Objective To evaluate the cost-effectiveness of four therapeutic regimes in the treatment of pa-tients with initial vulvovaginal eandidiasis. Methods 160 patients who were found for the first time with vulvovagi-hal eandidiasis were divided into four groups randomly: group A is clotrimazole (500rag) vaginal tablets; group B is fluconazole eaptica;group C is clotrimazole vaginal tablets combined with flueonazole;group D is nystatin vaginal ef-fervescent tablets. Date was evaluated using clinic economies co,t-effectiveness analysis. Results Among four groups,the costs for group A,B,C and D were 167.20 yuan, 190.23 yuan,237.43 ynan and 216.40 yuan,respec-tively. The tatol effective rates were 90.88 %, 90.12 %, 91.67 % and 67.10 %, respectively. The cost-effectiveness ratio were 1.84,2.11,2.59 and 3.23, respectively. The incremental cost-effectiveness ratios of group B, C and D vs group A were 32.90,87.78 and 2.07. Conclusion Regime A was superior than the other therapeutic regimes.

Objective To investigate the associations of alcohol consumption with the outcome of three-year pre-dia?betes. Methods The objects of this study were selected from the epidemiological study of cancer risk of Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in Luzhou area. A total of 1 125 cases with pre-diabetes were selected from the base?line survey. Patients divided into four groups including non-alcohol drinking group, small alcohol drinking group, moderate alcohol drinking group, and large alcohol drinking group. Patients also were divided into two groups according to body mass index (BMI, more than 24 kg/m2). The patients were followed up for three years. The incidence rates of diabetes mellitus were compared between different drinking groups and different BMI groups. Results A total of 1 116 cases were completed the follow-up , 9 cases were lost to follow-up. The incidence rates of DM were 18.81%, 8.80%, 16.51%and 26.53%for non-al?cohol drinking group, small alcohol drinking group, moderate alcohol drinking group, and large alcohol drinking group. Cox proportional hazard regression analysis showed that the relative risk ratios and 95%CI of the gender, age, BMI, calorie, base?line blood glucose were 0.49 (0.31-0.79), 1.15 (0.69-1.92) and 1.95 (1.25-3.04) for small alcohol drinking group, moderate alcohol drinking group, and large alcohol drinking group. In the group of BMI<24 kg/m2,the relative risks and 95%CI were 0.40 (0.20-0.80),0.77 (0.30-1.97) and 1.10 (0.46-2.64) for small alcohol drinking group, moderate alcohol drinking group, and large alcohol drinking group. In the group of BMI≥24 kg/m2, the relative risks and 95%CI were 0.62 (0.33-1.66),1.49 (0.80-2.80) and 2.64 (1.55-4.47). Conclusion Small amount of alcohol drinking can reduce the incidence of DM in predia?betes people with BMI<24 kg/m2. Large amount of alcohol drinking is the risk factor of incidence of DM in people with BMI≥24 kg/m2.

Objective To realize SLAM and path planning of mobile robot to solve the problem of real-time data association in the process of moving and to update the computational complexity of the state covariance matrix.Methods The mathematical model of SLAM was built,and FastSlam algorithm based on particle filter,A* and dynamic window approach (DWA) were used to prepare gmapping function package in the ROS framework.Results The motion simulation,path planning and dynamic obstacle avoidance of mobile robot in the ROS framework were realized.Conclusion By using ROS platform,mobile robots can execute path planning efficiently while completing self-localization and map building.

Objective To investigate the effect of placenta derived tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and myostatin (MSIN) in patients with preeclampsia (PE) and fetal development.Methods One hundred and twenty pregnant women who delivery from October 2008 to October 2013 were enrolled in this study.In them,40 healthy pregnant women was normal control group,40 PE and fetal growth in normal pregnant women was PE group,40 PE and fetal growth restriction (FGR) of pregnant women was PE + FGR group.The immunohistochemical localization of SABC method was used to detect for TNF-α and MSIN protein in placenta tissue in each group respectively.Real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR and Western blotting were used to detect for TNF-α and MSIN mRNA and protein in placenta tissue.Results The TNF-α mainly located in placental blood vessels surrounding stroma,decidual cells,trophoblastic cells and MSIN mainly located in placental blood vessels surrounding stroma,decidual cells and terminal villi.The TNF-α and MSIN mRNA expression quantity in PE group was 3.65 ±0.86,1.80 ±0.32 ; in PE + FGR group was 3.88 ± 0.71,2.01 ± 0.55 ; in normal control group was 1.32 ± 0.21,0.77 ± 0.39.The TNF-α and MSIN mRNA expression quantity in PE group and PE + FGR group were significantly higher than those in normal control group(P ＜ 0.01),and there were significant differences between PE group and PE + FGR group(P ＜ 0.05).The TNF-α and MSIN protein expression in normal control group was 0.56 ±0.13,1.31 ± 0.23;in PE group was 1.67 ±0.25,1.55 ±0.34 ;in PE + FGR group was 2.78 ±0.41,3.07 ±0.51.The TNF-α and MSIN protein expression in PE group and PE + FGR group were significantly higher than those in normal control group(P ＜ 0.01),and there were significant differences between PE group and PE + FGR group(P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions The placenta derived TNF-α and MSIN have more important roles in the pathogenesis of PE and normal development of fetal.It can provide coping strategies by detecting the level of placenta derived TNF-α and MSIN.

