Objective:To investigate the curative effects and the economic effects of Alprostadil in Pharmacotherapeutic Schemes for Cerebral Infarction. Methods:118 cases of cerebral infarction, admitted from March 2001 to March 2003, were collected and divided into two groups: Alprostadil was given to group Ⅰ, Alprostadil was not given to group Ⅱ. Data was evaluated using the pharmacoeconomics cost effectiveness analysis. Results: The costs of two groups were 13 826.13 and 7 884.55 yuan respectively. The effective rates of two groups were 92.89% and 80.33% respectively. The cost-effective rates of two groups were 148.70 and 98.15 yuan / per unit of effective. It cost 469.69 yuan for group Ⅰ to increase per unit of effective above group Ⅱ. Conclusion: GroupⅡ had lower cost- effective ratio, and groupⅠ had higher effective rate. If patients care about effectiveness more than cost, it maybe useful to take groupⅠ.

Objective To elucidate the pathogenesis of nodular duodenitis by investigating its endoscopic and histopathological characteristics. Methods One hundred and thirty-six patients were enrolled into study. Histopathological changes of duodenal tissue specimens were examined by H-E and AB/PAS staining. H.pylori was demonstrated by Giemsa staining and rapid urease test. Results Under endoscopy, all 136 patients with nodular duodenitis had nodular lesions (ranged from 0.2 cm to 1.0 cm), variant degrees of erythema and edema, among them 21 cases had erosion, and 30 cases had haemorrhagic spots and/or ecchymoses. The detecting rate of nodular duodenitis was 0.9%(136/15 820) of all the endoscopic examinations and 3.8%(136/3541) of duodenitis. There was 107 cases of nodular duodenitis identified by histopathological examination including 53 cases of chronic duodenitis and 54 cases of active duodenitis. The histopathological characteristics of chronic duodenitis were lymphocytes and plasmocytes infiltration and varied degrees of atrophic duodenal villi and glands. While in active duodenitis, there was neutrophilic granulocytes infiltration. There were 51 cases of Brunner's gland hyperplasia and 59 cases of gastric epithelial metaplasia. Among all patients, 7 cases were proved to be gastric heterotopia, 4 cases of schistosomiasis and 18 cases of normal tissue. Among 107 nodular duodenitis, the positive rate of H.pylori infection was 45.8% (49/107), the infection rate of H.pylori in active duodenitis(59.3%,32/54) was significantly higher than that in chronic duodenitis (32.1%,17/53) (P

Objective:To select the differentially expressed vascular smooth muscle cell(VSMC) apoptosis gene induced by icariin,glucose regulated protein 78(GRP78),to observe the expression of GRP78 in atherosclerosis tissue and to the elucidate the mechanism of anti-atherosclerosis of icariin.Methods:The model was established by using halfcystine in viro.The vascular smooth muscle cell was incubated with various concentrations of icariin for 48 hours.The apoptosis was detected by TUNEL assay.GRP78 gene was amplificated by PCR,recombinant plasmid were constructed,transfected into E.coli,positive clonings were selected and conf irmed by restriction endonucleas analysis,and sequence-ed.Tissue situ hybridization was used to observe the GRP78 expression in atherosclerosis tissue.Results:Icariin promoted obviously vascular smooth muscle cell apoptosis.Furthermore,the fragment,648bp,was similar to the gene of GRP78 from VSMC,and the expression level was signif icantly higher in high cholesterol group than in control nroup.Conclusions:The GRP78 plays a key role in inducing atherosclerotic lesions.The mechanism of anti-atherosclerosis of icariin might be partly due to promoting apoptosis of vascular smooth muscle cell.

Objective To explore the clinical diagnosis and treatment of primary appendiceal adenocarcinoma.Methods The clinical data of 8 patients with primary appendiceal adenocarcinoma were retrospectively analyzed.Results The cases of primary appendiceal adenocarcinoma accounted for all appendectomy specimens of 0.13％ (8/6 069).Among them,only 1 case was diagnosed correctly before operation,preoperative conventional abdominal CT examination was valuable for the diagnosis.One stage right hemicolectomy was performed in 2 cases,two stage right hemicolectomy was carried out in 5 cases.Postoperatively systemic chemotherapy was performed in 2 cases.Conclusions Lack of particular presentation,primary appendiceal adenocarcinoma is uncommon and difficult to be diagnosed exactly,preoperative misdiagnosed rate is very high.Right hemicolectomy is the most commonly recommended surgical option,systemic chemotherapy should be offered according to the stage.

