Medical rescue is the most important key point for deciding disaster prognosis. But there are not systemic and special mode of disaster medical education. This article expounds the concept and features of disaster medicine, and puts forward the idea that the training routes of talents in disaster medicine should be included in undergraduates, vocational and continuing education.

Objective:To evaluate the impact and predictive value of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio( NLR) ,derived neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio( d-NLR) ,platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio( PLR) and lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio( LMR) on the prognosis of patients with colorectal cancer with curative resection.Methods: Retrospective analysis of 205 cases of clinical data and returning data after patients with colorectal cancer surgery,ROC curve was applied to determine thresholds for four biomarkers and their prognostic values were assessed using Kaplan-Meier curve,univariate and multivariate COX regression models of patients with NLR,D-NLR,PLR and LMR and other clinicopathological factors and the relationship between the 5-year recurrent-free survival( RFS).Results:According to the ROC curve,LMR could not be used as a potential diagnostic biomarker for subsequently analysis,for its AUC was less than 0.50, The optimal cut-off values were 3.12 with the highest specificity and sensitivity ( 75% and 73.1%) for NLR, while in the univariate analysis show,NLR,D-NLR and PLR were all risk factors of poor recurrence-free survival ( P<0.05 ) , the multivariate regression analysis,NLR≥3.12 and colorectal cancer staging were independent risk factors of prognosis of colorectal cancer.Conclusion:NLR≥3.12 can provide improved accuracy for predicting clinical outcomes in surgical CRC patients under surgery resection.

A reusable chronocoulometric adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-aptamer sensor was developed in this work.A short chain of DNA marked as cDNA containing complementary sequence was immobilized on gold electrode based on Au-S self-assembly.The ATP aptamer was hybridized with cDNA.The surface-confined DNA could bind with [Ru(NH3)63+ (RuHex) in the electrolyte via electrostatic interaction.Upon target ATP binding, the aptamer confined onto electrode surface was disassociated from the cDNA oligonucleotides into the solution.Such surface density change of DNA lead to the decrease of chronocoulometric signal for the RuHex which confined on the electrode surface.The chronocoulometric signals showed a linear relationship with logrithm of ATP concentration in the range of 1 nmol/L to 100 μmol/L, and the detection limit of this aptamer sensor could reach 0.5 nmol/L (S/N=3).This aptamer sensor could be regenerated 5 times by simple steps.With this aptamer sensor, the basal level of ATP in the brain cortex micorodialysate was determined to be 19.2±3.7 nmol/L (n=3).

Objective To investigate the effects of acupuncture at acupoints at different time points on the occurrence of postoperative nausea and vomiting ( PONV ) in patients undergoing radical rectal cancer operation.Methods One hundred and thirty ASA Ⅰ - Ⅲ patients,aged 40-59 yr,with body mass index of 20-25 kg/m2,scheduled for elective radical rectal cancer operation,were randomly divided into 5 groups ( n =25 each):control group ( group Ⅰ ),treatment with the conventional drug group (group Ⅱ ),preoperative acupuncture group ( group Ⅲ ),acupuncture during operation group (group Ⅳ ),and postoperative acupuncture group (group Ⅴ ).Granisetron 3 mg was injected intravenously before the end of the operation in group Ⅱ.Acupuncture was performed at 30 min before induction of anesthesia,at skin incision and at the end of operation in groups Ⅲ,Ⅳ and Ⅴ respectively.Bilateral Neiguan ( PC6 ),Hegu ( LI4 ),Zhigou ( SJ6 ),and Quchi ( LI11 ) acupoints were selected in groups Ⅲ,Ⅳ and Ⅴ.Acupuncture stimulation lasted for 30 min.Blood samples were collected from the peripheral vein after admission to the operating room (T0),at 1 h after skin incision (T1),at the end of operation (T2 ),and at 24 h after operation (T3) to determine the plasma gastrin concentration.The occurrence of PONV was recorded within 2 h after operation,during 2-6 h,6-12 h and 12-24 h after operation,and within 24 h after operation.Results Compared with group Ⅰ,the incidence of PONV within 2 and 24 h after operation,and the plasma gastrin concentration at T3 were significantly decreased in groups Ⅱ and Ⅲ ( P ＜ 0.05),and no significant change was found in the indexes mentioned above in groups Ⅳ and Ⅴ (P ＞ 0.05).Compared with group Ⅱ,the plasma gastrin concentration at T3 was significantly decreased in group Ⅲ,the incidence of PONV within 2 and 24 h after operation was significantly increased in groups Ⅳ and Ⅴ ( P ＜ 0.05).Compared with group Ⅲ,the incidence of PONV within 2 and 24 h after operation,and the plasma gastrin concentration at T3 were significantly increased in groups Ⅳ and Ⅴ ( P ＜ 0.05 ).Conclusion Preoperatvie acupuncture at acupoints can decrease the occurrence of PONV in patients undergoing radical rectal cancer operation,the efficacy is similar to that of the conventional drugs,and the decreased concentration of the plasma gastrin after operation is involved in the mechanism.

