Objective To explore the changes of expression levels of 12S rRNA and cytochrome oxidase subunit Ⅰ (COXⅠ) mRNA encoded by mtDNA in rat cerebral cortex after rat exposure to hypobaric hypoxia for different days. Methods Healthy male Wistar rats were exposed to hypobaric chamber simulating 5 000 m above sea level (23 5 h/day) for 2, 5, 15 and 30 d. Rats in the control group were not exposed to hypoxia. Rats were sacrificed by decapitation. Total RNA in cerebral cortex was extracted using a standard program. Transcriptional levels of 12S rRNA and COXⅠ mRNA were determined by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT PCR). Results Compared with that in the control, the expression of 12S rRNA increased by 57% after hypoxic exposure for 2 d ( P 0 05). Compared with that in the control group, the expression of COXⅠ mRNA increased significantly by 55% and 106% after hypoxic exposure for 2 and 5 d ( P 0 05). Conclusion Hypoxic exposure may have effect on both protein gene and ribosome gene expression encoded by mtDNA, and the expression changes in a hypoxic exposure time dependent manner. This suggests that hypoxia can have effect on mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation gene expression at both mitochondrial transcriptional and translational levels.

Objective To explore the related factors of fertilization failure after in-vitro fertilization and embryo transfer. Methods 150 patients were divided into total fertilization failure (TFF) group, low fertilization (LFR) group, and control (NFR) group according to fertilization rate. Semen was collected from the male pa-tients; the number, concentration, shape, and progressive motility of sperms were measured. Level of gACE was detected by Western blot. Logistic regression was used to explore the factors affecting fertilization rate. Results The fertilization rate and the concentration , progressive motility , and shape of sperms in were lower TFF group than in LFR group and NFR group (P < 0.05). Western blot proved that level of gACE group was higher in TFF than in LFR group and NFR group (P < 0.05). Logistic regression showed that the fertilization rate, the concen-tration , progressive motility , shape of sperms , and the level of gACE were all the independent risk factors for fertilization failure. Conclusions The concentration, progressive motility, and shape of sperms have impact on IVF. A lower expression of gACE in patients with lower fertilization rate can be used as a potential biomarker for predicting fertilization failure.

Objective To explore the establishment and implementation of nursing quality evaluation system in department of orthopedics. Methods Randomly 527 patients hospitalized in the department of orthopedics from December 2011 to December 2012 were selected and assigned into the control group, where a traditional evaluation system was used. Another 528 patients hospitalized from April 2013 to June 2014 as the observation group, where orthopedics specialist evaluation system was used. The two groups were compared in terms of hospital evaluation accuracy, observation accuracy, accuracy rate of specialist intervention complications, the qualified rate of nursing records and patient satisfaction. Result The hospital evaluation accuracy, observation accuracy, the accuracy rate of specialist intervention complications, the qualified rate of nursing records and patients satisfaction of the observation group were significantly higher than those of the control group (P<0.01) and there was no incidence in two groups. Conclusion The establishment of orthopaedic nurse quality evaluation system can make up the shortage of traditional evaluation system and improve the quality of the orthopaedic nursing management.

Objective To study change of insulin resistance and beta-cell function of the patients in hyper-tension with normal glucose tolerance(NGT) to phthogonesis of type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM). Methods 84 pa-tients with hypertension were divided into NGT group,and groups of impaired glucose tolerance(IGT) with groups of T2DM. The blood pressure, height, weight, waist circumference, hip circumference, high-density lipoproteins (HDL-C)and total cholesterol(TC) ,fasting plasma glucose(FPG) and fasting plasma insulin(FINS) were measured to deter-mine the body mass index(BMI) ,waist/hip ratio(WHR) ,insulin secretion function[ including Homa β-cell function index(HBCI) and fasting β-cell function index(FBCI)] and insulin resistance level [ including Homa model insulin resistance index(IR) and insulin action index(IAI)] ,statistic comparison were measured between the groups of dif-ferent glucose tolerances. Results The BMI, WHR, diastolic blood pressure ( DBP), TC in IGT group and T2DM group were bigger or higher than those in NGT group ( P<0.05, P<0.01 ), the IAI, HOMA-IS and FBCI in T2DM group were lower than those in NGT group with these in NGT group were lower than those in NGT group( P<0.05 ,P<0.01 ). The HOMA-IR in IGT group and T2DM group were higher than those in NGT group with these in T2DM group were higher than those in NGT group. Conclusion T2DM group and IGT group had more insulin resistance level,sensitivity of insulin and islet β-cell function decrease than those in IGT group,the IGT group and T2DM group are analogous at the body weight is heavier, with waist/hips ratio, triglyceride level and DBP are higher than those in the NGT group in clinic.

