Objective To study the effect of electroacupuncture(EA) combined with transcranial magnetic stimulation(TMS) on the angiogenesis in rats with cerebral ischemia. Methods Fifty-five male Wistar rats were randomly divided into five groups: a normal group, a model group, an EA group, a TMS group and an EA plus TMS group. After the establishment of acute middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO), the rats in various groups were accordingly treated with EA, TMS or EA plus TMS, respectively. Then the expression of VEGF164 mRNA and CD31 was observed. Results The expression of VEGF164 mRNA and CD31 around the infarction locus of the three treatment groups increased, especially in the EA plus TMS group. Conclusion EA plus TMS can increase the expression of VEGF164 mRNA and CD31 around the infarction locus and promote the non-molecular angiogenesis in rats with cerebral ischemia.

The authors give an account of their guiding ideology, implementing methods and practical experience in setting up research funds for nursing. Their experience is as follows. Establishment of the funds in their hospital has played a positive role in promoting research on nursing. Greater increase in intellectual input and creation of a sound environment for the conduction of research on nursing is an effective guarantee for the successful conduction of the work. Emphasis has been rightly put on clinical projects by orienting the research funds towards projects involving clinical nursing. And making a good job of the whole nursing procedure is the key to the proper application of the research funds for nursing. Besides, to give full play to the role of research funds for nursing, it is imperative to cultivate academic leaders in nursing able to keep abreast of the times, aim closely at the frontier research in the field and bring into effect the starting and catalytic action of research funds for nursing.

Objective:To observe the effect of applying tuina to exterior-interiorly connected meridians for post-stroke upper limb spasticity.
Methods:A total of 150 patients with post-stroke upper limb spasticity were randomly allocated into a treatment group (n=75) and a control group (n=75) by the random number table. Patients in the treatment group received tuina on exterior-interiorly connected meridians, whereas patients in the control group received standard rehabilitation therapy. The therapeutic efficacies in both groups were observed after 3 weeks of treatment.
Results:The total effective rate in the treatment group was 89.3%, versus 61.3% in the control group, showing a statistically significant difference (P<0.05). After the treatment, the muscle tones by the modified Ashworth scale (MAS) were significantly improved in both groups (bothP<0.05); and the improvement of muscle tone was more significant in the treatment group than that in the control group (P<0.05).
Conclusion:Applying tuina to exterior-interiorly connected meridians can obtain an exact efficacy for post-stroke upper limb spasticity.

AIM: To confirm that the inflammation response after mechanical arterial injury correlates with the neointimal hyperplasia in animal model. METHODS: Male Wistar rats underwent left common carotid balloon angioplasty were injected twice with a bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 50 ng/rat) before and after surgery. Next, just after neointima formation, the animals were sacrificed for the evaluation by morphometric analysis, histological observation and immunostaining. Western blot was used to investigate the protein expression of several known mediators of apoptosis. RESULTS: Serum interleukin-1 beta levels as a marker of inflammation were increased after LPS treated. Early neotimal lesions were characterized by intimal thickening and the presence of SMCs. Neointima with smooth muscle alpha-actin negative were observed at 7 days after injured. These areas of neointima demonstrated a relatively high proliferation index by proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) antibody staining, whereas the proliferation index in media was low. Neointimal thickness was significantly increased at 4 weeks after injury in LPS treated animals compared with controls, from (151.2?14.5 to 173.9?15.3) ?m2. Activation of caspase-3 was observed, indicating that smooth muscle cells of neointima was associated with apoptosis. Immunofluorescence analysis revealed NF-?B expression located to the adventitia. CONCLUSIONS: Our results indicate that nonspecific stimulation of low-level LPS facilitates neointimal formation and may be an important factor in the restenosis of angioplasty.

