Objective To explore the effect of clinical pharmacist intervention on the rational use of alanyl-glutamine injection.Methods Refer to the second quarter of 2015 and the second quarter of 2016 in the General Hospital of Shanxi Datong Coal Group using alanyl-glutamine injection discharge instructions for special comment, compared and analyzed the changes in the use of the drug before and after the intervention.Results Before intervention, the usage rate and the irrational rate of alanyl-glutamine injection were 4.6% and 52.9%,those were 2.9% and 10.9% after intervention.The differences were statistically significant(χ2 =49.209,169.200,all P<0.05).There were significant differences before and after intervention compared in the choice of drug suitability,the high concentration of the medicine liquid,the excessive supply of amino acid and the incompatibility of the compatibility (χ2 =38.882, 31.348,26.242,4.286,all P<0.05 ).Conclusion The pharmacy intervention is feasible and effective for the rational use of alanyl-glutamine injection,and it can reduce irrational using rate.

OBJECTIVE To compare mycophenolate mofetil(MMF) with azathioprine(AZA) addition to ciclosporin-prednisone protocol after kidney transplantation in aspect of infections,and to study the etiology of pulmonary infection and urinary tract infection in the two groups.METHODS Totally 249 patients with kidney transplantation were analyzed retrospectively.These patients were divided into two groups according to the immunosuppressive regimen: AZA group(89 patients),and MMF group(160 patients).The various infectious complications were analyzed during a 1-year follow-up,and the etiology of pulmonary infection and urinary tract infection was studied in the two groups.RESULTS The total incidence of the infections,the incidences of the pulmonary infection,urinary tract infecion,wound infection,and so on,during a 1-year follow-up,were equivalent between the two groups.But the incidence of ARDS and the mortality of patients with lung infection was significantly different.The etiology of pulmonary infection was different between the two groups.Cytomegalovirous and fungal infections were higher in MMF group than those in AZA group.Also the etiology of urinary tract infection was different,the incidences of Gram-positive bacterial and fungal infections were higher in MMF group than those in AZA group.CONCLUSIONS Comparing with AZA,MMF increased the opportunity of serious lung infection.The incidences of opportunistic infection and fungal and viral infections increased obviously in MMF group.So therapy should be individualized and aimed.

Objective To investigate the protective effect of melatonin and its possible mechanism for repairing in the immature white matter damage due to brain hypoxia-ischemia (HI).Methods Forty-eight three-day SD rats after birth were randomly divided into 3 groups:sham-operated(SHAM) group,HI group and melatonin treatment(MT) group.Periventricular white matter damage (PWMD) to animal models were estabished according to Rice modeling.MT group was treated with melatonin pre-operatively,immediately postoperation,1 hour postoperation and 24 hours postoperation via intraperitoneal injection,and the other groups were injected with the same volume of dissolvent.The rats were executed by decollation after 2 days and 14 days.The histological changes in periventricular white matter were observed by HE staining and immunohistochemistry.Results For the 3 groups,the structure in ope-ration side of the white matter in the peripheral ventricles of the brain 2 days postoperation were significant different (P ＜0.05).The O4 positive cells decreased one by one/greatest in the SHAM group[(75.548 ± 7.333)/hpf] followed by MT group [(59.971 ± 3.635)/hpf],and HI group [(40.511 ± 2.848)/hpf] (P ＜ 0.05).The expression of Casepase-3 increased in the SHAM group (107.724 ± 10.266),MT group (132.289 ± 8.537),and HI group (202.168 ± 14.367),and the difference was statically significant (P ＜ 0.05).Ventricular index was greater in operation side of the white matter in the peripheral ventricles of the 14-day-brain in the SHAM group(0.928 ±0.063),MT group (1.813 ± 0.110),HI group (2.752 ± 0.201),increasingly,while absorbance value of myelin basic protein decreased one by one in sequence(39.504 ± 1.673,21.729 ± 1.614,11.344 ± 1.118).Conclusions MT plays a role in protecting the periventricular white matter via inhibiting the apoptosis of oligodendrocyte progenitor cell,and thus benefits the PWMD.

Objective To test red cells of bone marrow and hematopoietic cells of rats with liver depression and spleen deficiency syndrome in different time period;To discuss the change rules in the blood system. Methods Rat models with liver depression and spleen deficiency syndrome were made by composite method of anger by restraint stress, clipping tails, over fatigue, and abnormal diet. The hemogram, red cells of bone marrow, marrow nucleated red blood cells, stem cell factor, and erythropoietin of male rats in normal group and model group were detected at 2nd, 6th and 9th weeks. Results Compared with normal group, hematokrit and metarubricyte in model group of 2 weeks was higher in the model group (P<0.05);erythropoietin in model group of 6 weeks decreased (P<0.01);red cell counts, red protein level, hemoglobin, hematokrit, and erythropoietin in model group of 9 weeks were lower (P<0.05);red cell counts, hemoglobin, hematokrit, prorubricyte, metarubricyte, and erythropoietin in model group of 6 and 9 weeks were significantly lower than those in model group of 2 weeks (P<0.05, P<0.01). The number of marrow nucleated red blood cells in model group of 2 weeks decreased (P<0.05). Stem cell factor showed no significant difference. Conclusion The rats with liver depression and spleen deficiency syndrome can increase the number of red blood cells in a short time when they suffer from stress stimulation, so that they can fight the damage factors. But long-term stress stimulation will lead the rats to anemia, which may be associated with the reduction of erythropoietin.

