The corneal asphericity refers to most normal corneal surface is an aspherical flat oval,which is helpful to improve the visual quality.In most cases,corneal aspherical coefficient Q-value is negative,and different normal Q-value is reported in literatures,corneal Q-value is influenced by many factors,quadrants have great effects on it,the influence of age is weak,there are correlation between myopic degree,ocular axial length,radius of curvature,intraocular pressure and Q-value.The corneal refractive surgery is one of the most important methods to correct refractive errors,but it has negative effects on the corneal asphericity,and then results in glare,visual quality degradation and other issues.Different corneal refractive surgeries would have different effects on the corneal asphericity.Wavefront aberration-guided femtosecond laser in situ keratomileusis(LASIK) surgery and Q-value guide LASIK are superior to standardized LASIK,the change of Q-value after femtosecond lenticule extraction (FLEx) surgery is less than that after wavefront aberration guided LASIK.The influence of femtosecond laser in situ keratomileusis (FS-LASIK) and small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) on Q-value are rarely reported.In addition,the Q-value changes from negative to positive after corneal refractive surgery of myopia,the variation tendency is opposite after hyperopia surgery.Q-value variation is highly correlated to spherical equivalent,the impact of laser and healing still needs further exploration.In order to further exploring of the corneal asphericity and getting a better effect of surgery,here is a review about normal corneal asphericity and the effects of the corneal refractive surgery on it.

Objective To explore the expression of b-cell lymphoma/leukemia-2 (bcl-2) and breast cancer drug-resistant protein (BCRP) in diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) and their correlation. Methods Using flow cytometry (FCM) and semi-quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay the expressions of BCRP gene was analysed in 40 DLBCL samples. bcl-2 protein were measured by immunohistochemistry on paraffin-embedded slices in 40 cases of DLBCL. Results The positive expression rate of bcl-2 and BCRP protein were 60.0 % (24/40) and 37.5 % (15/40) in 40 patients with DLBCL respectively. There was significant differences between positive group and negative groups (x2 = 5.7618,P <0.05; x2 = 6.5541,P <0.05). There was no significant correlation between Bcl-2 and BCRP gene in effective treatment group and therapies group or progress group (x2 = 2.0263,P >0.05). Conclusion BCRP may play an important role in DLBCL primary much medicine drug-resistant,thus it may be a useful prediction of chemotherapeutic treatment and risk of relapse. The level bcl-2 expression was closely related with the grade of malignancy and the prognosis of DLBCL. There was no significant correlation between bcl-2 and BCRP gene. The detection of bcl-2 and BCRP gene played an important role in evaluating DLBCL outcome.

Background Measurement of corneal thickness is of great significance for the design of refractive surgery and the diagnosis of eye diseases,measuring equipments and technology develop rapidly in recent years.Optovue iVue OCT is a new frequency-domain optical coherence tomography (OCT),to compare its results with those of Pentacam and Visante OCT is helpful to objectively assess the clinical value of Optovue iVue OCT.Objective This study was to investigate the repeatability of corneal thickness measurement with Optovue iVue OCT and the comparatbility with Pentacam three-dimensional anterior segment analysis diagnostic system and Visante OCT.In addition,this study attempted to analyze the distribution of average corneal thickness in each quadrant by Optovue iVue OCT.Methods The corneal thicknesses of the corneal thinnest point,the central point and 3:00,6:00,9:00,12:00 zones 1 mm away from the center of the cornea were measured in 45 right eyes of 45 subjects with myopia using Optovue iVue OCT,Pentacam and Visante OCT in Tianjin Eye Hospital.Interclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was used to analyze the repeatability of measurement by Optovue iVue OCT.The agreements between Optovue iVue OCT and Pentacam or Visante OCT were evaluated by Bland-Altman test.The corneal area of 1.0-2.5 mm away from the center was divided into eight quadrants and the average corneal thickness of each quadrant was measured and analysis with Optovue iVue OCT.Results No significant difference was found in corneal thickness values for 3 times by Optovue iVue OCT (P=0.546).The ICC by Optovue iVue OCT was 99.92％,99.99％,99.96％,99.99％,99.99％ and 99.97％ at the corneal thinnest point,the central point and 3:00,6:00,9:00,12:00 zones respectively.There were significant differences among the 3 kinds of methods (P =0.000,0.001,0.000,0.003,0.002,0.000).The measured values of Optovue iVue OCT were significantly lower mean 24.20 μm than those of Pentacam (P=0.000,0.001,0.000,0.003,0.004,0.000),but only the value at 12:00 zone of Optovue iVue OCT was evidently declined in comparison with that of Visante OCT (P =0.016),there were no significant differences between all the other zones (P =1.000,0.447,0.239,1.000,1.000).While the mean corneal thickness value from Pentacam lowed by 14.01 μm in comparison with Visante OCT,all zones had significant differences (P =0.009,0.005,0.034,0.017,0.008) except the central point (P =0.056).Based on the Optovue iVue OCT,the thinnest zone was at temporal quadrant in 23 eyes (accounting for 51.11％) and at superior quadrant or super nasal quadrant in 21 eyes (both at 46.66％).Conclusions Optovue iVue OCT measurement of corneal thickness is of high repeatability and is consistent with Visante OCT in myopic eye.Optovue iVue OCT shows evident difference from Pentacam in the measurement of corneal thickness.The thinnest point of the cornea is mainly in the inferior temporal quadrant and the thickest point is commonly in superior quadrant and nasal superior quadrant based on Optovue iVue OCT.

