Objective By conducting a statistical analysis of self-paid health examination items among individuals at a public medical institution in Xinjiang in 2023,this study aims to understand the preferences of different demographic groups re-garding health examination items.Methods Data from self-paid health examinations in 2023 were collected and analyzed using statistical methods such as chi-square tests and binary logistic regression to examine the frequency of selection,differences,and influencing factors of health examination items among different demographic groups.Results ① The total number of research subjects was 11,228,including 5,205 males and 6,023 females,with ages ranging from 18 to 94 years old.② The frequency of choosing examination items for males ranked from highest to lowest in the top 5 were thyroid B-ultrasound,prostate and bladder B-ultrasound,color Doppler echocardiography,spiral CT of the lungs,and glycosylated hemoglobin determination.For females,the frequency of choosing examination items ranked from highest to lowest in the top 5 were thyroid B-ultrasound,breast B-ultra-sound,vaginal B-ultrasound,vaginal discharge routine test combination,and spiral CT of the lungs.③ Older individuals were more likely to choose color Doppler echocardiography,spiral CT of the lungs,and glycosylated hemoglobin determination.Youn-ger individuals were more likely to choose thyroid B-ultrasound,13-carbon urea breath test;those with lower educational attain-ment were more likely to choose thyroid B-ultrasound,color Doppler echocardiography,spiral CT of the lungs,glycosylated hemo-globin,and 13-carbon urea breath test;those with fewer physical examinations were more likely to choose thyroid B-ultrasound,color Doppler echocardiography,spiral CT of the lungs,and 13-carbon urea breath test.Conclusion By analyzing the prefer-ences and influencing factors of health examination items among different demographic groups,targeted plans can be proposed to assist medical institutions in designing more appropriate health examination packages tailored to diverse populations.

Objective:To understand the real psychological experience of dietary management among gastric cancer patients with diabetes during chemotherapy, and to provide reference for the formulation of targeted intervention measures.Methods:A phenomenological approach in qualitative research was applied. Using purposive sampling, 15 gastric cancer patients with diabetes who were hospitalized for chemotherapy in Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, from January to December 2024 were selected as study participants and were interviewed face-to-face in depth. The interview process was audio-recorded, and within 24 h after each interview, two researchers transcribed the recordings verbatim into textual data. Colaizzi's seven-step method of phenomenological analysis was adopted to organize and analyze the interview data.Results:A total of 4 themes and 10 sub-themes were extracted: cognitive bias in dietary management of dual diseases (one-sided understanding of diseases, obstacles in information acquisition and transformation) ; difficulties in dietary management under the synergy of diseases (contradiction between special nutritional needs during chemotherapy and blood glucose control, conflict between chemotherapy adverse reactions and dietary requirements for diabetes, lack of coordination in interdisciplinary nutritional guidance) ; positive experiences in dietary management (improvement in physical condition from scientific diet, joint support of family and medical staff in dietary management, knowledge empowerment enhancing self-achievement) ; personalized needs from the patients' perspective (need for operability in dietary practices, need for emotional and cognitive support) .Conclusions:Gastric cancer patients with diabetes face multiple challenges in dietary management during chemotherapy. Medical staff should gain an in-depth understanding of patients' real experiences and develop more humanized dietary management strategies to improve patients' quality of life and treatment outcomes.

