The rats were exposed to 20Gy of X-ray one time systemically to imitate the model of AIRS. By using immunocytochemistry, immunoelectromicroscopy and microspectrophotometry (MSP) technique , the changes of rat thyroid gland C cells in AIRS were investigated. The results show that, the changes of C cells could be divided into two phases. In the first phase (the first 24 h after irradiation) , no obvious morphological change could be observed, whereas the concentration of serum calcium (CSC) dropped remarkably. It seems that the synthesis and secretion of calcilonin (CT) within C cells might increase during this period. The second phase is from 24th h to 72th h after irradiation, the TA (total absorbance) measured by MSP reduced. and the ultrastructural pictures showed progressive destructive changes. All these findings suggest that: The C cells of rat thyroid gland, as a kind of APUD system cell, is no doubt involved in the AIRS pathological changes. The possible pathogenic mechanism was briefly discussed.

Objective To study the effects of RNA interference(RNAi)-mediated silencing of mitofusin-2 (Mfn2) gene on glycornetabolism and insulin resistance in BALB/c mice. Methods Mfn2 short hairpin RNA (shRNA) and negative control green fluorescent protein(GFP) -expressed plasmid vectors were constructed. 44 mice were randomly divided into transfection group (Mfn2) and negative control group (HK). 1.5 ml GFP-expressed plasmid(negative control or Mfn2 shRNA,75 μg for each mouse)was injected into the mice in 5 seconds through vena caudalis. Five days later, intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test (IPGTT) and intraperitoneal insulin tolerance test(IPITT)were performed to evaluate glycometabolism and insulin sensitivity. D-3-[3~H]-glucose in PBS buffer were injected via the tail vein. Blood samples were taken at specific time points. Radioactivity was measured in all samples with liquid scintillation counter. The rates of hepatic glucose production in vivo were calculated. Mfn2 protein expression in hepatic tissue was detected by Western blot. Results Compared with HK mice, the Mfn2 expressions of Mfn2 mice decreased markedly(8.05±0.15 vs 8.56±0.01 ,P<0.05). The fasted blood glucose leves [(6.95±0. 83 vs 4.68±0. 29) mmol/L,P<0. 05] in Mfn2 mice were higher than those in HK mice. The insulin sensitivity of Mfn2 mice decreased markedly compared with HK mice. The rate of hepatic glucose production was significantly elevated in Mfn2 mice [(49.53±16.31)μmol·kg~(-1)·min~(-1)],compared with negative control mice[(24.91±4.07)μmol·kg~(-1)·min~(-1),P<0.05].Conclusion The down-regulatd expression of Mfn2 induces glycometabolic disorder and insulin resistance in BALB/c mice. Mfn2 plays an important role in maintaining glucose homeostasis in vivo.

ObjectiveTo evaluate the clinical efficacy of intravenous catheter in combination with ultraviolet radiation for postherpetic neuralgia (PHN).Methods96 patients with PHN were randonly divided into three groups.Intravenous catheter plus UVB radiation was given in the test group(32 patients).Intravenous catheter or UVB radiation was only given in two control groups (32 patients/group), respectively.ResultsThe total effective rate in the test group was 96.88％ (31/32) and the average onset time was 1.55 days.However,the total effective rate in two control groups was 81.25％ (26/32) and 68.75％ (22/32) ,and the average onset time was 2.48 days and 7.41days.There was a statistical difference observed in curative rate (x2 = 5.33,42.42, P ＜ 0.05 or P ＜ 0.01), the total effective rate(x2 =4.59,8.89,P＜0.05 or P＜0.01) and the average onset time(t =22.96,11.96,all P＜0.01)between the test group and two control groups.Moreove,there was also a statistical difference observed in curative rate (x2 = 22.44, P ＜ 0.001) and the average onset time (t = 29.30, P ＜ 0.01) between two control groups.ConclusionIntravenous catheter in combination with UVB radiation was much better than intravenous catheter or UVB radiation only in the treatment of PHN.

Objective To assess the efficacy of Ezscan in evaluating the risk of cardiac autonomic neuropathy (CAN) in diabetes. Methods This study included 144 patients with diabetes. Their serum lipid profile and HbA1c were determined. The heart rate variability was assessed by Holter, and the cardiac autonomic neuropathy by classic experiments. Meanwhile, Ezscan was carried out. Results There was a positive correlation between low frequency (LF) measurements by Holter and Ezscan score( r=0. 39, P＜0. 01 ), so did LF/HF and Ezscan score( r=0. 28, P＜0. 01 ). Correlations between Ezscan score and other Holter parameters were weaker. There was no correlation between HbA1c and LF measurements. In patients with positive classic experiments, the sensitivity and specificity of Ezscan were 58. 3% and 57.8% respectively. Conclusions Ezscan test is a valuable screening procedure for detecting diabetic complications. It is more facilitative and takes shorter time than does the classical autonomic function assessment.

