Sinusoid lining endothelial cell(SEC) of the liver is a group of cells different from vessel lining endothelial cells with high heterogeneity characteristics, it shows many biological functions in normal liver and plays a role in liver injury caused by acute and chronic liver diseases as well as fibrogenesis. Increasing attention has been paid to the capillarization in hepatocellular carcinoma in recently years, some studies showed that SEC is attributed to the formation of capillarization with changes of the immunophenotype, such as expression of CD34.The pathological study of SEC on liver disease was briefly reviewed in this paper.

Papillary carcinoma is one of the commonest tumors in the thyroid.The pathologic diagnosis of papillary carcinoma as well as follicular carcinoma and follicular adenoma of the thyroid are based on the morphology observation hitherto.However,the diagnostic value of immunostaining for distinction among differentiated neoplasm of the thyroid was so far absent.With the identification of the special markers of lymphatic vessel endothelial cell by immunohistochemical method in the recent years,the rapid progress in the research of lymphangiogenesis of the tumors had been made.This article briefly reviewed the progress of the special markers of lymphatic vessel endothelial cell and vascular endothelial growth factors in the differentiated neoplasm of the thyroid.

Objective To study the rule of breaking Ferula fukanensis seed dormancy under low-temperature and content changes of endo-hormone.Methods The seeds were treated with stratification under 4 ℃ and germinated under 20 ℃.The content of endo-hormone,such as Z,GA_3,IAA,and ABA,was mensurated by HPLC.Results The seed germination rate achieved as high as 14% in 20 d and more than 60% in 40 d.Among breaking the seed dormancy,the content of endo-hormone was decreased gradually,while the rate of GA_3 and ABA was increased quickly in 10—20 d under 4 ℃ stratification.ConclusionThe stratification under 4 ℃ could break the seed dormancy.The rate of GA_3 and ABA is a pivotal factor of the seed dormancy.The endo-hormones IAA and Z have the significant effect on seed germination.

Objective To explore the correlation between the increasing of blood glucose and cytokines in malignant tumor patients after chemotherapy.Methods According to the blood glucose after chemotherapy,155 cases of malignant tumor patient were divided into 3 groups:euglycemia group,IGT(impaired glucose tolerance)group and DM(diabetes mellitus)group.The variance of cytokines in the 3 groups were analyzed.Results Compared with pre-chemotherapy,IL-6,TNF-αincreased greatly in IGT group and DM group,while IL-10 decreased greatly.The statistical difference were obvious compared with euglycemia group.Conclusion There are close correlation between the increasing of blood glucose and cytokines in malignant tumor patients after chemotherapy.

Objective To evaluate the morphological features and distribution of Cajal-like cells in the human upper urinary tract after the laparoscopic nephrectomy.MethodsFrom January 2008 to August 2008,specimens of the kidney were obtained from 23 patients after laparoscopic nephrectomy in our hospital.Each specimen included the renal calyces,renal pelvic,and proximal ureter.HE staining and CD117 immunohistochemical staining were performed.The Cajal cells harvested from normal colon were used as positive control.The cells were observed under light microscope and the distribution of the Cajal-like cells in the upper urinary tract were analyzed.ResultsThe morphology of Cajal-like cells in the human upper urinary tract were similar to those collected from the colon,both showed fusiform shape and were positive for CD117.The Cajal-like cells within the colon were located surrounding the myenteric nerve plexus between the smooth muscles,whereas the Cajal-like cells distributed in the human upper urinary tract were diffused within the lamina propria and muscles.The density of Cajal-like cells at the renal calyces,renal pelvic,and proximal ureter was 15.4?5.4/cm2,22.6?6.6/cm2,and 19.9?5.8/cm2,respectively.The density at the renal calyces was significantly lower than those in the renal pelvic and proximal ureter(P=0.000,P=0.014),whereas,no significant difference was found in density between the renal pelvic and proximal ureter(P=0.129).ConclusionsCajal-like cells exist in the human upper urinary tract with different distribution characteristics from those in the gastrointestinal tract.In the upper urinary tract,the density of the cells is various,which may be related to the functions of the different parts of the tract.

Taxoid 14?-hydroxylase directs a side-route of taxol pathway that leading to a large number of 14?-hydroxy taxoid side products. A RNAi vector was used to suppress the expression of taxoid 14?-hydroxylase (14OH) gene in Taxus?media suspension cells. The dsRNA expression unit was introduced into Taxus?media cells via Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation approach. PCR-Southern blot analysis of transgenic cells showed that the dsRNA unit was integrated into the genome of Taxus?media. The levels of transcripts for 14OH gene in transformed and the control cell lines were determined by using RT-PCR method. In addition,the yield of taxoids were analyzed by HPLC. The transcription of 14OH gene was suppressed and the total amount of three C-14 oxygenated taxoids (yunnanxane,sinenxan A,sinenxan C) in Taxus?media transgenic cell lines reduced significantly as compared to those in the non-transgenic control. Inhibition of the 14OH gene via RNAi might provide a new way to enhance the production of Taxol in Taxus cells.