Objective To estimate the dietary diversity,overweight and obesity of the rural adults aged 18-65 years in Jilin Province by diet diversity score(DDS),and to analyze the association between dietary diversity and overweight,obesity.Methods A representative sample of 674 rural residents was selected by a multistage sampling method from Jilin Province in 2012 June to July. A validated semi-quantitative food-frequency questionnaire was used to assess the usual food intake. The height and body weight were measured and the body mass index (BMI)was calculated. Logistic regression analysis was applied to calculate the risk of overweight and obesity for different DDS,after adjusted for mixed factors.Results 62.4% people in rural scored ≥6 while 1 1.8% people in rural scored ≤3.The detection rate of obesity of the rural adults in Jilin Province was higher than the mean level in China .For rural adults with moderate and adequate diversity score, the risk of overweight and obesity was 0.946 and 0.816 times the risk of overweight and obesity of the rural adults with pool diversity score. Conclusion Diet diversity of the rural adults in Jilin Province is low.The risk of overweight and obesity is high;the risk of obesity is decreased with the increasing of diet diversity level.

Permanent magnet motor has been widely used in the field of artificial heart pump due to its high power density, high stability and easy control. In this paper, the development history and research progress of permanent magnet motor for blood pump were described. Firstly, the motors were classified according to their structures and application scenarios. And then, the measures taken by different types of motors to meet the corresponding performance requirements were introduced, and the specific application cases were given. After that, commonly used control algorithms of these motors were enumerated. What's more, the advantages and disadvantages of the control algorithms and their application emphasis were carefully explained. Finally, the paper was summarized in short.
Algorithms ; Blood Substitutes ; Heart, Artificial ; Magnetics ; Magnets ; Prosthesis Design

Objective: To explore the feasibility and clinical effect of autologous fat concentrate combined with split-thickness skin grafts in the repair of venous ulcer. Methods: From January 2015 to December 2018, a total of 16 patients diagnosed with venous ulcer were admitted to our department, and all patients received symptomatic and supportive treatment such as local debridement and dressing change. After the granulation tissue grew well, all patients received autologous adipose concentrate combined with spilit-thickness skin graft for repair. Results: All the grafted skin survived well, and the survival rate of grafted skin at 2 weeks after surgery was 86% to 99%. All patients were followed up to 6 months after surgery. The wounds of all patients were healed during the follow-up period. One patient suffered local ulcer recurrence due to repeated friction after healing and the ulcer recovered after dressing changing treatment. All the other patients had no recurrence during the follow-up period. The scar hyperplasia in the skin transplantation area was not obvious and the healing quality was good. No significant surgical complications occurred. Conclusions Autologous lipoconcentrate combined with split-thickness skin grafts is an effective and safe method in the repair of venous ulcer, and the application of autologous lipoconcentrate can effectively improve the survival rate and healing quality of skin grafts.