Objective To study any effect of repetitive magnetic stimulation (rMS) on the differentiation and apoptosis of rat neural stem cells in vitro.Methods The bilateral hippocampus of a 3-day old Sprague-Dawley rat was used to culture neural stem cells (NSCs) in vitro.P2 NSCs were differentiated to neurons or astrocytes in differentiation medium and then divided into a control group in which the NSCs differentiated naturally,and an rMS group in which 1000 impulses/day of rMS were applied at 10 Hz once a day for 7 days at 50％ of maximum output.One hour after the last stimulation,immunofluorescence was used to analyze the ratio of neurons and astrocytes,and Western blotting was employed to evaluate the expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP),β-Ⅲ tubulin and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF).NSCs which had differentiated for 7 days without stimulation were then selected and divided into an apoptosis group and an apoptosis+rMS group.The same rMS protocol was applied to the latter group 1h after the apoptosis,and 4h later flow cytometry (anexin V-FITC) was employed to evaluate the apoptosis ratio.Bcl-2,Bax and caspase-3 protein expression were analyzed using Western blotting.Results There were no significant differences between the control and rMS groups in the proportion of NSCs differentiating to neurons or in β-Ⅲ tubulin,GFAP or BDNF protein expression.The cell apoptosis rate of the apoptosis+rMS group was significant lower than in the apoptosis group.Caspase-3,Bcl-2 and Bax protein expression were also significantly different between the two groups.Conclusion rMS at 10Hz for 7 days has no effect on the differentiation of NSCs,but it has a protective effect on neural cells and decreases the apoptosis rate.

Objective To study the mechanism of rats' neural stem cells (NSCs) proliferation in vitro after repetitive magnetic stimulation (rMS).Metbods The bilateral hippocampus of neonatal Sprague-Dawley rats (＜3 d) was taken out to culture NSCs in vitro.The OD value was evaluated with Cell Counting Kit-8 (cck-8) and cell growth curve was generated.The NSCs cultured were divided into a control group and an rMS group.rMS (3 days,once per day) was applied on p2 NSCs at 10 Hz,50％ machine output and 200 pulses per day.One hour after the last rMS,the cck-8 was used to test the cell proliferation,and the western blotting was applied to detect the protein expression of c-fos and p-CREB.Results The nestin fluorescent staining of p2 neurospheres was proved to be neural stem cells.The growth curve indicated that their viability reached the peak on the third day.The OD value in the rMS group (0.309 ± 0.043) showed a significant difference (P ＜ 0.05) after rMS compared with the control group (0.256± 0.043).So did the c-fos and p-CREB protein expression between the two groups (P ＜ 0.01).Conclusion The rMS at 10 Hz can promote rats' NSCs proliferation in vitro,which may be related to the increased expression of p-CREB and c-fos after rMS.

The pharmacokinetics of ibuprofen enantiomers were studied in rats after intravenous and oral administration of ibuprofen arginate by means of a chiral HPLC method. The pharmacokinetics of ibuprofen was stereoselective after intravenous and oral administration of ibuprofen arginate. The pharmacokinetic stereoselectivity was higher after oral administration than that after intravenous administration. The systematic (R)-(-)-to-(S)-(+) inversion might be more important than the presystematic one in the stereoselective pharmacokinetics after oral administration. Oral administration of ibuprofen arginate resulted in a very rapid absorption of (S)-(+)-ibuprofen (eutomer), and the absolute bioavailabilities of (S)-(+)-ibuprofen and (R)-(-)-ibuprofen were about 100% and 80%, respectively. Based on the systemic exposure of (S)-(+)-ibuprofen, it could be concluded that the pharmacological actions might be similar when ibuprofen arginate was given orally and intravenously, except some differences in the onset of action.

