Objective To explore the demands of nursing staff on nursing repository and provide reference for the develop-ment of nursing repository. Methods In-depth interview was conducted on 21 nursing staff by qualitative research. The themes were formed by category analysis. Results There were four themes about the demands of nursing staff on nursing repository:necessity to develop nursing repository ,contents of the repository ,forms of the repository and prospect of the reposi-tory. Conclusions Nursing staff need a nursing repository. They hope that the repository can provide comprehensive,concrete and practical knowledge,and provide a good interface with digitization. The design of repository should be consistent with in-ternational standards.

An analytical method was developed for the simultaneous extraction and determination of three quaternary ammonium compouds ( QACs) in soil samples using ultrasonic extraction and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry( GC-MS) . The qualitative and quantitative analysis of the three analytes dodecyltrimethyl ammonium chloride ( DTAC) , cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide ( CTAB) and didodecyldimethyl ammonium chloride ( DDAC) were conducted by application of EI mass spectra and selected ion monioring ( SIM ) . Characteristic ions of the QACs were m/z 58 ( DTAC and CTAB) and m/z 212 ( DDAC) . To achieve optimum extraction efficiency, several impact factors including types of extractants, pH of extraction, concentration of linear alkylbenzene sulfonates ( LAS) , extraction times and content of purification column were investigated. Methanol with pH 3. 5 and 40 μg/L LAS solution were selected as extractant. Soil sample was extracted by treated methanol each 10 mL for 20 min every time. Extract of the soil sample was purified by neutral alumina column with 4 cm in length and 1cm in diameter, and then was determineted by GC-MS. Good linear relationships of all the three QACs were obtained in the range of 0. 02-2. 0 mg/L. The limits of determination (LOD, S/N=3) was 1. 2-4. 5 μg/kg. The method was used to analyse real soil samples ( paddy soil, lateritic red soil, and ore tailings) collected from a mining district in south China. Results of determination exhibited the concerntrations of the three analytes in real soil samples ranged from 0 . 24 mg/kg to 0. 41 mg/kg, and their recoveries ranged from 76% to 113% with relative standard deviations ( RSD) of 1. 1%-12. 9% in three different spiked concentrations of 0. 2, 0. 5 and 1. 0 mg/kg.

Objective To investigate the current staffing of nurses and need of hospital nursing human resources in China.Methods Data were collected from 181 secondary and tertiary hospitals and 9774 nurses in mainland China by questionnaires.Results The average doctor-nurse ratio was 1 ∶ 1.39 in tertiary hospitals and 1 ∶ 1.31 in secondary hospitals.The doctor-nurse ratios in 164 hospitals (97.6％) and the proportion of nurses in health care staff in 105 hospitals (61.8％) had not reached the standard set by the Ministry of Health of China.62.3％ nurses held secondary diploma for their initial nursing education.The constituent ratio of nurses held secondary diploma decreased,while the ratio of nurses held advanced diploma and bachelor degree increased in the last 5 years from 2003 to 2007.Sixty percent of newly employed nurses were contract nurses in 2003.The proportion increased to 78％ in 2007,and in some regions it accounted for more than 90％ of new nurses.The needs and constituent ratio of nurses with.secondary diploma and advanced diploma would decrease while nurses with bachelor degree and master degree would increase in the next 5 years (from 2009 to 2013).Conclusions The nursing shortage is still severe in China,and nursing staff mainly held secondary diploma for their initial nursing education.Most of new nurses were employed as conwact nurses.The need of hospitals for nurses has increased,especially for nurses with higher educational level such as bachelor degree and master degree,while the need for secondary diploma hold ers have decreased.The need for advanced diploma holders has increased in the last 5 years and would decrease in the next 5 years,but they would still be the majority of employed nurses.The authors suggested that the staffing of nursing manpower,the work environments and career development of contract nurses should be improved,and the initial nursing education should be upgraded to meet the needs of hospitals.