Objective To investigate the protective effect of normal hematopoietic and without causing the increase of relapse rate of amifostine in patients with acute myeloid chemotherapy.Methods One hundred and forty-two acute myeloid leukemia(AML) patients were selected and divided into combination group(n =56) and chemotherapy alone group (n =86).Hematological toxicity and non-hematologic toxicity,response rate,duration of response of patients were prospective,non-randomized,case-control study.Results Fifty-six patients in combined group included 30 male and 26 female patients,and 18 patients in high risk stage and 32 patients in intermediate risk stage and 6 patients in low risk.The median age was (35.14 ± 14.42) year in combination group.Chemotherapy alone group included 58 male 28 female patients,and 14 patients in high risk and 64 patients in intermediate risk and 8 patients in low risk.The median age was (46.58 ± 16.99) year.There were no significant difference between two groups in terms of gender (P =0.318) and risk stage(P =0.262).But more young patients were in combination group compared with chemotherapy alone group and there was significant difference(P =0.004).In combination group,42.9％ (24 cases)patients got high Ara-C dose and 32.1％ (18 cases) patients got high HAA dose chemotherapy compared with control group (14.9％ (12 cases)and 20.9％ (18 cases)).The during periods of platelet with ＜20 × 109/L in combination was 0(0,7) day,lower than that in chemotherapy alone group (9 (4,14),P =0.01).Meanwhile the volume of platelet infusion in combination group was less than that in chemotherapy alone group and the nadir of platelet4(0(0,3) U vs.4(1,6) U,P =0.02).No statistic difference was found in two groups regarding of non-hematological side effects and the relapse rate (before and after treatment,combination group:96.4％ (54/56) ; Chemotherapy alone group:98.8 ％ (85/86) ; P=0.062).Conclusion Amifostine may provide protection for AML patients,can short duration of thrombocytopenia,reduce platelet transfusions,and other side effect was no significant difference.

Objective To compare the clinical effects of different surgical management for obsolute glaucoma.Methods 31 eyes of absolute glaucoma were retrospectively analyzed,including 23 case 23 eyes(A group) with cyclocryotherapy,8 case 8 eyes(B group)with cyclocryotherapy combining with paracentesis of anterior chamber,the pain and duration were comparatively observed.Results In the cyclocryotherapy,the pain occurred in 23 eyes,the duration time was 3 to 10 days,the average time was 6.8 days.While 4 eyes occurred pain in the cyclocryotherapy combining with paracentesis of anterior chamber,the duration time was 1 to 3 days,the average time was 2.3 days.There was significant difference(P

AIM: To select differentially the expressed gene,glucose regulated protein 78(GRP78),to observe the expression of GRP78 in atherosclerosis tissue and to elucidate the mechanism for anti-atherosclerosis of puerarin.METHODS: The model was established by using homocysteinemia in vitro.The vascular endothelial cells were incubated with various concentrations of puerarin(10 -7 mol/L,10 -6 mol/L,10 -5 mol/L) for 48 h.The apoptosis rate was detected by flow cytometry using Annexin/PI-staining.GRP78 gene was amplificated by PCR.These differentially expressed fragments were cloned,selected,confirmed,and sequenced.Digoxigenin-labeled DNA Probe and cholesterol-rich rabit model were prepared,GRP78 mRNA was determined by in situ hybridization in atherosclerotic lesions and normal tissue.RESULTS: Three concentrtions of puerarin significantly inhibited the apoptosis of endothelial cells.The early apoptosis rate was decreased magnificently in a dose dependent manner compared with that of HCY group (P