Objective:To explore the functional physical fitness of elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and to understand its current status and characteristics, with a view to provid a basis for nursing interventions for elderly patients with diabetes mellitus.Methods:Convenience sampling was used to select 460 elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus who visited the Department of Endocrinology at Beijing Friendship Hospital of Capital Medical University from January to December 2023. Basic information of gender, age, duration of diabetes, and chronic co-morbidities was collected, and their functional physical fitness was assessed using the Senior Fitness Test. Functional physical fitness was compared across age groups, gender, disease duration and chronic co-morbidities using t-tests and analysis of variance. Results:Among the functional physical fitness of 460 elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, the body mass index (BMI) was (22.97±1.52) kg/m 2, the number of 2-minute Step Test steps was (88.42±11.90), the grip strength was (25.73±2.44) kg, the number of 30-second Chair Stand Test was (17.64±1.70), the Back Scratch Test distance was (-5.04±1.64) cm, the Chair Sit and Reach Test distance was (-2.77±1.30) cm, and the time taken for the 8-foot Up-and-Go Test was (10.76±2.14) s. Patients≥70 years of age had a smaller body mass index than patients<70 years of age. Among patients≥70 years old, female, and≥3 types of co-morbidities, the number of 2-minute Step Test steps and the number of 30-second Chair Stand Test were less than in patients <70 years old, male, and≤2 types of co-morbidities, grip strength was smaller than in patients <70 years old, male, and ≤2 types of co-morbidities, the Back Scratch Test distance and the Chair Sit and Reach Test distance were shorter than in patients <70 years old, male, and ≤2 types of co-morbidities, and the 8-foot Up-and-Go Test time was longer than that of <70 years old, male, patients with ≤2 types of co-morbidities, and the differences were statistically significant ( P<0.05). Among patients with a disease duration of>10 years, the number of 2-minute Step Test steps and the number of 30-second Chair Stand Test were less than those of patients with a disease duration of <5 years and patients with a disease duration of 5-10 years, grip strength was shorter than those of patients with a disease duration of <5 years and patients with a disease duration of 5-10 years, the Back Scratch Test distance and the Chair Sit and Reach Test distance were shorter than those of patients with a disease duration of <5 years and patients with a disease duration of 5-10 years, and the 8-foot Up-and-Go Test took longer than those of patients with a disease duration of <5 years and patients with a disease duration of 5-10 years, and the differences were statistically significant ( P<0.05) . Conclusions:Functional physical fitness in older adults with diabetes is moderately low. Functional physical fitness varies by age group, gender, disease duration, and chronic co-morbidities. Clinical nursing interventions need to adequately assess the level of functional physical fitness and develop individualized strategies based on patient characteristics and assessment results.

Objective:To explore the real psychological experience of patients with diabetes mellitus combined with end-stage chronic renal failure, and to provide a reference for the development of targeted psychological interventions.Methods:Applying the phenomenological research method, 21 patients with diabetes mellitus combined with end-stage chronic renal failure in the Department of Nephrology of Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University from January to July 2024 were selected by purposive sampling, and face-to-face semi-structured in-depth interviews were conducted. For 24 hours after the interviews, two researchers jointly listened carefully to the interview recordings and transcribed them verbatim into textual materials. The interview data were organized and analyzed using the Colaizzi seven-step analysis.Results:A total of three themes and nine sub-themes were extracted, namely, failure of disease self-coping at the early stage of diagnosis (negative psychological distress, burden of disease self-management, difficulty in treatment decision-making) ; insufficient social support (lack of family care, suffering from social alienation, and longing for professional guidance) ; and post-traumatic growth (adapting to the disease, being thankful to others, and looking forward to the future) .Conclusions:Patients with diabetes mellitus combined with end-stage chronic renal failure feel and experience poorly. Healthcare professionals should emphasize the psychological experience of patients during their illness and provide targeted guidance and support to reduce their feeling burden and improve their quality of life.

Objective:To understand the real psychological experience of dietary management among gastric cancer patients with diabetes during chemotherapy, and to provide reference for the formulation of targeted intervention measures.Methods:A phenomenological approach in qualitative research was applied. Using purposive sampling, 15 gastric cancer patients with diabetes who were hospitalized for chemotherapy in Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, from January to December 2024 were selected as study participants and were interviewed face-to-face in depth. The interview process was audio-recorded, and within 24 h after each interview, two researchers transcribed the recordings verbatim into textual data. Colaizzi's seven-step method of phenomenological analysis was adopted to organize and analyze the interview data.Results:A total of 4 themes and 10 sub-themes were extracted: cognitive bias in dietary management of dual diseases (one-sided understanding of diseases, obstacles in information acquisition and transformation) ; difficulties in dietary management under the synergy of diseases (contradiction between special nutritional needs during chemotherapy and blood glucose control, conflict between chemotherapy adverse reactions and dietary requirements for diabetes, lack of coordination in interdisciplinary nutritional guidance) ; positive experiences in dietary management (improvement in physical condition from scientific diet, joint support of family and medical staff in dietary management, knowledge empowerment enhancing self-achievement) ; personalized needs from the patients' perspective (need for operability in dietary practices, need for emotional and cognitive support) .Conclusions:Gastric cancer patients with diabetes face multiple challenges in dietary management during chemotherapy. Medical staff should gain an in-depth understanding of patients' real experiences and develop more humanized dietary management strategies to improve patients' quality of life and treatment outcomes.

