Objective To observe the structure changes of the synapse of the neurons in hippocampus CA3 of young rats and study the basis for the mechanism of polyene phosphatidyl in providing learning and memory and the effect on synaptic plasticity.Methods A total of 20 Wistar rats with 5 months were randomly divided into polyene phosphatidyl group and normal control group.Each group had 10 rats.After 4 weeks feeding,Water maze training was peformed in all the rats for 1 weeks.The immue expressions of synapsin(SYN) of the rats in polyene phosphatidyl group and control groups were observed with immunohistochemical method and analyzed by MOTAC imagine analyzing system.The change of synapse of hippocamal CA3 was observed with electron microscope.And the other 24 to 26 months rats were selected as aged group,and fed in the same condition.Moreover,the ultrastructures of hippocamal CA3 of aged rats were observed by transmission electron microscopy(TEM).Results The SYN in polyene phosphatidyl group(0.430 0?0.022 4) was higher than that in control group(0.3567?0.0209) (P

AIM: To observe the targeting thrombolytic effect of a monoclonal antibody specific for cross-linked fibrin connected with liposomal urokinase(UK) in the model of rabbit artery thrombosis.METHODS: Preparation of thrombolytic solutions: with the method of controllable dialysis eradicator in liposomat, empty liposomes, liposomally entrapped urokinase and liposomally entrapped urokinase linked with D-dimer antibody were made. Experiment in vivo: a rabbit thrombosis model of abdominal aorta was induced by ferric chloride. When the blood pressure fall to the lowest, 5 different solutions were separately imported (PBS, maximal-level UK, Ab/Lip/UK, Ab/UK-Lip, Ab-UK-Lip) and observed for 40 min continuously. RESULTS: The varieties of 5 groups blood pressures were analyzed with q-test. Significant differences were observed among Ab-UK-Lip group, maximal-level UK group and others (P

OBJECTIVE To compare different methods of processing of homograft costal cartilage. METHODS Homograft costal cartilage samples were processesd by three methods-irradiation, freezing, and alcohol fixation-before being inserted into the rabbit nasal dorsum. They were taken out 12 weeks later and evaluated for histological responses under a optical microscope. RESULTS The histological responses consisted of inflammatory cell infiltration, necrosis, vasal responses and fibroplasia. The was a significant different in degree of inflammatory cell infiltration and necrosis in all three groups(P

AIM : To investigate the effects of FFBHQH on the level of expression of caspase 3 protein of middle cerebral artery in ischemia / reperfusion model and to study its mechanisms in preventing and treating ischemic apoplexy. METHODS : The model of focal cerebral ischemia / reperfusion in rats was established with the suture occluded method. The effects of FFBHQH on the behavior obstacle of rats after MCAO/R 24, 48, and 72 h were observed, and the levels of expression of caspase 3 protein were observed by immunoassay method in rats treated with FFBHQH after the cerebral ischemia / reperfusion. RESULTS : Different degrees of behavior obstacle appeared in rats after MCAO/R 24,48,72 h, and FFBHQH reduced the behavior obstacle grade. After MCAO/R, the expression of caspase 3 protein increased obviously, but FFBHQH reduced the expression. CONCLUSION : FFBHQH can prevent and treat the ischemic apoplexy, and the mechanisms may relate to the calcium antagonism and the prevention of the apoptosis correlated gene such as caspase 3 after cerebral ischemia.

Objective:To study the stability of compound Kushen mixed liquid to provide reliable evidence for safe clinical drug application.Methods:Compound Kushen injection was mixed respectively with 0.9% sodium chloride injection and 5% glucose injection,and then placed under the different conditions for 0,1,2,4,8,12,24 and 48 h.HPLC was conducted to determine the content changes of four components in compound Kushen mixed liquid,and the appearance,pH and insoluble particles were observed as well.Results:The mixed liquid of compound Kushen with 0.9% sodium chloride injection was stable in 48 h without the influence of light and temperature.However,the mixed liquid of compound Kushen with 5% glucose injection had poorer stability with storage time shorter than 12 h at room temperature and 2 h at high temperature.Conclusion:The stability of the mixed liquid of compound Kushen is closely related to the pH value of solvent.0.9% Sodium chloride injection is recommended as the solvent,and the mixed liquid should be used up in 48 h.

Objective To evaluate the correlation and difference of reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) and fluorescence polarization immunoassay (FPIA) on determining serum concentration of carbamazepine.Methods Fifty serum samples were collected,both RP-HPLC and FPIA methods were employed to determine the concentration of carbamazepine.The results were analyzed by paired t test,Bland-Altman and Deming regression methods,respectively.Results The results of measuring 50 samples by the two methods showed that FPIA datas were significantly higher than RP-HPLC datas,and there was statistically significant difference(P<0.05) and poorer consistency between two methods;There was good correlation between carbamazepine concentrations determined by the two methods.Deming regression equation was CFPIA=1.195 3 CRP-HPLC-0.144 0,and Pearson correlation coefficient was 0.968 5.Conclusion Clinicians should pay more attention to the difference of carbamazepine concentration determination by different methods when carbamazepine individualized dosage regimen was adjusted according to therapeutic drug monitoring.

