Serum metalloproteinase matrix (M MP )-9, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase (TIMP)-1 and type Ⅳ collagen level s were measured in patients with diabetic nephropathy (DN). The severity of DN w as determined by urinary albumin excretion rate. The results show that signific ant increases of serum TIMP-1 and type Ⅳ collagen depend on severity of DN, wh ile MMP-9 tends to decline. TIMP-1 and MMP-9 seem to participate in the patha genesis of DN.

Objective To study the effects of calaium channel blocker(CCB) on c-fos expression and nervous function following peripheral nerve injury.Methods Sciatic nerve was crushed with pincers to make the models of sciatic nerve crush injury in rats.The model rats were administered with Flunarizine 1 mg/kg(low dose group),2 mg/kg(high dose group) and normal saline 10 ml/kg(model group) via intraperitoneal injection.The c-fos positive cells at 1st and 4th week and nerve conduction velocity of sciatic nerve,distance between right behind toes were examined at 4th week respectively by immunohistochemical,behavior and electrophysiologic techniques.The results were compared with normal rats.Results(1) The c-fos positive cells were higher significantly in model and Flunarizine low dose groups compared with normal control group(all P0.05).Conclusion The c-fos expression following peripheral nerve injury can be reduced by CCB,which has the protective effect on the damaged peripheral nerve function.

Objective To explore the clinical and pathological characteristics of neurological lesions in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).Methods The clinical and pathological data of 6 SLE patients with neurological lesions were analyzed retrospectively.Results Clinically, the central nervous system was involved in four patients with presentation of epilepsy in one case, cerebral infarction in two cases and leukoencephalopathy in one case. Mononeuropathy was involved in three cases. Pathologically, sural nerve biopsies disclosed typical vasculitis in one of three cases. There were loss of myelinated fibers, segmented and dark-stained axons and myelin, and myelin bead formation in the sural nerves. Muscular biopsy of one case showed mild degeneration and necrosis. Three skin biopsies demonstrated degeneration of fibrinogen, perivenous infiltration of inflammatory cells.Conclusions SLE may lead different damage of nervous system. Therefore, the changes of its clinical and pathological manifestations are complicated.

Objective To observe the influence of Ginkgo laminae on serum lipid, serum level of homocysteine (HCY) and carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) of patients in recovery phase of cerebral infarction. Methods 100 patients in recovery phase of cerebral infarction were randomly divided into treatment group and control group, with 50 cases in each group. The control group were given aspirin enteric coated tablets 0.1g qn po., atorvastatin calcium capsule 20mg qn po.; the treatment group on the basis of the control group were added Ginkgo laminae, 1 tablet per time, three times daily. The blood liqid and HCY levels pre-treatment and 1, 3 and 6 months post-treatment and IMT value pre-treatment and 6 months post-treatment were collected. Results The triglyceride level had no significantly change in two groups. The high density lipoprotein cholesterol 3, 6 months post-treatment in treatment group was significantly higher than control group(P<0.05). The cholesterol and low density lipoprotein cholesterin 1 ,3, 6 months post-treatment in two groups significantly decreased compared with pre-treatment(P<0.05), while there was no significant difference between two groups at each time point. The cholesterol in treatment group had a smooth decreasing, while it had an increasing trend in control group 3 months post-treatment. The HCY 3 months post-treatment in treatment group was significantly lower than pre-treatment and control group 1, 3 and 6 months post-treatment (P<0.05). The IMT 6 months post-treatment in treatment group was significantly lower than control gorup(P<0.05). Conclusion Ginkgo laminae combined with atorvastatin for reducing lipid, which could raise high density lipoprotein cholesterol and reduce cholesterol smoothly and lower IMT, with the effective protection on vessel. The blood homocysteine level decreases after taking Ginkgo laminae for three months, which also could improve impaired endothelial function induced by high level of HCY and slow down the process of atherosclerotic plaque.

Objectives In order to evaluate the clinical effect of manipulation combined with traditional Chinese medicine for the lateral epicondylitis.Methods A total of 150 patients with lateral epicondylitis were randomly divided into two groups, 75 patients in each group. The treatment group received manipulation combined with the TCM herbal bathing decoction, and the control group received the shock wave therapy and TCM herbal bathing decoction. Two groups were treated for 3 months. The SF-McGill scale, VAS, PPI, PRI were measured, and the clinical curative effect rate was assessed after treatment.Results The total effective rate of the treatment group was 92.0% (69/75), and the control group was 80.0% (60/75). There was statistical significant difference between two groups (χ2=8.339,P=0.039). The SF-McGill pain questionnaire scores, after treatment (26.3 ± 9.9vs. 29.4 ± 8.8, t=-4.183), one month after treatment (20.5 ± 7.7vs. 25.6 ± 6.9, t=-3.954), and 3 months after treatment (14.4 ± 8.0vs. 18.3 ± 6.7,t=-4.031) in the treatment group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P<0.05). The VAS scores after treatment (4.9 ± 1.4vs. 5.8 ± 1.3,t=-4.631), one month after treatment (3.0 ± 1.0vs. 4.1±1.2,t=-3.752), and three months after treatment (2.3 ± 1.0vs. 3.0 ± 1.3,t=-4.350) in the treatment group were significantly lower than those in the control group  (P<0.05). The PPI score after treatment (2.4 ± 0.6vs. 3.1 ± 0.5,t=-7.528), one month after treatment (1.8 ± 0.6 vs. 2.5 ± 0.7,t=-6.630), and 3 months after treatment (1.1 ± 0.4vs. 1.9 ± 0.7,t=-3.425) in the treatment group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P<0.05). The PRI score after treatment (19.5 ± 8.0vs. 22.3 ± 5.7,t=-3.574), one month after treatment (13.7 ± 4.7vs. 17.3 ± 5.3,t=-3.985), and three months after treatment (9.3 ± 6.6vs. 12.5 ± 4.8,t=-1.270) in the treatment group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P<0.05).Conclusions The Manipulation combined with traditional Chinese medicine bathing therapy can relief the symptoms of lateral epicondylitis, and improve the clinical curative effect.

