Objective: To investigate the self-monitoring blood pressure behavior and its influencing factors among residents in Jiangsu Province, so as to provide the basis for strengthening proactive blood pressure monitoring among residents. Methods: Permanent residents aged 35-75 years in six counties (cities, districts), Jiangsu Province, were selected using the stratified cluster sampling method in 2023. Data on basic information, disease history, and self-monitoring blood pressure behavior were collected, height and weight were measured to calculate the body mass index (BMI); and blood glucose and lipid levels were measured. Self-monitoring blood pressure behavior was defined as having measured blood pressure at least once in the past three months. Factors affecting self-monitoring blood pressure behavior were identified using a multivariable logistic regression model. Results: A total of 12 475 residents were surveyed, including 5 748 males and 6 727 females, with a male-to-female ratio of 1∶1.17. There were 3 855 residents aged 45-<55 years (30.90%) and 5 511 residents who had self-monitoring blood pressure behaviors (44.18%). Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that the residents who were males (OR=1.167, 95%CI: 1.081-1.261), lived in rural areas (OR=1.430, 95%CI: 1.321-1.547), aged 45-75 years (45-<55 years, OR=1.384, 95%CI: 1.241-1.543; 55-<65 years, OR=1.397, 95%CI: 1.243-1.570; 65-75 years, OR=1.196, 95%CI: 1.049-1.363), had an annual household income ≥30 000 yuan (30 000-<60 000 yuan, OR=1.190, 95%CI: 1.072-1.321; 60 000-<110 000 yuan, OR=1.330, 95%CI: 1.191-1.485; ≥110 000 yuan, OR=1.746, 95%CI: 1.536-1.984), were overweight (OR=1.170, 95%CI: 1.070-1.280) or obese (OR=1.248, 95%CI: 1.120-1.391), were unaware (OR=1.221, 95%CI: 1.103-1.353) or aware (OR=3.937, 95%CI: 3.575-4.335) of having hypertension, were aware of having diabetes (OR=1.538, 95%CI: 1.354-1.749), and aware of having dyslipidemia (OR=1.265, 95%CI: 1.106-1.447) were more likely to have self-monitoring blood pressure behaviors. Conclusions Among the residents aged 35-75 years in Jiangsu Province, 44.18% had self-monitoring blood pressure behavior. Gender, place of residence, age, annual household income, BMI, hypertension, diabetes, and dyslipidemia were identified as influencing factors for self-monitoring blood pressure behavior.

BACKGROUND: Preclinical studies have indicated that Angong Niuhuang Pills (ANP) reduce cerebral infarct and edema volumes. This study aimed to investigate whether ANP safely reduces cerebral infarct and edema volumes in patients with moderate to severe acute ischemic stroke. METHODS: This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled pilot trial included patients with acute ischemic stroke with National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) scores ranging from 10 to 20 in 17 centers in China between April 2021 and July 2022. Patients were allocated within 36 h after onset via block randomization to receive ANP or placebo (3 g/day for 5 days). The primary outcomes were changes in cerebral infarct and edema volumes after 14 days of treatment. The primary safety outcome was severe adverse events (SAEs) for 90 days. RESULTS: There were 57 and 60 patients finally included in the ANP and placebo groups, respectively for modified intention-to-treat analysis. The median age was 66.0 years, and the median NIHSS score at baseline was 12.0. The changes in cerebral infarct volume at day 14 were 0.3 mL and 0.4 mL in the ANP and placebo groups, respectively (median difference: -7.1 mL; interquartile range [IQR]: -18.3 to 2.3 mL, P = 0.30). The changes in cerebral edema volume of the ANP and placebo groups on day 14 were 11.4 mL and 4.0 mL, respectively ( median difference: 3.0 mL, IQR: -1.3 to 9.9 mL, P = 0.15). The rates of SAE within 90 days were similar in the ANP (3/57, 5%) and placebo (7/60, 12%) groups ( P = 0.36). Changes in serum mercury and arsenic concentrations were comparable. In patients with large artery atherosclerosis, ANP reduced the cerebral infarct volume at 14 days (median difference: -12.3 mL; IQR: -27.7 to -0.3 mL, P = 0.03). CONCLUSIONS: ANP showed a similar safety profile to placebo and non-significant tendency to reduce cerebral infarct volume in patients with moderate-to-severe stroke. Further studies are warranted to assess the efficacy of ANP in reducing cerebral infarcts and improving clinical prognosis. TRAIL REGISTRATION Clinicaltrials.gov , No. NCT04475328.
Aged ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Double-Blind Method ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/adverse effects* ; Ischemic Stroke/drug therapy* ; Pilot Projects ; Stroke/drug therapy* ; Treatment Outcome