Objective To explore the clinical characteristics and management of kidney transplantation in the older adults.Method Forty older kidney recipients (≥60 years old) and 777 younger (18～59 years old) recipients from June 2009 to December 2012 were retrospectively reviewed to evaluate the clinical characteristics and managements.Result Of 40 older recipients,the comorbidities of diabetes and coronary artery disease in older group were higher than in the younger (25％ vs.4.9％,and 32.50％ vs.11.38％).During the first 6 months,7 older patients died,among which 4 died from severe pneumonia,2 from heart failure and 1 from pulmonary embolism.There were 31 deaths in younger group,among which 21 died from severe pneumonia,4 from heart failure,5 from cerebrovascular accident and 2 from pulmonary embolism.The mortality in the older group was higher than in the younger group (17.5％ vs.4.6％).Six-month and 3-year survival rate in the older recipients was lower than the younger recipients (81.56％ vs.95.35％,and 81.56％ vs.94.5％,respectively).Six-month graft survival rate and 3-year survival rate in the older group were also lower than in the younger group (78.75％ vs.92.02％,and 68.82％ vs.85.40％).At the 1st and 2nd year during follow-up,the serum creatinines in the older group were close to those in the younger group,while lower level was observed 3 years after transplantation in the older patients (89.38 ± 11.34 (mol/ L vs.116.57±48.68 (mol/L).Conclusion The patients with ESRD older than 60 years have more preoperative concomitant diseases and worse health status,which contribute to the complex clinical characteristics.More aggressive indication selection,sufficient pre-operative preparation,wellmatched histocompatibility and high quality of donor kidney are the key factors of successful transplantation.Optimized immunosuppressant therapy,delicate perioperative management,preventve and effective treatment of related complications are necessary to promote the survival of recipients and graft in long term.

Objective To study the relationships of health risk factors and health-related presenteeism in medical personnel of a tertiary grade A hospital. Methods A literature review and expert consultation were used to identify 14 health risk factors included in the survey, and the Michigan's Health Risk Appraisal Questionnaire was modified. Medical personnel of a tertiary grade A hospital in Beijing were selected for this cross-sectional study, including doctors, nurses, medical technicians, pharmacists, as well as scientific researchers, and staff members responsible for education, medical affairs, journal editors and other work. Physical measurement and questionnaire survey were conducted to collect demographic data, distribution of health risk factors of medical staff, and productivity information. Results Among 14 health risk factors, pressure or stress had the highest proportion (80.2%), followed by poor quality of sleep (63.7%), high blood lipid (33.8%), low physical activity (30.9%), and unreasonable diet (29.6%). Medical staff of different ages( c 2=16.141, P=0.001) and different occupations( c 2=15.982, P=0.003) had different probability of presenteeism. Medical staff under 30 years of age were most likely to be presenteeism (38.3%). The probability of presenteeism in nurse was the highest(56.2%). Under a high pressure and taking relax medicine seemed more likely to be presenteeism. Conclusion In the 14 kinds of health risk factors, pressure and taking relax medicine in medical staff may be associated with health-related presenteeism.

Objective To investigate the regulatory effects of Zishen Yutai Pills on the expression levels of homeboxA10 (HOXA10) and its downstream target gene empty spiracles homebox 2 (EMX2) in the endometria of ovulation-inducing mice at different implantation stages. Methods Seventy-five estrous female Kunming mice were randomly divided into 5 groups, namely normal group, model group 1, model group 2, treatment group 1, treatment group 2, 15 mice in each group. The model group 1 was given short-term protocol for ovulation induction; the model group 2 was given long-term protocol for ovulation induction; the treatment group 1 was given Zishen Yutai pills (at the dose of 0.4 g/mL) on the basis of the protocol for the model group 1; the treatment group 2 was given Zishen Yutai Pills (at the dose of 0.4 g/mL) on the basis of the protocol for the model group 2; the normal group was given intragastric administration or intraperitoneal injection of the same volume of normal saline. The mRNA and protein expression levels of HOXA10 and EMX2 in mouse uterus were detected by real-time fluorescent quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and Western blot method, respectively. Results Compared with the normal group, the mRNA and protein expression levels of HOXA10 were decreased, and the mRNA and protein expression levels of EMX2 were increased in model group 1 and model group 2(P< 0.01). Compared with the corresponding model group 1 and 2, the mRNA and protein expression levels of HOXA10 were significantly up-regulated (P < 0.01) , and the mRNA and protein expression levels of EMX2 were decreased in the treatment group 1 and 2 (P < 0.01), respectively. Conclusion Zishen Yutai Pills may improve mouse endometrial receptivity by up-regulating HOXA10 expression and inhibiting EMX2 expression.