AIM To establish a quantitative analysis of multi-components by single-marker (QAMS) method for the simultaneous content determination of four saikosaponins in Xiaozheng Pellets (Bupleuri Radix,Cyperi Rhi-zoma,Rhei Radix et Rhizoma,etc.).METHODS The analysis of 5％ ammonia-methanol extract of this drug was performed on a Waters Xbridge C18column (250 mm ×4.6 mm,5 μm),with the mobile phase comprising of acetonitrile-water flowing at 1.0 mL/min in a gradient elution manner,and the detection wavelengths were set at 210 nm and 254 nm.With saikosaponin a as a internal standard,the relative correction factors of saikosaponins b1,b2 and c were calculated,followed by the determination of their contents.RESULTS Four saikosaponins showed good linear relationships within their own ranges (r ≥ 0.999 5),whose average recoveries were 98.08％-102.94％ with the RSDs of 0.85％-1.82％.The results obtained by QAMS approximated those obtained by external standard method.CONCLUSION This simple,precise and feasible method can be used for the quality control of Xiaozheng Pellets.

AIM: To prepare urokinase-loaded immunoliposomes, with anti-D-dimer mouse monoclonal antibody that can selectively target to thrombotic site and test the thrombolytic effect in the rabbit model of acute pulmonary embolism (PE) in early phase. METHODS: 40 New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into five groups: TBS group (TBS buffer, negative control group), urokinase (UK) group (150 000 IU/kg UK, positive control group), Lip group (Lip-UK, containing 50 000 IU/kg UK), Ab group (Ab-Lip-UK, containing 50 000 IU/kg UK) and 2 Ab group (2 Ab-Lip-UK, containing 50 000 IU/kg UK but double DDmAb of Ab group). PE model was established. Five minutes later, five solutions (TBS, UK, Lip-UK, Ab-Lip-UK, 2 Ab-Lip-UK) were transfused through femoral vein respectively. Right ventricular systolic pressure (RVSP) and right ventricular diastolic pressure (RVDP) were estimated within one hour. The pathological changes of lung, heart, liver and kidney were all observed. RESULTS: RVSP in TBS group had no significant changes within one hour after administration. However, RVSP had respective notable decline at 30 min, 40 min, 30 min, 20 min in UK, Lip, Ab and 2 Ab group, respectively. The means of residual emboli were as follows: 4.0±0 in TBS group, 2.4±0.9 in UK group, 3.1±0.6 in Lip group, 2.4±0.9 in Ab group and 1.9±0.6 in 2 Ab group. The lungs in each group showed scattering local congestion, effusion and swelling on the surface. Obvious hemorrhage of heart, kidney and liver was found with HE staining in UK group, no pathologic change was observed in other groups. CONCLUSION: 2 Ab-Lip-UK with early thrombolytic effect and security may be an ideal thrombolytic agent for treating pulmonary embolism.

Objective To study the feasibility of noninvasive detection of unstable plaques with ~(18)F-Fluorodeoxyglu-cose (~(18)F-FDG) PET/CT imaging. Methods Atherosclerotic plaques were induced in male New Zealand white rabbits. Animals were injected with FDG labeled with ~(18)F, then examined with PET/CT. Aorta was explanted for photography with digital camera, and ~(18)F-FDG uptake analysis. Thirty unstable plaques and 30 stable plaques were choosed so as to compare the quantitativly ~(18)F-FDG uptake. The number of macrophages and smooth muscle cells was detected by immunohistochemical technique. Results Experimental group showed inconsistent uptake of ~(18)F-FDG in the abdominal aorta. The results were confirmed in the ex vivo digital photo of the explanted aorta. The target to non target ratio (T/NT) and macrophages of unstable plaques were higher than stable plaques (P<0.01) , but smooth muscle cells obviously reduced (P <0. 01). Correlation analysis showed that there was a positive correlation between T/NT and macrophage content (r=0. 815,P<0. 01), and a negative correlation between T/NT and SMC content(r=-0. 684,P <0. 01). Conclusion ~(18)F-FDG PET/CT can constitute an attractive imaging method for the noninvasive detection of experimental unstable plaques.

Objective To explore the CT and MRI performances of primary extragonadal seminoma .Methods The imaging find‐ings of primary extragonadal seminoma in 16 patients proved by histopathology were analyzed retrospectively .The tumor location , size ,contour ,periphery ,density or signal and contrast enhancement patterns were evaluated ,and these were compared with the pathological results .Results The lesions in 16 patients were solitary including the ovoid lesions in 6 and lobulated ones in 10 .They were located in intracranial area in 10 patients ,anterior middle mediastinum in 4 and abdomen in 2 .Mean size of the tumors was(7 .0 ± 5 .6) cm (ranging from 1 .3 cm to 18 .6 cm) .Unenhanced CT in 13 patients showed the soft tissue masses with necrosis in 8 ,stip‐pled calcification in 2 and hemorrhage in 2 .Enhanced CT in 6 patients showed homogeneity in 2 and heterogeneity in 4 ,and the de‐grees of enhancement increased gradually .The plain and enhanced MRI in 10 patients showed iso‐or slight hypointensity on T1WI and slight hyperintensity on T2 WI in 8 lesions ,heterogeneous enhancement in 7 and slight enhancement in one ,peripheral enhance‐ment in 2 due to central hemorrhage .Pathology showed most of the lesions were well‐vascularized with inner cystic change .Tumor stroma was divided by the fibrovascular tissue .Conclusion The imaging findings of primary extragonadal seminoma are not specific , CT ,MRI can demonstrate the invasive extent accurately .