Objective To study the expression of matrix metalloproteinase(MMP) in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and its clinical significance. Methods 36 Wistar rats were randomly divided into three groups : the normal group (A), the model group (B) and the medicine treatment group (C). Rats in group B and C were passively smoked for 75 days to establish COPD model. Group B were administered Vit A 15 mg/ kg before smoking. 75 days later,the rats were killed. Group A were killed 25 days after equal volume of saline was dripped in trachea. The pathological changes of lung tissue were observed in each group. The expression of MMP was determined by immunohistochemistry and ELISA. Result The enzymatic activity and the expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9 were reciprocally different as compared among the tree groups(P <0.01). Conclusion MMP expression is increased in impaired lung tissues of COPD rats.

Objective To explore the joint toxic effect of formaldehyde and benzene on testicles of the mice. Methods 78 Kunming male mice were divided into groups, in the formaldehyde treatment groups were exposed at dosage of 0.2 mg/kg,2 mg/kg,20 mg/kg, in the benzene treatment groups were exposed at dosage of 100.0 mg/kg,200.0 mg/kg,400.0 mg/kg and the in formaldehyde and benzene combined treatment groups were exposed at dosage of 0.1+50.0 mg/kg,1+100.0 mg/kg,10+200.0 mg/kg respectively. The treatments were conducted by peritoneal injection for five consecutive days,once a day,then killed on 6th day. The activity of superoxide dismutase(SOD),the contents of maleic dialdehyde(MDA),the contents of copper(Cu),zinc(Zn) in testicles of the mice were determined. Results Compared with those in the negative control groups,the activity of SOD and the contents of Cu, Zn in the testicles of the mice in each treatment group significantly decreased, while the contents of MDA significantly increased (P

Objective To study the effect of gallamine triethiodide (GT) on the increased afferent discharge from the muscle spindle caused by succinylcholine (SCh). Methods The nervous filaments of rats were separated from tibial nerve innervating the gastrocnemius muscle, and afferent discharge from the muscle spindle was recorded. SCh of a certain dose was injected after 4 minutes of injection of a certain dose of GT. The effect of suppression by GT on the increased afferent discharge from the muscle spindle caused by SCh was measured by counting the decrease in discharge peak frequency (DPF) and maximum increase frequency (MIF) and by counting the time of peak frequency (PF) appearing delayed than the controls. Results When the dose of SCh was 0.005mmol/kg, the dose of GT was 0.005mmol/kg, 0.010mmol/kg and 0.020mmol/kg, DPF reduced to 67.2%, 52.5% and 37.1% of the controls, respectively; MIF reduced to 61.4%, 40.2.% and 25.4%; PF appearing time delayed 43.9s, 64.3s and 80.4s than the controls. When the dose of GT was 0.005mmol/kg but the dose of SCh was 0.010mmol/kg, DPF and MIF reduced to 83.3% and 77.8% of the controls, respectively; PF appearing time delayed 22.5s than the controls. Conclusion GT has a remarkably suppressive effect on the increase in afferent discharge from the muscle spindle induced by SCh. The suppression of GT is dose-dependent, and the action of SCh and GT on muscle spindle is in competition.