Objective To summarize the clinical experience of antibody induction therapy in renal re-transplantations and compare the outcomes among different antibodies.Methods We retrospectively investigated 39 recipients after renal re-transplantations in our center.According to the induction agents,patients were divided into three groups as follows:basiliximab (Bax) group (patients treated with Bax,n =12),T lymphocyte polyclonal antibody (ALG) group (patients treated with ALG,n =19) and thymoglobuline (ATG) group (patients treated with ATG,n =8).Incidence of acute rejection,graft loss and cytomegalovirus infection was analyzed,as well as graft survival rate and serum creatinine one year after transplantation.Results Acute rejection occurred in 5 patients of Bax group (5/12,41.7 ％),in 9 patients of ALG group (9/19,47.4 ％) and 1 patient of ATG group (1/8,12.5 ％).The acute rejection rate was similar in Bax and ALG groups,but significantly decreased in ATG group.The 1-year survival rate of re-transplant recipients was 84.6 ％.There were no significant differences in 1-year survival rote between Bax group and ALG group (82.4 ％ vs 80.5 ％),while ATG group showed higher survival rate (90.8 ％).The renal function in ATG group was improved at 1st year after re-transplantation:serum creatinine (121.3 ± 22.6) μmol/L vs (176.8±43.5)μmol/L in Bax group and (195.4 ± 35.2) μmol/L in ALG group respectively.There were 2patients with CMV infection in Bax group,3 patients in ALG group and 2 patients in ATG group.There was no significant increase in infection incidence between ATG group and Bax or ALG groups during the follow-up period.Conclusion Retrospective analysis from monocenter and small samples indicated that ATG induction treatment seems to be effective in decreasing acute rejection risk andachieving better outcomes in the renal re-transplant recipients without increased CMV infection incidence.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of mizroribine (MZR) in early postoperative renal transplantations.MethodsA single center, perspective, randomized and controlled clinical study was performed on 61 renal transplant recipients.Forty-eight after operation,patients were randomized into 2 groups as follows:(1) MZR group:33 cases of renal transplant recipients were administrated orally with MZR combined with tacrolimus and prednisone;(2)mycophenolate (MMF) group:28 cases were administrated with MMF combined with tacrolimus and prednisone.The dose of MZR was 150 mg for the weight under 50 kg and 200 mg for the others.The dose of MMF was 1.5～2.0 g/d for the weight above 70 kg,1.5 g/d for 50～70 kg and 1.0 g/d for ＜50 kg.The dose of tacrolimus was 0.1 ～0.15 mg· kg-1 ·day-1.All the patients were given 20 mg basiliximab as induction therapy 2 h preoperation and 4 days post-operation.Acute rejection incidence,renal graft survival rate,morbidity of hyperuricemia,marrow depression,cytomegalovirus infection and severe gastrointestinal side effects were analyzed during a follow-up period of 6 months.Results Acute rejection incidencein two groups was 15.2％ and 10.7％ respectively,and graft survival rate was 97.0％ and 89.3％ respectively.There were no significant differences in acute rejection incidence and renal graft survival rate between two groups.There were also no significant differences in the morbidity of hyperuricemia,marrow depression and gastrointestinal side effects between two groups.Although there were no significant differences in infection morbidity between two groups,more cytomegalovirus infection recipients were observed in the MMF group.ConclusionIt demonstrated that under the intensive monitoring,MZR was safe and effective for renal transplant recipients.

Insulin sensitivity,β-cell function and serum high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP)levels were observed in obese and non-obese normoglycemic first-degree relatives of type 2 diabetic patients (FDR). The results showed that there existed insulin resistance,β-cell dysfunction and increased serum hs-CRP level in obese FDR of type 2 diabetic patients. Moreover, insulin resistance and increased CRP level were positively related to waist circumference.