome in patients before and after treatment: YGTSS score in the two groups decreased significantly after treatment. The comparison of the differences suggested that metoclopramide had better curative effect than haloperidol. In metoclopramide group, YGTSS score was reduced steadily at weeks 2, 4, 8 and 16. In haloperidol group, YGTSS score was also reduced steadily at weeks 2, 8 and 16, but it was similar at week 2 and week 4. ② Comparison of efficacy in patients of the two groups: The total clinical curative effect rate was 92% (23/25) in both groups withoutany difference (P ＞ 0.05). ③ Comparison of intelligence quotient beforeand after treatment: In both metoclopramide group and haloperidol group itwas higher after treatment than before treatment (93.0±15.1, 87.0±14.6; 93.2±17.0, 87.3±13.6, t=3.43, 2.3, P ＜ 0.01). ④ Comparison of memory quo tient of patients before and after treatment: It was higher only in metoclo pramide group after treatment than before treatment (87.8±12.8, 75.8±15.5, t=3.30, P ＜ 0.01). ⑤ Score of Asberg side effects: It was lower in metoclo pramide group than in haloperidol group [(1.00±0.76), (3.24±1.40) points, t=7.05, P ＜ 0.01]. CONCLUSION: The results suggest that metoclopramide is effective in con trolling the symptoms of TS and improving intelligence and memory function. Metoclopramide causes mild side effects, but no extrapyramidal side effects.