Objective To investigate the difference of retinal nerve fiber layer thickness(RNFL)in opti-cal coherence tomography(OCT)under low and moderate signal strength. Methods Four hundred eyes of people aged 46~75 with clear fundus image,no obvious fundus diseases,and satisfactory optical coherence tomography were classified according to their ages and signal strength. The peripapillary and 4 quadrants of RNFL were detect-ed with OCT. Results In satisfactory OCT images ,the signal strength that reached 4/10 and 7/10 was 1.5% and 27% respectively. Under low and moderate signal strength ,the maximum thickness of RNFL was at the superior and inferior,and the minimum thickness of RNFL was at the nasal and temporal. There were no significant differ-ences in RNFL thickness under low or moderate signal strength. Conclusion RNFL results are reliable under low and moderate signal strength.

Objective To study the effect of the magnetic field-treated water on metabolism of monoaminergic nerve transmitters in mice. Methods Twenty healthy aged Kunming mice were divided into a control group and an experimental group randomly. The mice in the control group were given tap-water and those in the experimental group magnetic field-treated water for 30 days. The content of monoaminergic nerve transmitters in brain of mice in the two groups were determined. Results A significant difference was found in the content of monoaminergic nerve transmitters between the control and the experimental groups. The contents of NE, DA, 5-HT and 5-HIAA increased significantly(P

Objective To study the preventive effect and mechanism of aesculin on intestinal mucosa in rats with experimental ulcerative colitis (UC) . Methods Forty specific-pathogen free SD rats were randomly divided into normal group, model group, salicylazosulfapyridine (SASP, 600 mg/kg) group and aesculin (EH, 100 mg/kg) group, 10 in each group. Rats in model group, SASP group and EH group were given enema with trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid ( TNBS, 100 mg/kg) for the establishment of UC model. The rats in SASP group and EH group were given gastric gavage of SASP and aesculin respectively. At the end of experiment, the serum levels of tumor necrosis factor alpha ( TNF-α) and interleukin 10 ( IL-10) were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) . The general state, histological features of intestinal mucosa and serum TNF-αand IL-10 levels of rats in each group were compared. Results Aesculin significantly improved the general state and relieved the inflammation of the colonic mucosa of UC rats. The disease activity index ( DAI) scores and tissue damage index (TDI) scores in the model group were significantly higher than those in the normal group ( P<0.01) . The DAI scores and TDI scores in the medication groups were significantly lower than those in the model group (P<0.01) . The serum TNF-αlevel was significantly higher and IL-10 level was significantly lower in the model group than the normal group ( P<0.01) . After treatment, TNF-α was decreased and IL-10 was increased in SASP group and EH group as compared with the model group (P<0.01) . Conclusion Aesculin has certain therapeutic effect on TNBS-induced UC in rats through significantly relieving the symptoms of UC rats. The mechanism may be related with the inhibition of TNF-α secretion and the increase of IL-10 expression, and then improving the disorder of intestinal immune function.

Objective To recognize the possibility of Y fragment deletion of Amelogenin gene intuitively and simply according to the genotyping graphs.Methods By calculating the ratio of total peak height of genotyping graphs, the statistics of equilibrium distribution between Amelogenin and D3S1358loci,Amelo-genin X-gene and Amelogenin Y-gene, and different alleles of D3S1358loci from 1968 individuals was analyzed after amplified by PowerPlex? 21 detection kit.Results Sum of peak height of Amelogenin X allele was not less than 60% that of D3S1358loci alleles in 90.8% female samples, and sum of peak height of Amelogenin X allele was not higher than 70% that of D3S1358loci alleles in 94.9% male samples.Conclusion The result of genotyping after amplified by PowerPlex? 21 detection kit shows that the possibility of Y fragment deletion should be considered when only Amelogenin X-gene of Amelo-geninis detected and the peak height of AmelogeninX-gene is not higher than 70% of the total peak height of D3S1358loci.

In order to study the effects of Ca2+ in the biosynthesis of salvianolic acid B (Sal B) induced by salicylic acid (SA) in the young seedlings of Salvia miltiorrhiza, we used confocal laser scanning microscopy and high performance liquid chromatography to measure the change of relative fluorescence intensity of Ca2+ and the contents of Sal B induced by SA before and after the application of extracellular calcium channel inhibitors (VP and LaCl3), intracellular calcium channel inhibitor (LiCl), as well as intracellular calmodulin antagonist (TFP). SA could induce the calcium burst, and the Ca2+ peak could last to 2-3 min in the guard cells of S. miltiorrhiza, which prompted the biosynthesis of Sal B after the Ca2+ burst. Both Vp or LaCl3, and LiCl or TFP could inhibit the burst of Ca2+ and the biosynthesis of Sal B. The above results demonstrated that Ca2+ from the extracellular and the intracellular calcium store regulate the biosynthesis of Sal B elicited by salicylic acid in S. miltiorrhiz young seedlings.
Benzofurans ; metabolism ; Calcium ; metabolism ; Plant Leaves ; metabolism ; Salicylic Acid ; pharmacology ; Salvia miltiorrhiza ; metabolism ; Seedlings ; metabolism ; Signal Transduction

Several specialized branches are inclusive in the department of trauma surgery,and the instruction of medical ethics during the practice of trauma surgery surely contributes to raise the integrated diathesis and capability for medical students.Common ethical issues in trauma surgery practice include ethics of operative principles,conflict between trauma sufferers and accident-makers,privacy preservation,decision making,and the principles of clinical pharmaceutical trials,etc.It is believed that advantageous principles and independence principles should be overall carried out during the instructional course of medical ethics education.