Objective To investigate the immunoreactivity of platelet-derived growth factor-A (PDGF-A) and its receptor at human and mouse neuromuscular junctions and to explore their regulatory effects on neuromuscular junctions. Methods Specific polyclonal antibodies were used to detect PDGF-A and PDGF a-receptor expression. Double immunohistochemistry for platelet-derived growth factor and the acetylcholine receptor was performed on normal human muscle biopsy specimens. Double fluorescence labeling was applied to detect immunoreactivity for PDGF-A, its receptor and acetylcholine receptors. Results PDGF-A and its receptor was closely co-localized with acetylcholine receptors at human and mouse neuromuscular junctions. Conclusion PDGF-A and its receptor concentrated at human and mouse neuromuscular junctions. PDGF might be involved in the interaction between the presynaptic and postsynaptic components, PDGF-A and its receptor might play regulatory role in signaling at neuromuscular junctions in normal muscle.

Objective:To assess the proportion of genotypes of osteocalcin gene polymorphism, and to investigate if the polymorphism of osteocalcin gene is associated with BMD in Chinese premenarche girls. Methods: 152 healthy premenarche girls of Han ethic (9-11.5y) were recruited. BMD and BMC at the lumber spine (L1-L4), proximal femur, and total body were measured by DXA; PCR-RFLP was used to amplify the polymorphisms of the osteocalcin gene. Results:The proportion of genotype of OC gene polymorphism were 5.26% HH,, 36.84% Hh, and 58.90% hh, respectively. Significant differences were observed in BMD and BMC at the total body, and BMD at the L1-L4 lumber spine and femur neck among subjects with different genotypes (P

Objective:To investigate the characteristics of calcium metabolism and identify the calcium intake that produces plateau retention in premenarche Chinese girls. Method:Forty-nine healthy premenarche Chinese girls (9-11.5 y) were recruited, and divided into four groups respectively receiving one of four different doses of calcium intakes for 6 d, 600 mg (usual diet),900 mg (containing 250 ml milk),1 200 mg (containing 250 ml milk and 750 mg CaCO3) and 1 500 mg calcium (250 ml milk and 1500 mg CaCO3) per day. Calium in 3-day urine and stool,and 3-d duplicated food samples were collected to assess the calcium equilibrium during the treatment period. Results: There were no significant differences in apparent calcium absorption among the four groups (55%, 53%, 52% and 52%). The relationship between calcium intake and calcium retention was fitted into a non-liner regression model which showed that the calcium retention was approaching the plateau when calcium intake reached 1100mg/d. Conclusion: The apparent calcium absorption was 53%?0.12% in Chinese premenarche girls with dietary calcium intakes ranged between 600 to 1500 mg/d. Calcium retention approached its plateau when calcium intake reached 1 100 mg/d in Chinese premenarche girls.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relative factors of pharyngo cutaneou fistulas after larynx cancer and lower pharynx cancer surgery. METHOD: The clinical datas of 87 larynx cancer patients and lower pharynx cancer patients admitted were retrospectively analyzed. According to the type of postoperative complications all cases could be divided into pharyngo cutaneou fistulas group and no pharyngo cutaneou fistulas group. Thirty-eight kinds of factors,including age, clinical stage, plasma electrolytes level and type of procedure are in the multivariate analysis, and the variability indicators are in binary-regression analysis. RESULT: Eleven patients had pharyngo cutaneou fistulas (12.64%). Univariate analysis indicated that BMI, pre-operative serum potassium, operation time, cervical lymph dissection, post-operative prealbumin, post-operative hemoglobin, infection and delayed union of incision were the risk factors of pharyngo cutaneou fistulas (P < 0.05). Logistic stepwise regression analysis indicated that post-operative prealbumin and operation time were the independent risk factors. CONCLUSION To avoid pharyngo cutaneou fistulam, it is very necessary to correct electrolyte disorder and negative nitrogen balance. To shorten the operation time, to avoid incision infection and delayed union were helpfulness, too.
Cutaneous Fistula ; pathology ; Digestive System Fistula ; pathology ; Humans ; Laryngeal Neoplasms ; surgery ; Laryngectomy ; Multivariate Analysis ; Otorhinolaryngologic Surgical Procedures ; Pharyngeal Neoplasms ; surgery ; Pharynx ; pathology ; surgery ; Postoperative Complications ; Retrospective Studies