Objective To investigate the relationship between platelet distribution width(PDW)and coronary artery calcification(CAC)in overweight and obese populations.Methods Clinical and chest CT data of 10 838 subjects with overweight or obesity(body mass index[BMI]≥24 kg/m2)were retrospectively analyzed.The subjects were divided into CAC group(n=4 237)and non-CAC group(n=6 601)based on CAC scores obtained from chest CT.The relationship between PDW and CAC in overweight and obese populations was analyzed after controlling confounding variables.A threshold effect analysis was conducted using a two-stage logistic model to find the non-linear inflection point.Subgroup analyses and interaction tests were conducted to validate the stability of the relationship between PDW and CAC.Results Non-linear relationship was observed between PDW and CAC risk in overweight and obese populations.The risk of CAC decreased with the increase of PDW which ≤17.80％(OR=0.82),but increased with the increase of PDW(OR=1.04)which＞17.80％.Subgroup analysis showed that the relationship between PDW and CAC remained stable in subgroups of different genders,BMI(＜28 kg/m2,≥28 kg/m2)and hypertension(all P＞0.05).Compared with aged＜40 years or ≥60 years subgroups,under the same PDW,aged≥40 and＜60 years subgroups had higher risk of CAC(interaction P=0.015).Conclusion Nonlinear relationship existed between PDW and CAC in overweight and obese populations.Both excessively high and low PDW were risk factors of CAC.

Objective By conducting a statistical analysis of self-paid health examination items among individuals at a public medical institution in Xinjiang in 2023,this study aims to understand the preferences of different demographic groups re-garding health examination items.Methods Data from self-paid health examinations in 2023 were collected and analyzed using statistical methods such as chi-square tests and binary logistic regression to examine the frequency of selection,differences,and influencing factors of health examination items among different demographic groups.Results ① The total number of research subjects was 11,228,including 5,205 males and 6,023 females,with ages ranging from 18 to 94 years old.② The frequency of choosing examination items for males ranked from highest to lowest in the top 5 were thyroid B-ultrasound,prostate and bladder B-ultrasound,color Doppler echocardiography,spiral CT of the lungs,and glycosylated hemoglobin determination.For females,the frequency of choosing examination items ranked from highest to lowest in the top 5 were thyroid B-ultrasound,breast B-ultra-sound,vaginal B-ultrasound,vaginal discharge routine test combination,and spiral CT of the lungs.③ Older individuals were more likely to choose color Doppler echocardiography,spiral CT of the lungs,and glycosylated hemoglobin determination.Youn-ger individuals were more likely to choose thyroid B-ultrasound,13-carbon urea breath test;those with lower educational attain-ment were more likely to choose thyroid B-ultrasound,color Doppler echocardiography,spiral CT of the lungs,glycosylated hemo-globin,and 13-carbon urea breath test;those with fewer physical examinations were more likely to choose thyroid B-ultrasound,color Doppler echocardiography,spiral CT of the lungs,and 13-carbon urea breath test.Conclusion By analyzing the prefer-ences and influencing factors of health examination items among different demographic groups,targeted plans can be proposed to assist medical institutions in designing more appropriate health examination packages tailored to diverse populations.

Objective To investigate the relationship between platelet distribution width(PDW)and coronary artery calcification(CAC)in overweight and obese populations.Methods Clinical and chest CT data of 10 838 subjects with overweight or obesity(body mass index[BMI]≥24 kg/m2)were retrospectively analyzed.The subjects were divided into CAC group(n=4 237)and non-CAC group(n=6 601)based on CAC scores obtained from chest CT.The relationship between PDW and CAC in overweight and obese populations was analyzed after controlling confounding variables.A threshold effect analysis was conducted using a two-stage logistic model to find the non-linear inflection point.Subgroup analyses and interaction tests were conducted to validate the stability of the relationship between PDW and CAC.Results Non-linear relationship was observed between PDW and CAC risk in overweight and obese populations.The risk of CAC decreased with the increase of PDW which ≤17.80％(OR=0.82),but increased with the increase of PDW(OR=1.04)which＞17.80％.Subgroup analysis showed that the relationship between PDW and CAC remained stable in subgroups of different genders,BMI(＜28 kg/m2,≥28 kg/m2)and hypertension(all P＞0.05).Compared with aged＜40 years or ≥60 years subgroups,under the same PDW,aged≥40 and＜60 years subgroups had higher risk of CAC(interaction P=0.015).Conclusion Nonlinear relationship existed between PDW and CAC in overweight and obese populations.Both excessively high and low PDW were risk factors of CAC.

