Objective To investigate the action mode of borneol on activity of epidermal skin;To investigate action mode of borneol as penetration enhancer. Methods The well-established and standard penetration enhancer Azone was employed as a positive control in this study. The cytotoxicities of borneol and Azone on HaCaT cells were detected by CCK-8 assay, and their half 50% inhibitory concentrations (IC50) were calculated. The fluorescence recovery after photo bleaching was employed to investigate the effect of borneol and Azone on membrane fluidity, and the flow cytometer was used to monitor the changes of membrane potential of HaCaT cell after treated with these penetration enhancers. Results The IC50 values of borneol and Azone were 2.826 , 0.172 mmol/L, respectively. Borneol could significantly improve the membrane fluidity in a concentration-dependent manner, and effectively decrease the membrane potential of HaCaT cell, which exhibited the performances similar to those of Azone. Conclusion The penetration enhancement mechanism of borneol was associated with the concentrations of Ca2+ in keratinocytes, which changes the membrane fluidity and membrane potential of HaCaT cell.

Objective To investigate the expression of phosphorylated RB (pRB) in the invasion front of papillary thyroid carcinoma and the clinical pathological implications. Methods Immunohistochemistry was ap-plied in analyzing pRB expression feature and the clinical pathological implications in a total of 82 patients who underwent total or subtotal thyroidectomy and neck lymph node dissection for papillary thyroid carcinoma. Results The displacement of pRB proteins from the nucleus to the cytoplasm was observed in the invasive front of papil-lary thyroid carcinoma , which was an independent predictor of lymph node metastasis in papillary thyroid carci-noma. Conclusion Nuclear-cytoplasmic transport of pRB in the invasive front was an independent predictor of lymph node metastasis in papillary thyroid carcinoma.

Objective To observe the effect of continued nursing on the long-term nasal feeding to elderly patients after discharge.Methods Toally 60 elderly discharged patients between January 2014 to December 2014 were evenly divided into observation and control groups with radom digit table the control group received routine nursing before discharge and after it and the observation group received continued nursing.The two groups were compared in terms of nasal feeding-induced complication,nursing satisfaction,care capability of patients' caregivers.Result The complication rate in the observation group was significantly lower,the nursing satisfaction was significantly higher and the care capability of caregivers were significantly better as compared to those of the control group (P ＜0.05).Conclusion Continued nursing can improve nursing satisfaction,train the care capacity of caregivers,reduce the complications for the old patients who need long-term nasal feeding after discharge.

Objective To evaluate the effects of stepwise and fine-grained dietary management on the diet control of liver cirrhosis patients complicated with gastrointestinal hemorrhage. Methods Eighty liver cirrhosis patients complicated with gastrointestinal hemorrhage were assigned to experimental group (41 cases) and control group(39 cases) by random digits table method. The patients in experimental group were treated with stepwise and fine-grained dietary management and the patients in control group were given conventional dietary treatments. The compliance diet, mastery of nutrition knowledge, malnutrition risk at admission, intake food, discharge and 2 months after discharge between two groups were monitored. The incidence of rebleeding was tracked after 1 year of discharge. Results The incidence of malnutrition risk in Child-Pugh class C was higher than that in Child-Pugh class B( Z=-4.3, P<0.05 ) . The incidence of malnutrition risk in patients with high education level was lower than that in patients with lower education( r=-0.453, P<0.05 ). The experimental group significantly outperformed control group in mastery of nutrition knowledge at discharge:80(70, 84) points vs. 52(42, 64) points, in compliance diet and malnutrition risk after 2 months after discharge:86(76, 91)%vs. 53(46,57)%, 1(1, 2) points vs. 2(1,3) points, the rebleeding rate in experimental group was significantly less than that in control group within 1 year after discharge 14.6%(6/41) vs. 35.9%(14/39), and the differences were statistically significant between two groups ( χ2 = 4.226- 51.232, all P < 0.05 ). Conclusions Stepwise and fine-grained dietary management can improve the mastery of nutrition knowledge, compliance diet and nutritional status, and reduce the occurrence of rebleeding, worth popularizing further in clinical care of liver cirrhosis patients complicated with gastrointestinal hemorrhage.