Objective To investigate the expression of NF-κBp65 in hippocampus after the XST intervention therapy in the SD rats with global cerebral I/R injury and testify the protective effect of XST after global cerebral I/R injury.Methods 72 healthy SD rats were randomly divided into 3 groups,sham operation(SO) group ( n =24),I/R group( n =24) and XST group( n =24).The model of acute global cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (including:I/R and XST group) injury was produced by means of simple Pulsinelli- brierley's four arteries occlusion method.H.E.staining was performed to detect the number of surviving neurons and TUNEL was used to detect the rate of neurons apoptosis.The expression activation of NF-κB p65 in hippocampus comu-ammonis ( CA1 ) region were examined by immunohistochemical method (SABC).Results The survival pyramidal neurons in the XST group continued to increase,and it was significantly more than the I/R group at each time-point after reperfusion[ (99.23 ±4.22)/mm vs (75.83 ±7.17 )/mm,(80.93 ± 5.36)/mm vs (51.50 ± 8.26 )/mm,(103.24 ± 5.48 )/mm vs (35.67 ± 13.17 )/mm,( 126.22 ± 7.54 )/mm vs (9.83 ± 4.71 )/mm ],the differences were statistically significant ( P ＜0.01 ).The apoptosis rate of pyramidal cell in the XST group at each time-point were more significantly reduced than the I/R group [ ( 8.82 ± 2.71 ) ％ vs ( 22.58 ± 4.68 ) ％.( 19.15 ± 6.23 ) ％ vs (42.68 ± 3.04 ) ％,( 11.82 ± 2.87 ) ％ vs ( 55.51 ± 6.81 ) ％,( 8.44 ± 3.23 ) ％ vs ( 71.69 ± 7.71 ) ％ ],the differences were statistically significant ( P ＜0.01 ).The positive neurons of NF-κBp65 expression in the XST group at different time-points were significantly less than the L/R group[ ( 13.20 ±2.50) vs ( 18.00 ± 1.87),(8.20 ±5.31) vs (41.60±3.65),(6.70±3.36) vs (55.30±5.10),(7.10±3.57) vs (72.80 ±4.71)],the differences were statistically significant ( P ＜ 0.05,P ＜ 0.01 ).Conclusions After global cerebral ischemia/reperfusion,XST could protect the brain from global cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury by holding up the expression of NF- kappaB p65,and inhibiting neuronal apoptosis,and increasing the number of surviving neurons.Thus,the results of this experiment could provide a powerful and weighty objective indication for XST being used during cerebral resuscitation.

Objective The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of constructing national key clinical specialty on high quality nursing service.Methods Using the Colaizzi 7-step analysis method to analyze the information,which through using the phenomenology research methods by making interviews with 14 clinicians,nurses and nursing administrators.Results The clinical medical staffs experienced the construction of key clinical specialist,to some extent,that would promote the development of nursing discipline,enhancing the environment and equipment in hospital,having improvement on the ability of nursing service and quality simultaneously,and then the cooperation between medical staffs and patients were more closely,while nurses bearing increased work pressure,with obviously job burnout.Conclusions The national key clinical specialist construction would effectively launching nursing quality care in depth and improving patient satisfaction with medical care,while the working pressure of nurses and the imperfection of post performance management restricted the development of nursing discipline.

Objective To investigate the significance of plasma protein S and growth-arrest specific protein 6 (Gas6) in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).Methods Sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to measure the protein S and Gas6 in the plasma of 103 SLE patients and 40 healthy controls.Mann-Whitney U-test,x2-test and Spearman's rank correlation were used for statistical analysis.Results The plasma concentrations of protein S and Gas6 were both significantly [protein S:30.6 (27.2,33.6) μg/ml,37.8(35.4,46.7) μg/ml,Z=6.04,P＜0.01; Gas6:402.6(239.2,757.8) pg/ml,913.6(765.0,1 290.6) pg/ml,Z=4.26,P＜0.01] decreased in plasma of SLE patients than that in healthy controls.There was a positive correlation between levels of protein S and Gas6 (r=0.312,P=0.001).The level of protein S in SLE patients was positively correlated with hemoglobin (Hb),WBC,platelet blood platelet (PLT),C3 and C4 (r=0.209,0.264,0.264,0.362,0.280,P＜0.01 or P＜0.05).Plasma protein S level was also found to be negatively correlated with auto-antibodies such as anti-double strand DNA (anti-dsDNA) antibody,anticardiolipin (ACL),anti-nucleosome antibody (AnuA) or IgG (r=-0.197,-0.264,-0.226,-0.229,P＜0.01or P＜0.05).The plasma Gas6 level was positively associated with age,disease duration and C-reaction protein (CRP) (r=0.229,0.198,0.263,P＜0.01 or P＜0.05).Patients with decreased Gas6 level showed higher incidence of fever,rash and serositis.Patients with decreased WBC or positive for proteinuria also showed decreased Gas6 (P＜0.05).Conclusion Protein S levels are significantly decreased in plasma of SLE patients and is associated with a series of severe disease manifestations such as hematological involvement,decreased complements and the presence of auto-antibodies.Decreased Gas6 levels in SLE patients are observed and they are correlated with age,disease duration and certain clinical characteristics such as rash,renal involvement and inflammatory response.