BACKGROUND: Learning and memory is a very complex biological phenomenon. Although quite a few researches on the substances participate in learning and memory and the brain areas related with learning and memory,its mechanism is still not completely clarified.OBJECTIVE:ro study the difference of antioxidase activity at different brain area in rats with different ability of learning and memory to reveal the relationship between the ability of learning and memory and the activity of antioxidase in specific brain area.DESIGN: A randomized controlled trial based on the experimental animals.SETTING: Department of Biochemistry in Jining Medical College.MATERIALS: The study was conducted in the Laboratory of Biochemistry of Jining Medical College and Suzbeu Medical College between March 2001 and January 2004. Forty 15-month old male Wistar rats with a body mass between 580 g and 650 g were selected.INTERVENTIONS: The detection of learning memory ability was carried out in MG-2 trisection radiation maze. Correction response was that the rats escaped to safe area after electric shock. Standard of master was that the rats had 9 out of 10 times continuously of correction. Observatory indicators included times of response required reaching the standard and the correct response rate. Good learning. ability meant 40 or less than 40 times of responses to reach standard; otherwise, poor learning ability was considered. Detection was repeated after 24 hours to observe the memory. Good memory meant 3 times continuously of correct response; otherwise, poor memory was considered. Rats with good learning ability and memory were included into group 1 (n= 10) and the rats with poor learning ability and memory were included into group 2( n = 12). The rest rats were washed out.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase(CAT) and glutathione-peroxidase(GSH-Px) of five brain areas including cerebral cortex, cerebella, striatum, hippocampus and hypothalamus in rats of two groups.RESULTS: To compare the rats with poor learning and memory ability with rats with good learning and memory ability: SOD activity in cortex, hippocampus and striatum significantly reduced ( t = 3.82, 4. 50, 6. 76, P ＜0.01); CAT activity in cortex, hippocampus, striatum and hypothalamus significantly reduced(t =4.75, 7.06, 10. 88, 17.28, P＜0.001); and GSH-Px activity was similar in each brain area without statistical significance.CONCLUSION: Hippocampus, cortex, striatum and hypothalamus all might participate in learning memory process, and the activities of antioxidases in these areas are closely related with learning memory.

AIM: To determine the evolutionary pattern of parenchymal cell apoptosis in multiple organs early after intestinal ischemia-reperfusion(I/R) and its induction mechanisms and the role of apoptosis in triggering SIRS/MODS. METHODS: An I/R model was reproduced by clipping and releasing the superior mesenteric artery in rats and mice. Flow cytometry, electron microscope, DNA agarose gel electrophoresis, TUNEL method, fluorescent and Gomori's silver-HE staining were used to detect apoptosis. Distribution features of apoptotic parenchymal cells in multiple organs were observed. Immunohistochemical staining of HSP 70 and Bcl-2 were performd to study the induction mechanisms of apoptosis.RESULTS and CONCLUSION: 1. Damage of the liver, lung, gut and kidney was appeared in early phase of I/R. The percentages of apoptosis in parenchyma organs increased progressively. The percentages of cell necrosis increased with the prolonged I/R duration. 2. Percentages of apoptosis were much higher near the central veins of liver lobules, in the outer medulla of the kidney, and the antimescenteric border of intestinal mucosal epithelium because of ischemia. 3. The expression of HSP 70 increased and Bcl-2 reduced in the areas mentioned above because of hypoperfusion. 4. Apoptosis of I/R hepatocytes, splenocytes and thymocytes was obviously increased after Kupffer cell blockage with GdCl3, showing the functional state of Kupffer cells may play an important role in SIRS/MODS.

Objective To investigate the effect of electroacupuncture (EA) combined with repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation ( rTMS) on postsynaptic density 95 ( PSD- 95) in the hippocampus of rats after cerebral ischemia. Methods Sixty healthy male Wistar rats were divided into normal, model, EA, rTMS and EA + rTMS groups randomly, and the rats in each group were further divided into 7 d, 14 d and 28 d subgroups. A model of middle cerebral artery occlusion ( MCAO) was established, followed by EA, rTMS or EA + rTMS treat-ment. The expression of PSD-95 in the dentate gyros and area CA3 of the hippocampus of the ischemic cerebral hemisphere were investigated. Results The expression of PSD-95 in the dentate gyrus and area CA3 of the ische-mic cerebral hemisphere had decreased 7 d after cerebral ischemia. The expression of PSD-95 in the three treat-ment groups increased after 14 d of treatment and was significantly greater compared with the model group after 28 d of treatment. The EA + rTMS group was especially superior to the EA and rTMS groups in terms of the expression of PSD-95 in area CA3 by the 28th day. Conclusions EA + rTMS can significantly increase the expression of PSD-95 in the hippocampus after cerebral ischemia. This may help explain how EA + rTMS improves learning and mem-ory after cerebral ischemia.