Objective:To investigate the effects of fasting blood glucose levels on the quality of myocardial metabolism imaging via positron emission tomography/X-ray computed tomography(PET/CT)in patients with coronary heart disease.Methods:A total of 78 patients with coronary heart disease from 2019 to 2020 undergone 18-fluorine deoxyglucose( 18F-FDG)PET/CT myocardial imaging in Beijing Anzhen Hospital were retrospectively analyzed, with 64 patients meeting the inclusion criteria eventually enrolled in this study.All patients fasted over 8 hours and were injected with insulin and 18F-FDG following an oral glucose load.Then myocardial imaging evaluations were performed.Depending on whether the myocardial image quality(IQ)offered a match with clinical diagnosis, a score between 0-2 from the semiquantitative scoring system was defined as good IQ, while a score between 3-4 defined as poor IQ.Differences in sex, age, rate of diabetes, body mass index, fasting blood glucose(FBG), glycosylated hemoglobin, glycosylated serum albumin, triglycerides and free fatty acids, lipid-regulating drugs, and oral antidiabetic medications were analyzed between the good( n=55)and poor( n=19)image groups, and risk factors were examined. Results:The diabetes mellitus rate was higher in the poor group than in the good group(63.2% vs.33.3%, χ2=4.872, P=0.027). FBG, glycosylated hemoglobin and glycosylated serum albumin levels in the poor group were increased compared with the good group[7.67(6.02, 11.64)mmol/L vs.5.52(4.97, 6.37)mmol/L, 7.30(6.43, 8.70)% vs.6.20(5.60, 6.87)%, 19.8(15.1, 24.1)% vs.14.8(13.9, 16.8)%, U=-3.909, -2.419 and -3.042, P<0.001, P=0.016 and 0.002, respectively]. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that FBG was an independent risk factor for poor imaging( OR=1.62, 95% CI: 1.19-2.20, P=0.002). The area under the receiver operator characteristic(ROC)curve for FBG was 0.811(95% CI: 0.69-0.93, P<0.001), and the cut-off value for FBG was 6.66 mmol/L. Conclusions:FBG is an independent risk factor for myocardial image quality.Patients with diabetes mellitus should rigorously control their blood glucose levels.

Objective To compare the number of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) from peripheral blood in patients with acute myocardial infarction of young man and healthy man.Methods Eighteen young men (18 ～50 years old) with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) who were admitted at the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University from June 2010 to April 2011 in young man were enrolled,aged (65 ～ 85 years old) men with acute myocardial infarction in 18 cases,within 24 hours of onset collected blood 2 ml.Ten cases of healthy young men (30 ～50 years old) were used as control group,fasting venous blood 2 ml.A volume (400 μl) of blood was taken to red blood cell lysis buffer hemolysis labeled with vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF),CD34,and CD133 antibodies,and then analyzed with flow cytometry.Results The number of EPCs in peripheral blood was measured in young male AMI group.The number of EPCs in peripheral blood was (0.58 ±0.83)％ in older men.The number of EPCs in peripheral blood of AMI group was (0.04 ± 0.03) ％.For healthy controls,the number of EPCs was (0.02 ± 0.02)％.The number of EPCs was significantly higher in AMI patients compared to control group (P ＜ 0.05).However,for AMI group,the increased number of EPCs in young men was significantly greater than young female (P ＜0.01).Conclusions The number of EPCs in peripheral blood in young man AMI patients is significantly increased within 24 hours.

Objective To analyse the etiology and clinical characteristics of 26 critically ill children with severe hand foot and mouth disease (HFMD) of Shanxi province in 2010.Methods We retrospectively analysed the clinical data of 26 children with severe HFMD from Mar to Sep 2010.Nucleic acid of enterovirus 71 ( EV71 ) and Coxsackie virus A 16 ( CoxA16) were detected in 20 out of 26 children with HFMD by reversed real time polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR),and the whole VP1 gene of EV71 deriving from 6 different areas of Shanxi province was amplified,sequenced,and compared with strains from other areas in china.Results EV71 nucleic acid were positive in 18 out of 20 children,while the other two were negative for EV71 and CoxAl6.Among all the critical cases,20 cases (76.9％) occurred in Weinan area,four in Xianyang area,and two in Xi'an urban area.Compared with those of Fuyang Anhui,Hong Kong China,Guangzhou,Shenzhen,Shandong,Beijing,the homology of the whole VP1 gene sequence from 6 strains of Shanxi area was 96％ ～ 100％.Most of the critical children were under 3-year-old,and the incidence rate of male children was higher than that of female children.All affected children had persisted fever,poor energy,hyperarousal,hypersomnia,and limb shaking.Meanwhile their peripheral blood leukocytes,C-reactive protein and blood glucose were markedly increased,but renal injuries were rare.Eighteen children clinically recovered on discharge,among which 2 cases had sequelae of limb activity obstacle,and 8 cases died.Conclusion Weinan is the area with the highest incidence rate of critical HFMD cases in Shanxi Province,and the major etiological organism is EV71,which is highly homologous to EV71 found in other regions of mainland China.As many cases are in dangerous condition,thus early identification and intervention could inhibit the disease progression,and play a key role in reducing the mortality.