Objective To investigate the possible effects on radiosensitivity in human umbilical vein endothelial cells after transfection of pcDNA3.1+Ape1 plasmid. Methods The expressing vector pcDNA3.1+ Ape1, the control vector pcDNA3.1+or non-transfection cells was irradiated by 2, 4, 6, and 8 Gy photon beam at 48 h post-transfection. The value of initial and residual Oliver tail moment (OTM) under the alkaline single cell gelelectrophoresis assay and the colony forming test were utilized as the markers for the evaluaton of cells intrinsic radiosensitivity. The effect on radiosensitivity in human umbilical vein endothelial cells after transfection of the expressing vector pcDNA3.1+Ape1 was analyzed according to the radio-dose, compared to the empty vecor control and non-transfection cells. Results The initial and residual OTM value of endothelial cells transfected by 3 μg pcDNA3.1+Ape1 plasmid was lower significantly than ones of endothelial cells untransfected at 2 Gy irradiation (P<0.01), but was no significant difference at 8 Gy (P>0.05), and SF2 was higher remarkably in transfected cells than one in untransfected cells (P<0.05), but SF4, SF6 and SF8 were no significant differences (all of P>0.05). Conclusions The transfection of pcDNA3.1+Ape1 plasmid could enhance radioresistance of endothelial cells to the low-dose irradiation.

Objective Through investigating the effect of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) on the expression of yon Willebrand factor (vWF) and soluble thrumbomodulin (sTM) of vascular endothelial cells stimulated by serum of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients to discuss the repairing effect of MSCs on injured endothelium of SLE patients.Methods When human umbilical vein endothelial cell strain ECV-304 was co-cultivated with serum of SLE patients in vitro for twelve hours in order to induce endothelial cells injury,then MSCs were seeded for three days.Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to detect the expression of vWF and sTM in the supernatant.Results When ECV-304 was stimulated by serum of SLE patients,the expression of vWF and sTM in the supernatant was significantly higher than that in the groups not stimulated by serum of SLE patients;When MSCs were seeded ,the expression of vWF in the Lupus serum stimulated group in which MSCs were seeded was significantly lower than that in the lupus serum stimulated group in which MSCs were not seeded,but the expression of sTM between the lupus serum stimulated group which MSCs were seeded and the lupus serum stimulated group in which MSCs were not seeded was not significantly deviatied.Conclusion Serum of lupus patients at active stage can cause injure vascular endothelial cells.MSCs can downregulate the expression of vWF of vascular endothelial cells.These suggest it may participate in the repairing of injured vascular endothelium of SLE patients.

Objective To discuss the method, safety and selection of instrument in bone biopsy under digital radiography-guided. Methods Bone biopsy in 41 patients with bone lesion were performed under digital radiography-guided. Using the MDTECH super-core Ⅱ biopsy instrument, the MDTECH biopsy needle and osseous drill.Results The successful rate was 100% and the posilive rate was90.3%. None of them had severe complications. Conclusion Bone biopsy is a safe , accurate and effective method under digital radiography-guided.

Objective · To investigate the clinical effect of intravitreal injection of Conbercept in the treatment of diabetic macular edema (DME).Methods · Eleven patients (17 eyes) with DME (inflammatory type) received intravitreal injection of Conbercept monthly. After the first treatment, the patients were treated on demand. Follow-up after treatment for more than 6 months, the best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), central retinal thickness (CRT),diminished rate of DME and result of fundusfluorescein angiography(FFA) of DME eyes before and after treatment were compared. Results · During a follow-up of 7-29 months [(12±7) months], the injections were given 1-10 times [(4±3) times]. The results showed that the treatment effects on improving BCVA (logMAR) and diminishing of CRT were significant (t=7.306, P=0.001; t=5.272, P=0.000). The diminished rate of DME of our patients was 76.5%. Conclusion · Intravitreal injection of Conbercept in the treatment of DME is effective on reducing macular edema and improving visual acuity.