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the characteristics of pediatric drug-induced liver injury (DILI) in China,and to provide reference for reducing ADR.METHODS:Using"liver injury liver damage hepatotoxicity hepatitis liver disease""drug induced children" as keywords,related domestic literatures were retrieved from CNKI and Wanfang database during 2007-2016,clinical information of DILI children in literatures were recorded in detail and analyzed comprehensively.RESULTS:A total of 363 literatures were retrieved,including 13 effective literatures and 665 children in total.There were 424 boys (63.76％)and 241 girls (36.24％),with ratio of 1.76 ∶ 1.The youngest child was 1 month old,the oldest child was 14 years old;the average age was 7.87 years,337 children aged more then 7 years old,accounting for 50.68％.Top 3 primary diseases were respiratory tract infection (40 cases,31.50％),hematologic diseases (29 cases,22.83％) and tumor (14 cases,11.02％).Top 3 pediatric DILI-inducing drug types were antibiotics (245 cases,34.41％),TCM (143 cases,20.08％) and antipyretic analgesics (113 cases,15.87％).DILI usually happened within 4 weeks (332 cases,82.18％).The most common clinical classification was hepatocellular type (382 cases,65.30％).The severity of liver injury was mainly mild and moderate (505 cases,86.32％),and 80 cases were severe (13.68％),including 31 cases of hepatic failure (5.30％).Clinical symptoms mainly manifested as anorexia,jaundice,nausea,vomiting,hypodynamia and abdominal discomfort.After drug withdreawd and treatment,96.54％ of the patients were recovered or cured,and 4 cases died (0.60％).CONCLUSIONS:Under the premise of rational use of drugs,it is necessary to carry out medication education and supervision for antibiotics,TCM and antipyretic analgesics which mainly induce pediatric DILI,pay attention to allergic history and evaluate the progress of extrahepatic symptoms.When ADR occurred,the timely and drug withdrawal intervention are conducted to improve good prognosis.

Objective: To explore the feasibility and clinical effect of autologous fat concentrate combined with split-thickness skin grafts in the repair of venous ulcer. Methods: From January 2015 to December 2018, a total of 16 patients diagnosed with venous ulcer were admitted to our department, and all patients received symptomatic and supportive treatment such as local debridement and dressing change. After the granulation tissue grew well, all patients received autologous adipose concentrate combined with spilit-thickness skin graft for repair. Results: All the grafted skin survived well, and the survival rate of grafted skin at 2 weeks after surgery was 86% to 99%. All patients were followed up to 6 months after surgery. The wounds of all patients were healed during the follow-up period. One patient suffered local ulcer recurrence due to repeated friction after healing and the ulcer recovered after dressing changing treatment. All the other patients had no recurrence during the follow-up period. The scar hyperplasia in the skin transplantation area was not obvious and the healing quality was good. No significant surgical complications occurred. Conclusions Autologous lipoconcentrate combined with split-thickness skin grafts is an effective and safe method in the repair of venous ulcer, and the application of autologous lipoconcentrate can effectively improve the survival rate and healing quality of skin grafts.

Liver cancer is one of the most common cancers in China. In recent years, liver cancer tends to be treated with comprehensive therapies, including surgery, ablation, interventional embolization, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, targeted therapy, immunotherapy, and liver transplantation. At present, the low surgical resectionrate is one of the main factors affecting the prognosis of liver cancer patients. Preoperative neoadjuvant therapy or conversion therapy for liver cancer can maximize the rate of surgical resection and improve the prognosis. With the rapid development of radiotherapy and immunotherapy in the comprehensive treatment of liver cancer, it has been gradually confirmed that the unique effects of preoperative radiotherapy and immune therapy for liver cancer can improve the prognosis of the patients. Therefore, this paper reviewed the research progress in the preoperative radiotherapy and immunotherapy for liver cancer by searching relevant literature and reports at home and abroad.

