Objective To investigate the anatomic feature and special clinical manifestations of variant right intrahepatic bile duct draining into left hepatic bile duct near the umbilical portion. Methods Variant right intrahepatic bile ducts joining into left hepatic bile ducts near the umbilical portions were identified through cholangiograms in 52 patients, who were included in this study. Their history, clinical process and operations were reviewed. Results There were total 38 cases of intrahepatic gallstone in this group. High incidence of intrahepatic calculi was found in variant right intrahepatic bile ducts (23/38 cases, 60.52%) and left hepatic ducts (33/38 cases, 86.84%). Most of these cases were accompanied with dilatation and stricture of bile ducts in these area. The gallstones in the variant right intrahepatic bile ducts were not detected in 8 cases (8/23) and the rate of residual gallstone was as high as 86.95%(20/23). Injury of variant right intrahepatic bile duct took place when left hepatectomy was performed in one case. Conclusion Gallstone is very likely to be formed in the variant right intrahepatic bile duct due to derangement of bile hydrokinetics and compression of blood vessel. Special attention should be paid to the diagnosis and operation of this abnormity.

Objective To investigate the distribution of Malassezia species in lesional and non-lesion-al sites of patients with pityriasis versicolor(PV),species-variation in different anatomic sites and in lesions with different pigmentation,and the relationship between various Malassezia species and severity and age of PV patients.Methods A total of629skin specimens taken by sterile adhesive tape from the lesions and non-lesional skin were inoculated on media containing rapeseed oil in113patients with PV.Isolated colonies were identified to species based on physiological and morphological characteristics.Results The isolation rates of Malassezia spp.were not significantly different from both lesions and corresponding non-lesional skin.Among non-lesional sites,the isolation rate was significantly higher in forehead and trunk than that in upper and lower extremities.Five species were identified out of565strains obtained from the patients,including M.sympodialis(44.78%),M.furfur(32.94%),M.globosa(11.68%),M.obtusa(5.84%)and M.restricta(4.76%).Two dif-ferent species were isolated simultaneously from27sites.There was no obvious difference in species distribu-tion patterns between lesions and non-lesional sites.M.restricta was isolated from forehead exclusively.Species-variation was closely linked to lesions with different pigmentation and the age of patients,not to the severity of disease.Conclusion There is neither statistical difference of Malassezia isolation rate and species distribution between lesions and non-lesional skin,nor correlation between disease severity and species-varia-tion.The anatomic sites,the diversity of pigmentation pattern and the age of patients seem to be associated with different Malassezia species.

Objective To study the expression of STK15 in the young patients with esophageal carcinoma and gastric cardia adenocarcinoma in Henan Province, Northern China and to further understand the mechanism of esophageal and gastric cardia carcinogenesis. Methods STK15 expression was detected by immunohistochemical method (ABC) in 54 SCC and 43 GCA patients. Results The positive rate of STK15 in SCC (39% , 21/54) was lower than that in GCA (63 % , 27/43 ), and the difference was significant (P

Objective To investigate the CT signs of small intracranial aneurysm and the application value of multi-slice spiral CT angiography (MSCTA) before and after clipping surgery and in follow-up.Methods MSCTA imaging data of 81 patients with highly suspected small intracranial aneurysms from March 2013 to March 2015 were analyzed retrospectively.The confirmed patients underwent clipping surgery of small intracranial aneurysms.The imaging findings before and after clipping surgery were analyzed and compared with those by DSA and what observed during surgery.Results The relative accuracy,sensitivity and specificity of MSCTA over DSA and surgical diagnosis were 93.83％,93.75％ and 94.12％respectively,and MSCTA gained high relative consistency over DSA and surgical diagnosis (Kappa=0.825).The accuracy of MSCTA for diagnosing small intracranial aneurysm was not significantly different from those by DSA and surgical diagnosis.MSCT plain scan mainly showed subarachnoid or intracranial hemorrhage,and found 71 rhomboic or saccular aneurysms in 60 patients before operation.Totally 64 patients went through clipping surgery,60 ones had satisfactory results in the reexamination by MSCTA 2 weeks after surgery,and there were no abnormality found in 36 patients in 6 to 12-month follow-up.Conclusion MSCTA can provide abundant information for clipping surgery of small intracranial aneurysms,and can be used as the preferred imaging method for postoperative evaluation and follow-up.