ObjectiveTo study the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and aquaporin 1 (AQP1) in the synovium of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients,and their correlation with angiogenesis.MethodsThe expression of VEGF and AQP1 in the synovial tissue was detected with immunohistoehemistry in 7 patients with RA,12 patients with osteoarthritis (OA).The expression of VEGF and AQP1 positive cells and vessels was scored,and the correlation of positive cells with vessels was analyzed.Rank-sum test and Spearman's correlation analysis were used for statistical analysis.ResultsThe expression of VEGF positive cells was significantly correlated with vessels in the synovium of RA group(rs=0.971,P＜0.01 ).No significant correlation was found between VEGF positive cells and vessels in synovium of the OA group (rs=0.235,P=0.462).There was no evident difference in the expression of VEGF positive cells between RA and OA group (Z=-0.390,P=0.711 ).The expressions of AQP1 positive cells were significantly correlated with vessels in the synovium of RA group (rs=0.828,P=0.022).No significant correlation was found between AQP1 positive cells and vessels in the synovium of OA group (rs=0.396,P=0.203).There was no notable difference in the expression of AQP1 positive cells between RA and OA group (Z=-0.302,P=0.773).The expressions of VEGF positive cells were significantly correlated with AQP1 positive cells in RA group (rs=0.891,P=0.007).No significant correlation was found between VEGF positive cells and AQP1 positive cells in OA group (rs=0.338,P=0.283).ConclusionThe expressions of VEGF and AQP1 are significantly correlated with angiogenesis in the synovium of RA,and they play an important role in the pathology of RA.Moreover,there may be synergistic effect between VEGF and AQP1 in RA.

AIM:To construct a eukaryotic expression vector containing pancreatic duodenal homebox-1(PDX-1)and to elevate the expression efficiency of exogenous gene in rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs).METHODS:Recombinant vector containing PDX-1 was constructed.Flow cytometry was used to identify the cell cycle of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs)cultured in vitro.Recombinant vector containing PDX-1 was transfected into bone marrow MSCs using superfect in medium.After being selected by G418,RT-PCR and Western blotting were used to investigate the expression of PDX-1 in MSCs.RESULTS:Restricted enzyme analysis and sequencing showed that PDX-1 gene segment was consistent with that in GenBank.Flow cytometry showed that there were about 85.9% cells at the cell cycle of G_0/G_1.The whole cells transfected emitted green fluorescence under flow cytometry.The efficiency of transfection was above 40%.RT-PCR and Western blotting demonstrated that there was expression of PDX-1 in transfected bone marrow MSCs.CONCLUSION:Recombinant vector containing PDX-1 was constructed successfully.Superfect mediated expression of exogenous gene in bone marrow MSCs in a high efficiency,and bone marrow MSCs containing exogenous gene are an ideal cells for gene therapy.

A high performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) method using triethylamine (TEA), copper *" acetate and L-proline as the chiral mobile phase (CMP) and the enantiomric analysis of thyroxine (T4) are described. The influence of the mobile phase parameters including the TEA concentration, manipulation pH, concentration of Cu*", concentration of L-proline, temperature of column and flow rate of eluent on the enantiomers separation of thyroxine was studied. The HPLC-CMP is a simple method for separation and determination of D，L-T4 in drug or in human plasma. It can be used to therapeutic drug or adverse drug reactions monitor.

Objective To discuss high dose methylprednisolone therapy in infantile spasm.Methods Sixty-six children with infantile spasm of the Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from Nov 2002 to Nov 2012,adopted intravenous methylprednisolone with 20 mg/(kg· d) for 3 to 5 days continuously,then changed to oral prednisone with 1 ～ 2 mg/(kg.d),4 ～ 8 weeks after drug withdrawal.The total course of 8 ～ 12 weeks of clinical curative effect was retrospectively studied.Results (1) Of 66 cases,51 cases were effective,total effective rate was 77.2％ ;28 cases achieved complete response,complete response rate was 42.4％.(2) The onset age had no influence on curative effect (P ＞ 0.05).(3) The beginning ages of the patients to use methylprednisolone therapy had no effect on curative effect (P ＞0.05).(4) Course of curative effect:23 cases within 2 months,the effective rate was 91.3％,43 cases more than 2 months,the effective rate was 69.7％.Difference of effective rate between the two groups had statistical significance (x2 =3.958,P ＜ 0.05).(5) Etiology of curative effect:50 cases of symptomatic,the effective rate was 78.0％,16 cases of cryptogenic,the effective rate was 75.0％ ;compared two groups,the effective rates had no statistical significance(x2 =0.008 7,P ＞ 0.05).(6) Long-term follow-up of 41 cases,14 cases had complete remission (34.2％),29 cases was effective(70.7％),3 cases had a recurrence (10.3％).Conclusion Application of methylprednisolone in the treatment for infantile spasm is simple,the recent control is effective,and it has a less adverse effect.The curative effect is related to the course,the shorter the duration,the better curative effect;and the long-term effect is good,the recurrence rate is low,the method can be recommended in clinical application.

Objective To simulate and evaluate the upper and lower limbs posture on rehabilitation devices training with the Computer Aided Tri-Dimensional Interface Application (CATIA) man-machine analysis module. Methods The human body sizes were determined as the 95th percentile Chinese men. Based on the ergonomics analysis of CATIA, three-dimensional human body was constructed in the upper and lower limbs rehabilitation equipment. Virtual human relationship was established. The attitude of the upper and lower limbs in rehabilitation equipment was simulated and evaluated. Results The human limbs model moved in the normal range and the scores were more than 90 which meant comfortable. The forces of various parts of the body was under the stress limit, as well as the force moment. The arm tension was 3-5 points with the rapid upper limb assessment, which meant the rehabilitation equipment was acceptable. Conclusion Rehabilitation robot may be optimized through the model of the human upper extremity stretch domain analysis, body posture assessment, rapid upper limb assessment and biomechanical analysis under CATIA.