Objective To identify allergens in portunus trituberculatus responsible for atopic dermatitis (AD) in children.Methods Totally,145 child outpatients with AD were enrolled in this study from September 2013 to July 2014,and underwent the skin prick test (SPT) with crab proteins or crab-specific IgE determination assay.Then,the children with positive SPT or elevated IgE levels underwent an oral challenge with portunus trituberculatus.Serum samples were collected from 33 children with a positive oral food challenge (test group) and from 30 health check-up child examinees (control group).Total proteins were extracted from fresh portunus trituberculatus.Sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and Western blot were conducted to identify the protein fragments of portunus trituberculatus responsible for AD among these children.Results The SDS-PAGE of crude protein extracts from portunus trituberculatus yielded 11 protein bands with relative molecular masses of 94 000,70 000,58 000,49 000,36 000,34 000,32 000,27 000,21 000,19 000 and 17 000 respectively.Of the 11 protein bands,only 4 with relative molecular masses of 70 000,58 000,49 000 and 36 000 respectively reacted with sera from the patients by Western blot,with the reaction rate being 93.9％,45.4％,39.4％ and 100％ respectively.None of these protein bands reacted with sera from the control group by Western blot.There were significant differences between the test group and control group in the reaction rates of the four proteins with relative molecular masses of 70 000,58 000,49 000 and 36 000 respectively to sera (x2 =55.483,17.898,14.891,63.000,all P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion The two proteins with relative molecular masses of 70 000 and 36 000 respectively are major allergens in portunus trituberculatus responsible for AD among children.

Objective To study the effects of parthenolide on osteoclast differentiation of RAW264. 7 cell induced by receptor activator of nuclear factor κB ligand (RANKL). Methods The mouse macrophage RAW264.7 cells induced by RANKL was used alone as the control group, different concentrations of par-thenolide (0.5, 1, 2 μmol/L) were added to culture the RAW264.7 cells. On the third, fifth and seventh day, the tartrate resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) staining method was used to detect osteodast-like cells and the cell number was count;the contents of tartrate resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP5b) in the Culture supernatant of each groups were detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and the expression of osteodast marker gene alcitonin receptor (CTR) and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 in each groups were detected by realtime-polymerase chain reaction (PCR) on the seventh day. We use Chi-square test and t test to test the differences between groups by SPSS 17.0. Results In different culture conditions, RANKL could always induce the RAW264.7 cell differentiate into mature osteoclasts. Compared with the control group at the same time control group, on the third, fifth and seventh day, he number of mature osteoclasts induced were obviously decreased in groups adding different concentration of PAR; the number of induced osteoclasts decreased along with the increase of parthenolide concentration, on the seventh day in 0.5, 1, 2 μmol/L concentration PAR groups, the number of mature osteoclasts compared with the control group were descended 36.3%, 40.8%, 49.3%(t=7.758, 8.742, 10.56;P<0.05);the contents of TRAP5b in the culture supernatant were consistent with the cell counting results on the seventh day (P<0.05). The expression of CTR and MMP-9 by TRAP positive osteoclasts decreased along with the increase of parthenolide concentration, and the 2 μmol/L group was the lowest. Compared with the control group, there were statistically significant differences with the different PAR concentration groups 0.5, 1, 2 μmol/L (P<0.05). Conclusion Parthenolide can inhibit RANKL induced RAW264.7 differentiation into osteoclast cells, and the inhibition is dose dependent.