It was found that Ag nanoparticles (NPs) could enhance the chemiluminescence (CL) intensity of luminol- potassium ferricyanide system. On the basis of enhancement effect,a flow injection method was developed for the determination of terbutaline sulfate. The structure and shape of Ag NPs were characterized by transmission electron microscopy. The UV-Vis absorption spectra and chemiluminescence spectra suggested that new luminophor was not formed after Ag NPs introducing in luminol-potassium ferricyanide chemiluminescence system. A possible mechanism of Ag NPs strengthening on luminol-potassium ferricyanide CL reaction was also discussed. The effect of concentration of luminol,potassium ferricyanide,sodium hydroxide and Ag NPs on CL reaction was investigated respectively. In the optimum conditions,the linear range was 1.0×10~(-9) -2.0 ×10~(-5) g/L(r =0.9935) and the detection limit was 1×10~(-10) g/L. The relative standard deviation (RSD) was 3.6% for 1. 0 ×10~(-6) g/L terbutaline sulfate (n = 11 ). The recommended method has been successfully applied to the determination of terbutaline sulfate tablets and the recovery was between 98. 5% - 102. 5% ,moreover the results were almost identical with the same results of Pharmacopoeia method.

Object To establish an isolation method of theanine reference substance by preparative HPLC. Methods After raw material extracted by water, the water phase was extracted by chloroform saturated with water, then concentrated on a thermostat. After centrifuged, supernatant was isolated and purified by preparative HPLC. Fraction was frozen and dried by Flexi Drier. Crude product was rinsed by methanol. The purity of product was determined by analytical HPLC. Results The purity of product is higher than 98% and theanine yield from raw material by this method exceeds 60%. Conclusion The developed method is simple, rapid, and at low production cost. The product owns the quality of reference substance.

AIM: To investigate the injuring effect of DMSO-soluble particles from cigarette smoke(DSP) on human umbilical vein endothelial cells. METHODS: Human umbilical vein endothelial cell line EA. hy 926 was used as target cells in the study. The growth and viability of the cells treated with various dosages (1, 2, 4 or 4 mL/L) of DSP and low dose (2 mL/L) of DSP at different time points were evaluated by MTT colorimetric assay and celllular protein assay in 96-well plates. Transmission electron microscopy study was carried out to observe the ultrastructure of human umbilical vein endothelial cells under DSP treatment.RESULTS: DSP inhibited the proliferation of human umbilical vein endothelial cell line EA. hy 926. Under DSP treatment, the reducing cellular protein and increasing cell death(mainly necrosis) were observed in time-dependent and dosage-dependent manners.CONCLUSIONS: These results indicated that the toxic effect of DSP caused functional disturbance and structural damage of human endothelial cells.

Objective Investigate the effect of EC50 of propofol target-injection in the different TCM (traditional Chinese medicine) physique types of patients who are in unconscious phase. Methods Depend on the standard protocol of TCM physique types sort and determination, we sorted 60 patients into three groups:Ping He (group A), Yang Xu (group B) and Yin Xu (group C), 20 patients per group. We applied the sequential experiment to measure the minimal EC50 and NI values of propofol when the patients were in the unconscious phase. Results The EC50 of propofol of group A, B and C are 3.85 μg/mL, 4.12 μg/mL and 3.43 μg/mL respectively. 95% confidence intervals of group A, B and C are 3.64 ~ 4.07 μg/mL, 3.92 ~ 4.33μg/mL and 3.26 ~ 3.60 μg/mL respectively. Conclusion There is a correlation between the different TCM physique types and the dosage of propofol target-injection.