Objective To analyze the practicality of current diagnostic criteria of invasive fungal infection (IFI) in patients with hematologic diseases/malignant tumors,so as to enhance the recognition of characteristics of pulmonary IFI after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT).Methods The clinical features of 51 cases with IFI after allo-HSCT were analyzed retrospectively.Results Pulmonary IFI accounted for 42.1％ (51/121) of the whole infectious pneumonia diagnosed among the patients admitted during the study.One (2.0％) case was proven diagnosis ; 24 (47.1％) were probable diagnosis and 26(51.0％) were possible diagnosis.The using of immuno-suppressors and corticosteroids,and the presence of graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) were the main host factors.The patients with two or more host factors simultaneously accounted for 66.7％ (34/51) of all pulmonary IFI patients.Totally 94.1％ (48/51) of the patients with pulmonary IFI presented nodules and/or patches as the main features in high resolution computed tomography (HRCT) scanning.The positive rates of fungal antigen detection were 58.6％ for G test and 33.3％ for GM test,which were relatively high.Twenty patients (39.2％) showed decrease of arterial partial pressure of oxygen and hypoxia in blood-gas analysis.Conclusions For the diagnosis of pulmonary IFI post allo-HSCT,the administration of immuno-suppressors and corticosteroids,and the presence of GVHD were the main host factors.Nodules and/or patches were the main features in HRCT image.Fungus antigen detection is the main tool to support clinical diagnosis.

Objective To investigate the role of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor one(NMDA-R1 )in visceral hypersensitivity forming of Sprague-Dawley rat model induced by transient Trichinella spiralis intestinal infection.Methods Forty male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into healthy control group,visceral hypersensitivity group,0.9％ NaCl group and MK-801 group.The rats in visceral hypersensitivity group,0.9％NaCl group and MK-801 group were given Trichinella spiralis to establish infection model.After eight weeks,the rats in 0.9％NaCl group and MK-801 group were given 0.9 ％ NaCl and MK-801 respectively.The abdominal muscular electrical activity of each group was observed under 20,40,60 and 80 mm Hg (1 mm Hg=0.133 kPa) colorectal distension pressure.After abdominal muscular electrical activity recorded,rats were sacrificed and the colon specimens were collected.The expression of NMDA-R1 at protein level was detected by Western blot.The data were analyzed by LSD test and Bivariate correlation.Results There was significant correlation between areas under curve (AUC) of abdominal muscular electrical activity electromyography and distension pressure in healthy control group,visceral hypersensitivity group,0.9％ NaCl group and MK-801 group (r=0.823,0.618,0.913,0.889 respectively,all P＜0.01).Under 20,40,60,80 mm Hg distension pressure,there was significant difference in AUC between MK-801 group and visceral hypersensitivity group (LSD test,all P＜0.05).The AUC of MK-801 group was lower than that of healthy control group,but there was significant difference (LSD test,P =0.029) only when distension pressure was at 80 mm Hg.The integral optical density value of NMDA-R1 protein of MK-801 group (1.238 ±0.210) was significantly lower than that of visceral hypersensitivity group (2.231±0.450) and 0.9％NaCl group (2.104±0.220) (LSD teat,P=0.025,0.046).The JA value of NMDA-R1 protein of visceral hypersensitivity group and 0.9％NaCl group was significantly higher than that of healthy control group (LSD test,P =0.007,0.014).Conclusion The visceral hypersensitivity forming was correlated with the high expression of NMDA-R1,and it could be adjusted by inhibiting NMDA-R1 expression in enteric nervous system.

Objective To explore the activation on occipital lobe in children with and without abacus mental calculation training when they engaged in different calculation tasks with functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI).Then approach the laterality of occipital lobe in abacus mental calculation.Methods fMRI was performed in children trained with( trained group)and without( untrained group) abacus mental calculation( seventeen in each group) when they engaged in addition,subtraction,multiplication,division,and number-object control judging tasks.The data processing and statistical analysis of original image were performed on SPM 2.0 ( statistical parametric mapping 2.0) and the related-brain functional areas were obtained.The laterality index (LI) was used to assess the laterality of occipital lobe.Results The performance of the trained group with better correctness and shorter reaction time was much better than that of the untrained group (P＜0.01).The laterality degree of occipital lobe in the trained group (-0.15,0.22,0.24,-0.06 ) was lower than that of the untrained group (0.35,0.75,0.75,0.29).Conclusion Abacus mental calculation can obviously enhance the capacity of mental calculation.The laterality degree of occipital lobe in the trained group is lower than that of untrained group.It is conducive to the balanced development of bilateral cerebral hemisphere.