443) ?mol/L) due to upper urinary calculous obstruction,urgently treated by pneumatic lithotripsy(EMS,Switzerland) under ureteroscopy,from August 2002 to April 2006 in this hospital.After stone fragmentation and removal,an indwelling double-J stent was placed into the ureter at the same time.Results The continuity of the ureter was restored after one session of lithotripsy in all the 9 cases(14 sides).The ureteral calculi were thoroughly removed on one session in 7 cases(12 sides).Few residual stones were found in the renal pelvis in 2 cases(2 sides),in one of which the stones were spontaneously expelled after oral medication,and in another,after extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy(ESWL).No severe complications happened,such as ureteral avulsion,rupture,or perforation.Concentrations of serum creatine were decreased to normal levels within 3~7 days after operation in all the 9 cases.The gross blood urine disappeared in 1~4 days postoperatively.The patients were discharged from the hospital after 3~7 days (mean,5 days) after operation.The double-J catheter was removed at 1~2 months postoperatively.Follow-up examinations in 7 cases for 2~30 months(mean,14 months) found normal levels of serum creatine and no recurrent urinary stones under B-ultrasonography or X-ray radiography.Conclusions Ureteroscopic pneumatic lithotripsy in the treatment of acute renal failure due to upper urinary calculous obstruction is an effective treatment with short operation time,safety,and minimal trauma.By using this procedure,both sides of ureteral stones can be removed on one session.

Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics and therapy methods of dorsolateral medullary syndrome.Methods The clinical data of 36 cases of dorsolateral medullary syndrome were analyzed retrospectively.Results The palients presented with acute or sub-acute oneset.Vertigo(83.3%),dysarthria(61.1%),dysphagia(52.8%),Horner's syndrome(80.6%),ataxia(72.2%) and crossed sensory disturbance(50%) were the most common symptoms and signs.MRI examination demonstrated dorsolateral medullary infarction in 32 of 36 patients.13 patients received DSA examination and the results showed 6 patients with different degree disease of vertebral arery,2 patients with isolated posterior inferior cerebellar artery occlusion,1 patient with vertebral occlusion and ipsilateral posterior inferior cerebellar artery stenosis.In 33 patients who received anticoagulation,antiplatelet and activating blood circulation to dissipate blood stasis therapies,26 patients improved 7~10 days after treatments and the symptoms almost disappeared during 1～2 months.6 cases remained different degree sensory disturbance and ataxia 1 case died.3 patients were treated with percutaneous transluminal angioplasty and stenting.The symptoms relieved at the day of operation and recovered completely 1 week after operation.Conclusions Dorsolateral medullary syndrome is a clinical syndrome because of insufficient blood-supply in local blood vessel.MRI is sensitive for the diagnosis of dorsolateral medullary syndrome.The location and degree of the disease can be identified by DSA.Intervention treatment is an effective method in the therapy of dorsolateral medullary syndrome.

Objective To evaluate the curative effectiveness of ureteroscopic pneumatic lithotripsy in the treatment of ureteral lithiasis.Methods Ureteroscopic pneumatic lithotripsy was performed in 158 cases of ureteral calculi(163 sides)by using the Wolf F8/9.8 rigid ureteroscope and the EMS pneumatic ballistic lithotriptor from August 2002 to April 2006.The operation was carried out under intravertebral anesthesia.Under the irrigation with normal saline,the ureteroscope was advanced into the ureter.Then the ureteral stones were fragmented by pneumatic lithotripsy and removed.Afterwards,a further exploration of the ureter above the lesion was conducted and a double-J drainage tube was placed.Results The operation time was 15-90 min(mean,40 min).The total successful fragmentation rate was 96.9%(158/163),involving a success rate of 86.6%(13/15)for upper stones,96.9%(46/49)for middle stones,and 100%(99/99)for lower stones.The stone migration into the renal pelvis was encountered in 2 cases of upper ureteral calculi(treated by extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy following a double-J tube placement)and in 3 cases after stone fragmentation(treated by stone expulsion with drugs or extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy following a double-J tube placement).Ureteral perforation happened during the procedure in 3 cases(1.8%),requiring a double-J tube placement.No serious complications occurred,such as ureteral mucous avulsion or rupture and injuries of neighboring organs or vessels.No conversion to open surgery was required.Follow-up checkups for 1-38 months in 125 cases with B-ultrasonography or KUB film found no recurrence.Conclusions Ureteroscopic pneumatic lithotripsy is a safe,effective,and feasible technique for ureteral lithiasis.