Objective To study the effects of postoperative immune-enhancing enteral nutrition (IEEN)on the liver function and postoperative infectious complications after hepatectomy in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma.Methods Between January 2010 and December 2011,96 patients undergoing hepatectomy for hepatocellular carcinoma were randomized in a double-blind manner to receive postoperative enteral nutrition with IEEN (IEEN group,n =48) or standard enteral nutrition (control group,n =48) for 5 days,respectively.Calorie and nitrogen of the same quantity were provided for both groups from the first day after surgery.The liver function tests and routine blood tests were performed.The postoperative hospital stay and postoperative infectious complications were also compared between these two groups.Results The serum albumin,prealbumin,alanine aminotransferase,and total bilirubin levels had no significant differences between the two groups (all P ＞ 0.05).On the 6th day after operation,the level of total lymphocyte count was significantly higher in the IEEN group than that in the control group [(2106 ± 1057) vs.(1648 ± 1079) / μL,P =0.038).The postoperative hospital stay was (10.3 ±5.6) days in the IEEN group and (13.4 ±6.7) days in the control group (P =0.016).Postoperative infectious complications were observed in 8 (16.7％) patients in the IEEN group and 17 (35.4％) patients in the control group (P =0.036).Conclusion Early postoperative IEEN can improve the clinical outcomes of liver cancer patients after hepatectomy.

Between January 2011 and December 2011,86 patients undergoing operation for anorectal disease were randomized in a double-blind manner to receive a mixed injection of methylene blue,ropivacaine and sodium chloride (observation group,n =43) or traditional analgesic methods (control group,n =43).Patients in observation group had less visual analog scale (VAS) scores of pain at 6-48 h postoperation than control group (P ＜0.05).The scores had no significant difference at 72 h postoperation between two groups (P ＞ 0.05).The total postoperative complications (8,19％) and hospitalization duration [(5.3 ± 2.2) days] in observation group were significantly less than those [15,35 ％ and (6.4 ±1.7) days] in control group (P ＜ 0.05).A mixed injection of methylene blue and ropivacaine intraoperatively can relieve the postoperative pain of patients with anorectal disease and reduce the incidence of postoperative complications and the duration of hospitalization.

The module design of pharmaceutical superfine pulverization matched up GMP was attempted. The integral of mechanism and electricity into the whole pulverization process was designed and established.

The physicochemical environment and action are similar between the traditional decoction and the extract technics with water or alcohol in the production of Chinese patent drug. Different heating time inevitably differs Chinese patent drug from its decoction; and the alteration of extracting dissolvent make great changes in the chemical constitution. All these lead to the change in the nature of a Chinese patent drug. The authors hold that it is difficult to embody exactly the aim of the prescription of Chinese drug in the existing production technology of Chinese patent drug. It is necessary to advance innovative thoughts of adopting modern technology to extract effective ingredients from single Chinese drug and in the reference of traditional decoction, recombining the composition and dosage of Chinese patent drug.

Objective To investigate the effect of methylene blue(MB)on liver ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury in rabbits.Methods Twenty-four healthy New Zealand white rabbits of both sexes welshins 2.0-2.3 kg were randomly divided into 3 groups (n=8 each):group Ⅰ sham operation(group s);group Ⅱ I/R and group Ⅲ methylene blue (group MB).The animals were anesthetized with intravenous 2% pentobarbital 30 mg/kg.Liver I/R was produced by occlusion of hepatic blood flow for 40 min followed by 60 min repeffusion.In group MB methylene blue 5 mg/kg was injected iv at 20 min before liver ischemia.Femoral artery was carmulated for MAP monitoring and blood sampling.MAP and HR were recorded immediately before(T1,baseline)and at 20 and 40 min of ischemia (T2,3) and 1,5,30,60 min(T4-7)of repedusion.Blood samples were collected at T1,T5,T6 and T7 for measurement of seruln TNF-α and IL-6 concentrations.Plasma AST and ALT activities were measured at T1,T6 and T7.Liver specimens were obtained at the end of experiment for determination of SOD activity and MDA content.Results In group I/R MAP was significantly decreased at T4-7 during reperfusion and HR at T7 as compared with the baseline at T1;while in group MB no significant change in MAP and HR Was observed during ischemia and reperfusion as compared with the baseline.The gerum TNF-α and IL-6 concentrations and the plasma ALT and AST activities were significantly increased during reperfusion as compared with the baseline immediately before ischemia in group I/R and MB and were significantly lower in group MB than in group. I/R. The SOD activity was significantly higher while MDA content was significantly lower in group MB than in group I/R. Microscopic examination showed that liver damage was less severe in group MB than in group I/R. Conclusion The administration of MB can maintain hemodynamic stability and attenuate liver I/R injury in rabbits.