Objective:To investigate the clinical efficacy and safety of chidamide monotherapy or its combination of chemotherapy in the treatment of peripheral T-cell lymphoma (PTCL).Methods:The clinical data of 40 cases PTCL patients (26 cases newly diagnosed PTCL and 14 cases relapsed/refractory PTCL) treated with chidamide between December 2015 and April 2019 in Shanxi Provincial Cancer Hospital were retrospectively analyzed. The overall response rate (ORR), progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS) of the patients were observed, and the adverse reactions were analyzed.Results:ORR of all patients was 70.0% (28/40), ORR of the newly diagnosed group was 80.8% (21/26), ORR of the relapsed/refractory group ORR was 50.0% (7/14). The short-term efficacy of the newly diagnosed group was better than that of the relapsed/refractory group ( P = 0.049). The ORR of prognostic index for PTCL (PIT) 0-1 score group was 83.3% (10/12), PIT 2-4 score group was 78.6% (11/14); the therapeutic efficacy of PIT 0-1 score group was better than that of PIT 2-4 score group, and the difference between the two groups was not statistically significant ( P = 0.578). ORR of angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma (AITL) and PTCL not otherwise specified (PTCL-NOS) subtype in the newly diagnosed group was 90.0% (9/10). The median follow-up time was 14.5 months. The median PFS time was 12 months in the newly diagnosed group, 1-year PFS rate and OS rate was 49.6% and 84.2%, 2-year PFS rate and OS rate was 35.9% and 57.4%. The median PFS time was 7 months in the relapsed/refractory group, 1-year PFS rate was 28.6%, 1-year OS rate was 49.0%. There was no Ⅲ-Ⅳ neutropenia and Ⅲ-Ⅳ gastrointestinal reaction in the chidamide monotherapy group; the incidence of Ⅲ-Ⅳdegree neutropenia was 39.4% (13/33) in the chidamide combined with chemotherapy. The incidence of Ⅲ-Ⅳ degree gastrointestinal response rate was 27.3% (9/33), and there was no Ⅲ-Ⅳ degree of liver and kidney dysfunction. Conclusion:Chidamide has good short-term efficacy in newly treated or relapsed/refractory PTCL patients. All patients are well tolerated with chidamide monotherapy or its combination of chemotherapy.

Objective: To investigate the effects of different developmental patterns on the increases of thyroid volume in children from different genders and periods, and to explore whether there is a synergistic effect on the initiation of puberty in girls, so as to provide a theoretical basis for reducing the risk of thyroid abnormalities in adulthood. Methods: A multi-stage cluster sampling was used to select a primary school in Minhang District of Shanghai, Haimen City of Jiangsu Province and Yuhuan city of Zhejiang Province. A total of 784 children aged 8-10 years old were included in "8-10 years school-aged children cohort". At the same time, a total of 491 girls aged 11-13 years were included in the "11-13 years adolescent girls cohort". The content of survey on follow-up was consistent with the one on baseline. B-ultrasonography was used to measure thyroid volume. The physical development indexes such as height (H), weight (W) and waist circumference (WC) were measured. The morning urine samples were collected and the urinary iodine content was detected. The changes of body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), and thyroid volume (V) were calculated (d BMI, d WC, and d V, respectively). According to the changes of BMI and WC, the subjects were classified into four types of developmental changes, namely "B-LW-L (low d BMI, low d WC)" "B-LW-H (low d BMI, high d WC)" "B-HW-L (high d BMI, low d WC)" and "B-HW-H (high d BMI , high d WC)". Results In partial correlation analysis, thyroid volume was significantly correlated with BMI and WC at baseline or follow-up(P<0.05). The changes of thyroid volume in 8-10 years old boys were related to the changes of BMI and WC (P<0.05), the changes of thyroid volume in 8-10 year old girls were only associated with the changes of WC (P=0.03), and no association was found in 11-13 year old girls(P>0.05). In multivariate logistic regression analysis, after adjusting for baseline age, region, and differences of urinary iodine, the risk of thyroid volume increasing in B-HW-H was 2.70 times (95%CI=1.29-5.66) higher than that of B-LW-L in boys aged 8-10 years; among girls aged 11-13 years, the risk of thyroid volume increasing in B-LW-H, B-HW-L and B-HW-H were 2.46 times (95%CI=1.31-4.61), 2.16 times (95%CI=1.15-4.03) and 1.79 times (95%CI=1.07-2.99), respectively; there was no interaction between menarche age and developmental pattern on thyroid volume change trend (P=0.49). Conclusion The thyroid volume in children and adolescents increases with the development of physical development. Different developmental patterns and estrogens have certain effects on thyroid morphological changes. To avoid obesity in childhood (especially with central obesity), timely identify and effectively intervene thyroid morphological abnormalities in childhood，and to reduce the risk of thyroid diseases in adulthood.