Abstract] Objective To investigate the in vivo therapeutic effects of an extract of herb medi-cines, YiGanQingDuKeLi, in combination with adefovir dipivoxil (ADV) on the rebound of duck hepatitis B virus ( DHBV) multiplication after withdrawal of ADV treatment.Methods Peking ducks were infected with DHBV positive serum samples for 7 days and then screened by SYBR Green real-time PCR.The ducks positive for DHBV were randomly divided into five groups including the model control group, the ADV treat-ment group, the herb treatment group, the high-dose combination therapy group and the low-dose combina-tion therapy group.The ducks in the ADV treatment and the herb treatment groups were respectively treated with distilled water and YiGanQingDuKeLi (1.2 g/ml) for 14 days after the treatment of ADV (0.25 mg/ml) for 21 days.The ducks in the high-dose group were treated with YiGanQingDuKeLi (1.2 g/ml) for 14 days after the combined treatment with high-dose YiGanQingDuKeLi (1.2 g/ml) and ADV (0.25 mg/ml) for 21 days.The ducks in the low-dose group were treated with YiGanQingDuKeLi (0.6 g/ml) for 14 days after the combined treatment with YiGanQingDuKeLi (0.6 g/ml) and ADV (0.125 mg/ml) for 21 days.Blood samples were collected from each duck via leg vein after 0, 7, 14 and 21 days of drug adminis-tration and after 7 and 14 days of drug withdrawal.The levels of DHBV-DNA, alanine aminotransferase ( ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase ( AST) in blood serum samples were detected.Results Compared with the model group, the levels of DHBV-DNA, ALT and AST in ducks from the herb treatment group and combined treatment groups were decreased before the discontinuation of ADV treatment ( P<0.05 or P<0.01).Moreover, the titers of DHBV-DNA in ducks treated with high doses of drugs were much lower than those from ADV treatment group.The levels of DHBV-DNA, ALT and AST in ducks treated with herb medi-cine and high doses of drugs remained at relatively low levels after the cessation of ADV treatment, but re-bounded significantly in ducks with ADV treatment.The levels of DHBV-DNA and ALT rebounded slightly in ducks treated with low doses of drugs as compared with those of ADV treatment group ( P<0.01 or P<0.05).Conclusion The treatment of YiGanQingDuKeLi in combination with ADV could inhibit not only the in vivo replication of DHBV, but also the rebound of DHBV multiplication after ADV withdrawal.

BACKGROUND: There is often a physical and psychosocial effect in burn injury, and the degree of mental stress reaction is related to social support, individual experience and personality characteristics.OBJECTIVE: To investigate the mental stress reaction, the degree of social support and the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI)personality characteristics in acute burn patients, and to analysis the influence factor of mental stress reaction.DESIGN: Cross-sectional study.SETTING: West China Mental Health Center of Sichuan University, Burn Department of Mianyang Municipal Central Hospital, and Burn Department of General Hospital of Panzhihua Iron and Steel Company.PARTICIPANTS: From April 2003 to April 2005, totally 104 mild, moderate or severe burn patients, including 92 males and 12 females, aged 12-60 years, selected from Mianyang Central Hospital and Department of burn of General Hospital of Panzhihua Iron & Steel Co., Ltd took part in the study.METHODS: The emotional problems and personality characteristics were measured with the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HAMD), the Hamilton Rating Scale for Anxiety (HAMA), the Minnesote Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI), the Social Support Rating Scale (SS) as well as general clinical data,by the rating scales 3 day after burn. The patients were divided into anxiety-depression group (n=51) and normal emotion group (n=53) according to their anxiety-depression scores (anxious score＞ 7,depressive score＞ 8), those influencing factor included burning total area,age, sex and society support, Stepwise Regression was introduced to get the main factors that influenced mental stress reaction.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ① Scores of each scale and comparison of general clinical data in each group; ② stepwise regression analysis of depression and anxiety of burn patients.RESULTS: Data of Totally 104 patients was entered the final analysis. ①The scores were 10.4±2.46 and 16.8±5.94 of anxious and depressive patients during acute burn period, which were higher than those in normal group (4.29±2.26, 5.48±2.06, P=0.01). ② The main influential factor for depression were burning area and social supporting availability, and those for anxiety were age, burning area, social supporting availability and subjective social supporting degree. ③ MMPI test results show that T scores in anxiety-depression group were below 60 points, however T-scores were above 60 points in normal group including cheating points, hypomania,schizophrenia, psychasthenia and paranoid ideation CONCLUSION: Burn is a mental crisis to burn patients, which can lead to abnormal emotional reaction and personality change. The depressive and anxious score are positively related with burning area, and are negatively correlated with society supporting availability. The good social support system is benefit to over mental crisis period.