BACKGROUND: Stroke is the leading cause of death and long-term disability worldwide, including China. This study aimed to provide timely updates on stroke burden and stroke-related risk factors to help improve population-based prevention and control strategies. METHODS: Based on the Global Burden of Disease study 2021, incidence rate, prevalence rate, mortality rate, and disability-adjusted life-year (DALY) rate were used to estimate stroke burden trend from 1990 to 2021. RESULTS: In 2021, China had 4.1 million incident stroke cases, 26.3 million prevalent stroke cases, 2.6 million stroke related deaths, and 53.2 million stroke related DALYs, compared to 11.9 million incident stroke cases, 93.8 million prevalent stroke cases, 7.3 million stroke related deaths, and 160.5 million stroke-related DALYs worldwide. In 2021, the top six risk factors contributing to stroke burden were high blood pressure, air pollution, tobacco consumption, dietary risk factors, high low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and high fasting plasma glucose, both in China and worldwide. From 1990 to 2021, China had significant increases of incidence rate, prevalence rate, mortality rate, and DALY rate for stroke, with estimates of 100.6 (95% uncertainty intervals [UI]: 87.2, 114.1)%, 102.9 (95% UI: 95.5, 110.9)%, 40.0 (95% UI: 14.9, 72.3)% and 15.7 (95% UI: -4.6, 41.2)%, respectively, while global incidence rate, prevalence rate, mortality rate and DALY rate for total stroke showed relatively moderate increases or even decreases, with estimates of 15.0 (95% UI: 12.1,18.0)%, 25.8 (95% UI: 23.7, 28.0)%, -2.6 (95% UI: -10.6, 5.5)%, and -10.7 (95% UI: -17.7, -3.6)%, respectively. CONCLUSION Stroke remains a huge disease burden worldwide and in China, and compared to the worldwide China has a significantly higher burden of stroke.
Humans ; Stroke/etiology* ; China/epidemiology* ; Risk Factors ; Global Burden of Disease ; Disability-Adjusted Life Years ; Prevalence ; Incidence ; Female ; Quality-Adjusted Life Years ; Male

Objective To investigate the effect of laser engraving personalized nasal patch applied to patients with nasal catheter indentation.Methods A total of 124 patients who underwent esophageal cancer surgery in the First Hospital of Lanzhou University from February 2022 to February 2023 and required indwelling nasal catheter were selected as study objects,and were divided into experimental group and control group according to random number table method,with 62 cases in each group.The control group used conventionally cut nasal patches to fix the nasal catheters,and the experimental group used laser engraved personalized nasal patches.Catheter displacement or slippage under the fixation device,nasal patch rolled edges and number of replacement,nasal medical device-related pressure injury,medical adhesive-related skin lesions and patients'comfort were observed in two groups.Results The rate of catheter displacement,number of rolled edges of nasal patches and numbers of replacement in experimental group were significantly lower than those in control group(P<0.05).The incidence of nasal mucosal indentation,nasal pain,nasal pressure injury and medical adhesive related skin lesions in experimental group were significantly lower than those in control group(P<0.05).The comfort of patients at the physiological level of experimental group was significantly better than that of control group(P<0.05).Conclusion Laser engraved personalized nasal patches can reduce the frequency of clinical nasal catheter displacement,nasal patch rolled edges and number of replacement,reduce the occurrence of nasal medical device related pressure injuries and medical adhesive-related skin lesions,and increase patients'comfort.