Objective To explore the risk factors in disease progression and the significance of vascular endothelial growth factor ( VEGF ) and vascular intercellular adhesion molecule-1 ( VCAM-1 ) in hand foot and mouth disease ( HFMD) combined with encephalitis .Methods Altogether 92 subjects with HFMD were enrolled in the study and were divided into four groups , including group A ( ordinary group with no complication ) , group B ( severe group with complication ) , group C ( critical group with complication ) , group D ( recovery group with complication ) .Concentrations of VEGF and VCAM-1 in serum and cerebro-spinal fluid were detected by double antibody sandwich ELISA method .Multiple factors logistic regression analysis was performed to analyze main risk factors in disease progression for two combinations , one for ordi-nary group and severe group , the other for severe group and critical group .The results were analyzed by SPSS16.0 statistical software.Results The concentration of VEGF and VCAM-1 in serum and cerebrospi-nal fluid had statistically significant differences among the four groups , but there was no significant difference between group A and group D , and between group B and group C .In addition , the statistically significant factors for prediction of disease progression were duration of fever , limb shaking, cerebrospinal fluid WBC , cerebrospinal fluid protein and EV 71 IgM between ordinary group and severe group , and cerebrospinal fluid WBC, respiratory rate and heart rate between severe group and critical group .The multiple factors logistic regression analysis revealed that limb shaking , cerebrospinal fluid protein , VEGF and VCAM-1 in serum were the main risk factors for disease progression from ordinary to severe (P=0.071, 0.019, 0.020, 0.025 and OR=147.629, 26.572, 5.958, 6.345).And increased heart rate indicated the progression from se-vere to critical with P value of 0.001 and OR value of 2.69.Conclusion (1) Compared with group A, VEGF and VCAM-1 in serum and cerebrospinal fluid were highly expressed in patients with HFMD combined with encephalitis .Therefore , VEGF and VCAM-1 could be used as diagnostic criteria for auxiliary diagnosis of encephalitis in patients with HFMD and reflect the severity and prognosis to a certain extent .( 2 ) Risk factors like limb shaking , cerebrospinal fluid protein , VEGF and VCAM-1 in serum would be helpful to early diagnosis of severe patients .Increased heart rate would be a significant factor for identification of patients with critical disease , according to which a timely treatment would be provided to prevent from worse .

OBJECTIVETo investigate the biocompatibility and degradation rate of crosslinking sodium hyaluronate gel with different ratio of molecular weight, so as to choose the effective, safe and totally degraded hyaluronate gel for aesthetic injection.

METHODS(1) Compound colloid was formed by cross-linking the divinyl sulphone and sodium hyaluronate with different molecular weight (4 x 10(5), 8 x 10(5), 10 x 10(5), 12 x 10(5)). (2) Healthy level KM mice was randomly divided into two groups to receive hyaluronic acid gel or liquid injection. Each group was subdivided into three subgroup to receive hyaluronic acid with different molecular weight. The biocompatibility and degradation rate, of hyaluronate were observed at 7, 90, 180 days after injection. At the same time, different molecular weight of sodium hyaluronate gel is sealed or exposed respectively under the low temperature preservation to observe its natural degradation rate. (3) The most stable colloid was selected as aesthetic injector for volunteers to observe the aesthetic effect.

RESULTSThe sodium hyaluronate gel with molecular of 4 x 10(5) was completely degraded 90 days later. The sodium hyaluronate gel with molecular of 8 x 10(5) was completely degraded 180 days later. The sodium hyaluronate gel with molecular of 10 x 10(5) was degraded to 90.0% after 180 days. The sodium hyaluronate liquid can be degraded completely within 7 days. The colloid could be kept for at least 12 months when sealed under low temperature, but was totally degraded when exposed for I d. Sodium hyaluronate gel with molecular 10 x 10(5) was confirmed to be kept for at least 6 months in animal experiment and clinical trials.

CONCLUSIONSUnder the same condition of material ratio, the higher the molecular weight is, the lower the degradation rate is. But the liquidity of gel is not good for injection when molecular weight is too large. It suggests that Sodium hyaluronate gel with molecular 10 x 10(5) maybe the best choice in cosmetic injections.

Animals ; Cross-Linking Reagents ; administration & dosage ; chemistry ; Hyaluronic Acid ; administration & dosage ; chemistry ; Injections, Subcutaneous ; Mice ; Molecular Weight ; Random Allocation

To improve the transduction efficiency of recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV) in NK92 cells, the number of cells, concentration of IL-2 in the medium, and serotype and dosage of rAAV were explored to optimize cell state and viral transfection conditions.Then, zinc chloride (ZnCl2), chloroquine, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and genistein with different concentration were added separately during transfection to further improve the viral transduction efficiency.The results showed that, at cell number of 5 × 105, the expression efficiency of enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) was relatively high.When the IL-2 concentration was 1 000 IU/mL, NK92 cells were most suitable for virus transfection. The transduction efficiency of different serotypes of rAAV in NK92 cells was rAAV6, rAAV2 and rAAV9 in descending order.Pretreatment of NK92 cells with genistein could significantly increase the viral transduction efficiency, while the addition of other reagents had no significant effect.Through the optimization of the above conditions, the transduction efficiency of rAAV to NK92 cells could be significantly improved, which provided evidence for functional genetic modification of NK92 cells by rAAV.