Objective To learn the economic operation and the existing problems of county TCM hospitals in Chongqing from 2012 to 2014.Methods 2012-2014 data of annual health financial report were used to conduct descriptive statistics and analysis of the current operation benefit, operating efficiency, debt paying ability, development ability, and cost management ability.Results From 2012 to 2014, the annual incomes of TCM county hospitals in Chongqing were 2.802, 3.412, and 4.385 billion RMB; the annual expenses were 2.813, 3.343, and 4.347 billion RMB; the ratios of income and expense about medical treatment were 0.86, 0.90, and 0.92; the ratios of income and expense of medicine were 1.16, 1.15, and 1.11; the outpatient amounts were 5.45, 5.87, and 6.99 million; the hospital discharge amounts were 330.4, 405.2, and 469.3 thousand; the charges per patient were 153.40, 177.12, and 188.71 RMB; the charges pre bed were 465.83, 533.14, and 571.02 RMB; medical expenses per patient were 4923.26, 5416.77, and 5576.01 RMB; the current ratios were 1.00, 1.06, and 1.09; the asset-liability ratios were 62.25%, 63.79%, and 61.37%; the annual growth rates of total assets were 14.06 % and 24.54%, and the annual growth rates of net assets were 19.44% and 21.70% during 2013 to 2014; 100-yuan hygienic materials and medicine consumption were 51.23, 51.10, and 50.07 RMB during 2012 to 2014; the management fee rates were 18.55%,15.44%, and 14.82%.Conclusion The general economic running of county TCM hospitals in Chongqing is stable and financial balance moves towards rationality; social benefit, expand capacity and cost management ability are enhanced gradually. However, the problems about insufficient government finance input, small medical income elasticity, poor debt paying ability, and diseconomies of scale still exist.

Objective To explore the relationship between the obstetric factors defined by Robson Ten-Group Classification System (RTGCS) and cesarean section rate (CSR),and to evaluate the validity of predictive models established based on the RTGCS for cesarean section.Methods Clinical data of 41 295 cases delivered in Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital from January 1,2012 to September 30,2014 were retrospectively collected.CSR of different groups categorized by the RTGCS was analyzed by descriptive epidemiological methods by three models.Model 1 was obstetrics factors (parity,history of cesarean section,number of fetus,mode of labor,fetal presentation and gestational age);model 2 was obstetrics factors (model 1) + demographic characteristics and severity (maternal age and with/without treatment in intensive care unit);model 3 was defined as model 2+ complications (placenta previa,placental abruption,chronic or gestational hypertension,preeclampsia,renal disease,or human immunodeficiency virus infection).The relationship between obstetrics factors classified by the RTGCS and CSR was analyzed by the logistic regression model (the potential confounders were controlled).The validity of predictive models was evaluated by analyzing the area under the receiver operative characteristic (ROC) curve.Results (1) There were statistical differences in total CSR and CSR before labor among those cases respectively grouped by age,medical insurance,parity,signal/multiple pregnancy,fetal presentation and gestational age (all P＜0.05).(2) The recruited cases were categorized into ten groups according to the RTGCS and among them,the second group (single,cephalic presentation,nulliparous,≥ 37 gestational weeks,induced labor or cesarean section before labor) accounted for most of the cesarean section cases (61.2％,11 217/18 322),followed by the fourth group (single,cephalic presentation,multiparous,no previous cesarean section,≥ 37 gestational weeks,induced labor or cesarean section before labor),which were 11.2％ (2 061/18 322).(3) Obstetrical parameters,including parity,number of fetus,mode of delivery,history of cesarean section,fetal presentation and gestational weeks at delivery were related to CSR,even after adjustment for maternal age and medical insurance,or obstetrical complications,or both above factors (all P＜0.05).(4) Areas under the ROC curves and the 95％ confidence intervals of model 1,2 and 3 were 0.867 (0.863-0.870),0.875 (0.872-0.878) and 0.881 (0.878-0.885),respectively (all P＜0.01).Conclusion Related variables of RTGCS highly correlate with CSR and could be used as promising indicators for prediction of cesarean section.The RTGCS is of great application value to those research subjects.