Objective To evaluate the safety and effectiveness of excessive dynamic airway collapse(EDAC)treated by laser.Methods 13 patients with EDAC confirmed by bronchoscopy from January 2018 to August 2022 were selected and divided into a simple EDAC group(6 cases)and an EDAC combined with tracheobronchomalacia(TBM)group(7 cases)based on whether they were combined with TBM.All patients underwent laser tracheobronchoplasty under bronchoscope.Symptoms,airway collapse,oxygenation index,modified version of British Medical Research Council dyspnoea scale(mMRC)and 6 min walking test before and after treatment were compared to evaluate the therapeutic effect.Results 13 patients underwent 17 times of laser tracheobronchoplasty with laser power of 8～15 W,and 4 patients underwent 2 times of laser tracheobronchoplasty.After treatment,the clinical symptoms of cough,sputum,shortness of breath and dyspnea were improved in all patients.1 week post-treatment,the EDAC group showed a significant improvement in airway lumen stenosis,with a significant statistical difference(P<0.05),1 month post-treatment,enhancements were observed in airway stenosis,oxygenation index,FEV1%,6-minute walk test,and mMRC,which remained stable over a 6 month follow-up.In the EDAC + TBM group,significant enhancements in airway stenosis,oxygenation index,and mMRC were noted 1 week post-treatment,with statistical significance(P<0.05).Between 8 d～6 months post-treatment,some patients exhibited a recurrence of airway stenosis,necessitating comprehensive interventions like balloon dilation,cryotherapy,and stent insertion.Local necrosis and granuloma occurred in some patients after laser therapy,and no serious complications associated with laser intervention were found in all patients.Conclusion Laser tracheobronchoplasty is a safe and effective technique for the treatment of EDAC.For patients with EDAC alone,the therapeutic effect is good,but for patients with EDAC combined with TBM,the long-term effect is not good.

Neuroblastoma is the most common extracranial solid tumor in children. The prognosis of different stages varies greatly, and its risk staging system is completely based on imaging. Radionuclide imaging plays an important role in the diagnosis and staging of various tumors, and it is also of great significance in the early diagnosis and staging of neuroblastoma. At present, imaging agents used for neuroblastoma mainly include catecholamine receptor, glucose metabolism, somatostatin receptor, etc. This article mainly discusses the application value and research progress of these imaging agents in the diagnosis of neuroblastoma.

Objective:To compare and choose the best method for measuring metabolic tumor volume (MTV) of nasal extranodal natural killer/T-cell lymphoma (ENKTL), evaluate the prognostic value of 18F-FDG PET/CT metabolic parameters and clinical staging/scoring systems for patients with nasal ENKTL, and explore the added value of the two combinations for prognostic prediction. Methods:From January 2016 to September 2022, 44 patients (26 males, 18 females; age (47.5±13.6) years) pathologically diagnosed with nasal ENKTL who underwent 18F-FDG PET/CT imaging before treatment in Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology were retrospectively collected. SUV 2.5, SUV 4.0 and 41%SUV max were used as thresholds to measure MTV and total lesion glycolysis (TLG), and the consistency was analyzed by Bland-Altman analysis. The ROC curve analysis was used to compare the prognostic efficiency of different methods and determine the best method. The prognostic values of different clinical factors and clinical staging/scoring systems between groups were evaluated by corrected χ2 test. The independent factors were screened by Cox-regression model, and the combined diagnosis model was constructed by logistic regression. Results:Of 44 patients, 6(13.6%) were dead, with the overall survival (OS) of 32.05(11.77, 64.43) months, and the 2-year and 5-year OS rates of 86.6% and 82.5%, respectively. The mortality of different groups in age (≥60 and <60 years), prognostic index of natural killer cell lymphoma (PINK) score (low- and high-risk), and international prognostic index (IPI) score (low- and high-risk) were significantly different ( χ2 values: 5.02, 4.12, 3.88, all P<0.05). The consistency of MTV measured by different thresholds was good. Among them, the MTV measured by threshold of SUV 2.5 had the highest predictive efficiency with the AUC of 0.737. Multivariate analysis showed that MTV (hazard ratio ( HR)=10.488, 95% CI: 1.864-59.026, P=0.008) was the independent influencing factor of OS. By removing other factors, minimization model was obtained, including MTV and PINK score ( P values: 0.006, 0.048). The prediction model of MTV combined with PINK score improved prognostic efficacy with the AUCs of MTV, PINK score and the combination model of 0.781, 0.741 and 0.912, respectively. Conclusions:MTV measured by threshold of SUV 2.5 has better prognostic predictive value. MTV is the independent prognostic factor for OS in nasal ENKTL patients. MTV combined with PINK score has better prognostic value.