Objective To study the prevalence of cigarettes and e-cigarettes, and to analyze its influencing factors among high school students in Wenzhou. Methods:A self-administered questionnaire survey was conducted among a total of 3 785students from senior high schools and vocational high schools in Wenzhou from September to November in 2020, who were selected by stratified cluster sampling. Their demographic information and the use of tobacco [including the use of cigarettes, e-cigarettes (currently smoking and smoking attempt), and the dual use of them] were asked in the questionnaire of “Global Youth Tobacco Survey”(GYTS). Proportion and rate were used to describe their demographic characteristics and smoking prevalence. Chi-square test was used to compare the difference in smoking prevalence of the high school students with selected characteristics. Multinomial logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of tobacco use among the participants.Results:Among the 3 785 questionnaires, 3 740 were completed, and effective rate was 98.80%. The smoking attempt rate, current smoking rate, e-cigarette attempt rate, e-cigarette using rate, and dual using rate of the high school students in Wenzhou were 11.79% (441/3 740), 2.57% (96/3 740), 10.00% (374/3 740), 2.86% (107/3 740), 0.99% (37/3 740), respectively. Male students, vocational high school students, the students whose parents smoking showed higher smoking attempt rate, current smoking rate, e-cigarette attempt rate than female student, senior high school students and those parents who don′t smoke, respectively (all P<0.05). Best friend smoking [6.076 (2.872-12.855); 4.630 (2.656-8.071)], vocational high school [3.226 (1.877-5.546); 2.238 (1.432-3.496)] were risk factors for e-cigarette and the cigarettes use, belief that whether smoking or not does not make any difference in social activities [0.160 (0.077-0.331); 0.193 (0.096-0.387)], or smoking in social activities makes people more uncomfortable [0.037 (0.018-0.077); 0.155 (0.083-0.288)] were protective factors of e-cigarette and the cigarettes use. Additionally, passive smoking in past week [2.194 (1.129-4.262)], free tobacco products received [2.836 (1.018-7.905)], seeing smoking in campus [2.072 (1.111-3.863)] were all risk factors, while belief that smoking makes young people less attractive [0.280 (0.116-0.676)], not having been to tobacco retail outlets and unexposed to tobacco advertising or promotion [0.241 (0.123-0.473)] can protect senior middle school student away from cigarette. As to e-cigarette, boys were the risk factors [1.831 (1.100-3.050)]; as opposed to being a risk factor for cigarette use [1.942 (1.084-3.478)], rural area was a protective factor for e-cigarette use [0.639 (0.410-0.994)] among high school students in Wenzhou. Conclusions:High school students have relatively low rates of smoking cigarettes and e-cigarette in Wenzhou. Vocational students, best friend smoking are risk factors of e-cigarette and the cigarettes, beliefs that whether smoking or not does not make any difference or smoking makes people more uncomfortable in social activities are protective factors.

Objective:To study the clinical characteristics of ureaplasma urealyticum (UU) infection in preterm infants with gestational age <34 weeks.Methods:From January 2017 to December 2021, premature infants with gestational age <34 weeks admitted to neonatal department of our hospital were enrolled in this prospective cohort study. UU-DNA from respiratory tract samples were examined using quantitative fluorescence polymerase chain reaction method. The infants were assigned into UU (+) group and UU (-) group. Perinatal factors and clinical characteristics were compared between the two groups.Results:A total of 182 preterm infants were enrolled, including 59 cases (32.4%) in UU (+) group and 123 (67.6%) in UU (-) group. UU (+) group had significantly lower gestational age and birth weight and significantly higher incidences of vaginal delivery, premature rupture of membranes (PROM) >18 h and maternal chorioamnionitis than UU (-) group ( P<0.05). Compared with UU (-) group, UU (+) group had significantly higher leucocyte count, neutrophil count and interleukin-6 at 1, 24 and 72 h after birth ( P<0.05). No significant differences existed in C-reactive protein and procalcitonin between the two groups at each time point ( P>0.05). In UU (+) group, the incidences of intrauterine pulmonary infection and bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) were higher and the incidence of respiratory distress syndrome was lower than UU (-) group ( P<0.05). No significant differences existed in the incidences of intraventricular hemorrhage, periventricular leukomalacia, feeding intolerance, necrotizing enterocolitis, retinopathy of prematurity between the two groups ( P>0.0 5). UU (+) group had significantly longer duration of oxygen therapy than UU (-) group ( P<0.05). No significant differences existed in the duration of invasive mechanical ventilation and hospital stay between the two groups ( P>0.05). Conclusions:Preterm infants <34 weeks with positive UU in respiratory tract secretions have higher incidences of vaginal delivery, PROM>18 h and maternal chorioamnionitis. Leukocyte and neutrophil count and interleukin -6 are higher in these infants. They need prolonged oxygen therapy and have increased risks of intrauterine pulmonary infection and BPD.