Caenorhabditis elegans is a very important model organism in life sciences. C. elegans has been widely used in research on life sciences, especially in drug screening and the mechanism of drugs, thanks to some of their prominent characteristics, including a short life,short generation cycle, and easy culture and observation. Aging is a complex process, which is the result of multiple factors. There are mainly three types of anti-aging signal pathways in C. elegans, including insulin-insulin-like growth factor-1 signal pathway, diet-restricted signaling pathway and mitochondrial respiratory chain/ATP synthesis pathway. In this paper, we reviewed the aging models based on the above three signaling pathways and the progress in anti-aging drugs based on the above aging models. In addition, a number of C. elegans models of aging-related neurodegenerative diseases can be obtained by using transgenic or chemical mutagenesis. Thus, this paper reviewed the transgenic models of C. elegans associated with neurodegenerative diseases, including theα-synuclein transgenic model of Parkinson disease, theβ-amyloid deposition model of Alzheimer disease, and the polyQ of Huntington disease, and summa?rized the effective drugs based on the above disease models. This review will provide reference for the study of C. elegans in the future screening of anti-aging drugs and drug screening for the prevention and treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.

Objective To study the endogenous metabolites of liver-kidney deficiency syndrome in knee-joint osteoarthritis (KOA) and explore the metabolic profile of KOA liver-kidney deficiency syndrome. Methods Totally 50 cases of KOA with liver-kidney deficiency syndrome and 50 cases of KOA with non-liver-kidney deficiency syndrome were collected respectively, and 20 cases of healthy volunteers were collected as the normal group. The serum samples of subjects were collected after fasting for 8 h. Hydro-Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (1H-NMR) spectrometer was collected. Principal component analysis and partial least squares discrimination analysis were used to conduct multivariate statistical analysis. Results 1H-NMR could identify 23 kinds of metabolites, and there was statistical significance between KOA patients and healthy volunteers (P<0.05, P<0.01). There was statistical significance in cartilage matrix metabolism, energy metabolism, lipid metabolism, pain, inflammation-related metabolites in patients with KOA liver-kidney deficiency syndrome and patients with KOA non-liver-kidney deficiency syndrome (P<0.05). Conclusion Patients with KOA liver-kidney deficiency syndrome have a unique 1H-NMR metabolic profile, KOA syndrome has a metabolic material basis.

Objective To investigate the effects of different surface treatments on shear bond strength between diatomite-based dental ceramic and IPS e.max veneering ceramic.Methods Diatomite-based dental ceramic was randomly divided into acid-etched group,sandblasting group and untreated group,and then sintered with IPS e.max veneering ceramic,respectively.Shear bond strength were detected,and the interface microstructures and elemental distribution were observed by scanning electron microscope-energy dispersive spectrometer (SEM-EDS).Results Shear bond strength of acid-etched group was significantly higher than that of untreated group (P＜0.01).SEM observation results showed that the interface of acid-etched group bonded closely.There was no statistical difference of the shear bond strength between the sandblasting group and untreated group (P＞0.05).Conclusions Acid-etched treatment can significantly enhance the bond strength of diatomite-based dental ceramic and IPS e.max veneering ceramic.

Objective To investigate the clinical value of contrast-enhanced ultrasonography(CEUS) in evaluating treatment response of hepatocellular carcinoma after interventional therapy. Methods One hundred and three patients with 136 lesions of hepatocellular carcinoma confirmed by pathology were examined by common color ultrasound (US), contrast-enhanced CT, CEUS and DSA pre- and post-interventional treatment respectively. Results The sensitivity,specificity and accuracy of CEUS for focus judgment after interventional therapy were 95.8%, 95.6% and 98. 5% respectively. The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of US in detecting tumor deactivation and residue were 92.3% ,77.4% and 83.1% respectively. CEUS were highly consistent with the results of enhanced CT/DSA (Kappa = 0.93) and significantly higher than those of US (Kappa = 0.66). Conclusions CEUS is useful to monitor the efficacy and guide treatment after interventional therapy.

Objective To compare the difference of serum heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and carbon monoxide(CO) levels between the patients with coronary heart disease(CHD) caused chronic heart failure(CHF) and CHD patients with normal cardiac function,and further to explore the protective mechanism of HO-1/CO system during the pathogenesis process of CHF.Methods Ninety-one patients with CHF were selected as the observation group and 72 CHD cases with normal cardiac function were taken as the control group.The concentration of HO-1 was determined by ELISA arid the Chalmer S method was used to detect serum CO concentration.The general clinical data of the two groups were recorded by the using the heart failure questionnaire.And the liver and kidney functions,blood lipids,NT-proBNP,BNP and cardiac echocardiography examination were performed.Results The serum HO-1 level in the observation group was (8.13±0.27)ng/mL,which was higher than (2.80±0.52)ng/mL in the control group;the CO level in the observation group was (0.35±0.06)mg/L,which was lower than(0.59±0.07)mg/L in the control group,the difference was statistically significant(P＜0.01);the HO-1 level in the observation group was gradually increased with the increase of cardiac function grade (P＜0.01);while the CO level was decreased with the increase of cardiac function grade (P＜0.01).Conclusion The serum HO-11evel in the patients with CHF is highly expressed with the heart failure aggravation;endogenous CO is gradually decreased due to consumption after cardiac failure aggravation.