Endodontic diseases are a kind of chronic infectious oral disease.Common endodontic treatment concepts are based on the removal of inflamed or necrotic pulp tissue and the replacement by gutta-percha.However,it is very essential for endodontic treatment to debride the root canal system and prevent the root canal system from bacterial reinfection after root canal therapy(RCT).Recent research,encompassing bacterial etiology and advanced imaging techniques,contributes to our understanding of the root canal system's anatomy intricacies and the technique sensitivity of RCT.Success in RCT hinges on factors like patients,infection severity,root canal anatomy,and treatment techniques.Therefore,improving disease management is a key issue to combat endodontic diseases and cure periapical lesions.The clinical difficulty assessment system of RCT is established based on patient conditions,tooth conditions,root canal configuration,and root canal needing retreatment,and emphasizes pre-treatment risk assessment for optimal outcomes.The findings suggest that the presence of risk factors may correlate with the challenge of achieving the high standard required for RCT.These insights contribute not only to improve education but also aid practitioners in treatment planning and referral decision-making within the field of endodontics.

Astrocytes are heavily activated in Alzheimer's disease,engulfing damaged synapses,Aβ proteins,Tau proteins,apoptotic cells and other substrates.However,these substrates are difficult to degrade,accumulate as the disease progresses,and impair the phagocytosis of astrocytes.During phagocytosis,astrocytes recognize different substrates through a variety of phagocytosis receptors and partially degrade the substrates through degrad-ing enzymes and lysosomal pathways.The accumulation of Aβ and Tau proteins in astrocytes caused astrocyte im-mune and metabolic disorders,and Aβ toxicity changed after phagocytosis.In addition,astrocytes and microglia form a complementary pattern and cooperate to complete phagocytosis through interaction.Regulating the pathway of astrocyte phagocytosis and degradation is believed to be a potential novo therapeutic for clinical treatment of Alzheimer's disease.

Objective:To explore the genetic basis for a child featuring global developmental delay and epilepsy.Methods:A child who had presented at Guangzhou Women and Children′s Medical Center Liuzhou Hospital on February 19, 2023 was selected as the study subject. Clinical data of the child was collected. The child was subjected to whole exome sequencing, and candidate variant was validated by Sanger sequencing and bioinformatic analysis.Results:The child, an 8-month-old girl, had manifested with global developmental delay, epilepsy, and hyperlactacidemia. Cranial MRI revealed diverse hypomyelinating leukodystrophies. Electroencephalogram showed slow background activities. Genetic testing revealed that she has harbored a homozygous variant of the SLC25A12 gene, namely c. 115T>G (p.Phe39Val), for which both of her parents were heterozygous carriers. Based on the guidelines from the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics, the variant was predicted to be of uncertain significance (PM2_Supporting+ PM3_Supporting+ PP3_Moderate+ PP4_Moderate). I-Mutant v3.0 software predicted that the variant may affect the stability of protein product. Conclusion:The homozygous c. 115T>G (p.Phe39Val) variant of the SLC25A12 gene probably underlay the pathogenesis of the disease in this child.