Cryptotanshinone (CPT) is a natural compound isolated from traditional Chinese medicine Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge. In the present study, the regulatory effect and potential mechanisms of CPT on tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) induced lectin-like receptor for oxidized low density lipoprotein (LOX-1) were investigated. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were cultured and the effect of TNF-α on LOX-1 expression at mRNA and protein levels was determined by Real-time PCR and Western blotting respectively. The formation of intracellular ROS was determined with fluorescence probe CM-DCFH2-DA. The endothelial ox-LDL uptake was evaluated with DiI-ox-LDL. The effect of CPT on LOX-1 expression was also evaluated with SD rats. TNF-α induced LOX-1 expression in a dose- and time-dependent manner in endothelial cells. TNF-α induced ROS formation, phosphorylation of NF-κB p65 and ERK, and LOX-1 expression, which were suppressed by rotenone, DPI, NAC, and CPT. NF-κB inhibitor BAY11-7082 and ERK inhibitor PD98059 inhibited TNF-α-induced LOX-1 expression. CPT and NAC suppressed TNF-α-induced LOX-1 expression and phosphorylation of NF-κB p65 and ERK in rat aorta. These data suggested that TNF-α induced LOX-1 expression via ROS activated NF-κB/ERK pathway, which could be inhibited by CPT. This study provides new insights for the anti-atherosclerotic effect of CPT.
Animals ; Aorta ; Blotting, Western ; Endothelial Cells* ; Fluorescence ; Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells ; Lipoproteins ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Phosphorylation ; Rats ; Reactive Oxygen Species* ; Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction ; RNA, Messenger ; Rotenone ; Salvia miltiorrhiza ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha

Objective To fully grasp the epidemic situation of drinking water type of endemic fluorosis in Jiaozuo City of Henan Province,evaluate the efficacy of the prevention and control measures,and to provide a basis for prevention and control of the disease.Methods According to "The Measures for Control and Elimination of Key Endemic Diseases",all the diseased villages in Jiaozuo City were investigated.For all diseased villages in accordance with the improved water or no improved water,drinking water samples were collected,the fluorine content in water samples was determined based on the standard testing method for drinking water (GB/T 5750.5-2006);all children aged 8 to 12 years old of the surveyed villages were examined and determined dental fluorosis using "Diagnostic of Dental Fluorosis" (WS/T 208-2011);all evaluations were based on the criteria for drinking water-based fluorosis control (National Health Control [2014] No.79).Results Totally 7 counties (cities) 59 townships 589 diseased villages were surveyed in the city,586 diseased villages had improved the water quality,the rate was 99.49％,the number of villages that used the water facility normally was 571,the normal utilization rate was 97.44％,and there were 15 villages with excessive fluoride in water.A total of 35 057 children aged 8 to 12 years old in the diseased villages of the city were examined and 13 846 cases were detected dental fluorosis,the detection rate of dental fluorosis was 39.50％,the index of dental fluorosis was 0.65,which was a moderate epidemic;147 villages reached the control of standard among the 586 diseased villages with improved water,and the compliance rate was 25.09％,and the 7 drinking water type local fluoride poisoning epidemic counties (cities) in the area all did not reached the control standards.Conclusion Totally 439 diseased villages in the city have not meet the control standard,we should strengthen the monitoring,implement measures to improve water quality,strengthen the management and maintenance of water projects to ensure that the disease affected population to have qualified drinking water in a long-term,and gradually achieve the target to control and eliminate city's drinking water type of endemic fluorosis.

Objective To investigate the value of two-dimensional and three-dimensional ultrasonography in differential diagnosing cesarean scar pregnancy (CSP) and lower uterine cavity non-scar pregnancy.Methods Totally 67 patients with CSP (CSP group)and 29 patients with lower uterine cavity non-scar pregnancy (lower uterine cavity non-scar pregnancy group) were enrolled.Two-dimensional and three-dimensional ultrasonography were performed to observe the gestational sac implantation site,the relationship between gestational sac and cesarean section scar and the main source of blood flow,and the residual muscle thickness of cesarean section scar was measured as well.Logistic regression model was established,and the diagnostic efficacy was evaluated with ROC curve.Results Statistical differences of relationship between gestational sac and scar,the main source of blood flow and residual muscle thickness were found between CSP group and lower uterine cavity non-scar pregnancy group (all P＜0.001).The area under the ROC curve of the Logistic regression model was 0.878 (P＜0.001).Taking prediction accuracy of 0.680 as a cut-off value,the accuracy of this model in predicting was 86.46％,the sensitivity was 89.55％ and the specificity was 79.31％.Taking gestational sac implanted scars and nourish the blood flow from the lower anterior wall of the uterus as the diagnostic criteria for CSP,the Kappa value of two-dimensional and three-dimensional ultrasonograpby in diagnosis CSP and non-scar pregnancy was 0.699 and 0.711,respectively.Conclusion Comprehensive analysis of the relationship between gestational sac and scars,the main source of blood flow and residual muscle thickness with Logistic regression model can improve differential diagnostic efficacy of CSP with lower uterine cavity non-scar pregnancy.