Objective　To investigate the significance of TGF-β1, TGFRl and TGFR2 in the pathogenesis and prognosis in patients with myelofibrosis. Methods　The expression of TGF-β1 and its receptors (TGFR1 and TGFR2 ) in bone marrow tissues and the level of TGF-β1 in the blood of 23 patients with myelofibrosis were detected by SABC immunocytochemistry and ELISA repectively. Results　Expression of TGF-β1 and TGFR 1 was significantly higher in primary and secondary myelofibrosis patients than that of the control. No significant difference of TGFR2 expression was found between the groups of myelofibrosis and the control (P>0.05). The level of TGF-β1 in the blood of the patients with myelofibrosis was significantly higher than that of the control (P<0.01) and more obvious in secondary cases while TGF-β1 decreased nearly to the normal level when patients were in clinical remission. Conclusion　TGF-β1 and it's receptors may be involved in the pathogenesis of myelofibrosis and might be of importance for the prognosis of the patients with myelofibrosis.

To identity the pathogen that causes the mosaic and yellowing symptoms on Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz in Jiangxian, Shanxi province, biological inoculation, sequence-independent amplification (SIA),RT-PCR and other identification methods were used. The results showed that the chlorotic and necrosis symptoms occurred in the indicator plant Chenopodium quinoa after it was infected with the pathogen,and the same symptoms appeared after the reinoculation of healthy Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz; this reflected that the disease was likely to be caused by a virus. The results of SIA and sequencing showed that Broad bean wilt virus 2 (BBWV2) was present in severely mosaic Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz leaves. To further characterize the BBWV2 isolate from Atractylodes macrocephala (BBWV2-Am), the polyprotein partial gene encoded by BBWV2-Am RNA2 was cloned and sequenced. Sequence alignments showed that the nucleotide sequence identity of BBWV2-Am SCP and LCP genes ranged from 79.3% to 87.2% and from 80.1% to 89.2% compared to other BBWV2 strains,respectively; the deduced amino acid sequence similarities of the two gene products ranged from 91.2% to 95.7% and from 89.44 to 95.5%, respectively,compared to those of other BBWV2 strains. Phylogenetic comparisons showed that BBWV2-Am was most likely to be related to BBWV2-Rg,but formed an independent branch. This is the first report of BBWV2 in Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz.
Amino Acid Sequence ; Atractylodes ; virology ; Fabavirus ; chemistry ; classification ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Phylogeny ; Plant Diseases ; virology ; Sequence Analysis ; Viral Proteins ; chemistry ; genetics

Objective To evaluate the influence of age factors on etomidate sedative potency.Methods One hundred and fifty (ASA physical status Ⅰ or Ⅱ) patients of both sexes,scheduled for elective operation under general anesthesia,were divided into 3 groups according to age (n =50 each):group Y 18-44 yr,group M 40-64 yr and group O 65-75 yr.Each group was randomly divided into 5 subgroups receiving in'venous etomidate 0.07,0.09,0.11,0.13 and 0.17 mg/kg,respectively.Loss of consciousness was evaluated depending on loss of eyelash reflex within 5 min after intravenous administration.Results ED50 of etomidate inducing loss of consciousness was 0.13,0.11 and 0.09 mg/kg in group Y,M and O,respectively.Compared with that in group Y,ED50 was significantly decreased in group O,however,and showed no significant change in group M.Conclusion Age factors can affect sedative potency of etomidate,which appears greater in the elderly patients.

Atomic force microscopy has become an important tool for studying biological samples based on its high spatial resolution, high force resolution and the capability of working at physiological conditions. This article reviewed the application of AFM imaging and force measurement in biology and medicine.