Objective:To explore the functional physical fitness of elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and to understand its current status and characteristics, with a view to provid a basis for nursing interventions for elderly patients with diabetes mellitus.Methods:Convenience sampling was used to select 460 elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus who visited the Department of Endocrinology at Beijing Friendship Hospital of Capital Medical University from January to December 2023. Basic information of gender, age, duration of diabetes, and chronic co-morbidities was collected, and their functional physical fitness was assessed using the Senior Fitness Test. Functional physical fitness was compared across age groups, gender, disease duration and chronic co-morbidities using t-tests and analysis of variance. Results:Among the functional physical fitness of 460 elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, the body mass index (BMI) was (22.97±1.52) kg/m 2, the number of 2-minute Step Test steps was (88.42±11.90), the grip strength was (25.73±2.44) kg, the number of 30-second Chair Stand Test was (17.64±1.70), the Back Scratch Test distance was (-5.04±1.64) cm, the Chair Sit and Reach Test distance was (-2.77±1.30) cm, and the time taken for the 8-foot Up-and-Go Test was (10.76±2.14) s. Patients≥70 years of age had a smaller body mass index than patients<70 years of age. Among patients≥70 years old, female, and≥3 types of co-morbidities, the number of 2-minute Step Test steps and the number of 30-second Chair Stand Test were less than in patients <70 years old, male, and≤2 types of co-morbidities, grip strength was smaller than in patients <70 years old, male, and ≤2 types of co-morbidities, the Back Scratch Test distance and the Chair Sit and Reach Test distance were shorter than in patients <70 years old, male, and ≤2 types of co-morbidities, and the 8-foot Up-and-Go Test time was longer than that of <70 years old, male, patients with ≤2 types of co-morbidities, and the differences were statistically significant ( P<0.05). Among patients with a disease duration of>10 years, the number of 2-minute Step Test steps and the number of 30-second Chair Stand Test were less than those of patients with a disease duration of <5 years and patients with a disease duration of 5-10 years, grip strength was shorter than those of patients with a disease duration of <5 years and patients with a disease duration of 5-10 years, the Back Scratch Test distance and the Chair Sit and Reach Test distance were shorter than those of patients with a disease duration of <5 years and patients with a disease duration of 5-10 years, and the 8-foot Up-and-Go Test took longer than those of patients with a disease duration of <5 years and patients with a disease duration of 5-10 years, and the differences were statistically significant ( P<0.05) . Conclusions:Functional physical fitness in older adults with diabetes is moderately low. Functional physical fitness varies by age group, gender, disease duration, and chronic co-morbidities. Clinical nursing interventions need to adequately assess the level of functional physical fitness and develop individualized strategies based on patient characteristics and assessment results.

Objective:To explore the real psychological experience of patients with diabetes mellitus combined with end-stage chronic renal failure, and to provide a reference for the development of targeted psychological interventions.Methods:Applying the phenomenological research method, 21 patients with diabetes mellitus combined with end-stage chronic renal failure in the Department of Nephrology of Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University from January to July 2024 were selected by purposive sampling, and face-to-face semi-structured in-depth interviews were conducted. For 24 hours after the interviews, two researchers jointly listened carefully to the interview recordings and transcribed them verbatim into textual materials. The interview data were organized and analyzed using the Colaizzi seven-step analysis.Results:A total of three themes and nine sub-themes were extracted, namely, failure of disease self-coping at the early stage of diagnosis (negative psychological distress, burden of disease self-management, difficulty in treatment decision-making) ; insufficient social support (lack of family care, suffering from social alienation, and longing for professional guidance) ; and post-traumatic growth (adapting to the disease, being thankful to others, and looking forward to the future) .Conclusions:Patients with diabetes mellitus combined with end-stage chronic renal failure feel and experience poorly. Healthcare professionals should emphasize the psychological experience of patients during their illness and provide targeted guidance and support to reduce their feeling burden and improve their quality of life.