Independent component algorithm (ICA) is a method of higher-order statistics(HOS) with the study objects of multivariate random signals that are mutual independent. It aim is to transform multivariate random signal into the signal having components that are mutually independent in complete statistical sense. This article briefly introduce series of the ICA algorisms including second order blind identification, multiple unknown source extraction algorithm based on second-order statistics, as well as Informax, modified Informax, fast fixedpoint ICA and joint approximative diagonalization of eigenmatrix (JADE) algorithm that are based on HOS. At the end of the article, the performance of each algorithm is compared and its application prospect is forecasted.

Objective To investigate the values of echocardiogram for evaluating the changes of left ventricular structure and cardiovascular function of the acute mountain sickness (AMS) patient before and after returning the plain.Methods A total of 33 light AMS patients returning to the plain in time underwent echocardiogram examinations on some cardiovascular indexes before and after returning the plain,including stroke volume (SV),cardiac output (CO),left atrial volume index (LAVI),left ventricular end-diastolic volume (LVEDV),early diastolic mitral flow velocity (E),late diastolic mitral flow velocity (A) and so on.Results The values of heart rate (HR),systolic blood pressure (SBP),diastolic blood pressure (DBP),CO,A and LAVI after going to the plateau were all significantly higher than those before going to the plateau (P＜0.05),while the values of SV,E,E/A and LVEDV were obviously lower (P＜0.05).The values of HR,SBP,DBP,CO,A,E and E/A recovered respectively 1 month after going to the plateau when compared with those before going to the plateau (P＜0.05),while did not restore to the ones before going to the plateau (P＜0.05),and the values of LVEDV,LAVI and SV reached the level before going to the plateau (P＜0.05).The values of LVEDV,SV,SBP,LAVI and E 1 week after returning to the plain came to the level before going to the plateau (P＜0.05),and the values of CO,HR,DBP and A were significantly higher (P＜0.05) while the value of E/A was statistically lower (P＜0.05).Conclusion Echocardiogram can be used to evaluate the left ventricular structure and cardiovascular function of the AMS patient,especially for those light AMS patients in acclimatization period or before and after returning to the plain.

This study was aimed to discuss the difference of Cun-Kou six-pulse (CKSP) diagram of different diseases. The ZBOX-I Type Pulse Digital Analyzer was used to collect CKSP diagram of 30 bronchial asthma cases and 33 chronic gastritis cases. Time-domain parameter was extracted for analysis. Comparison was made by statistical methods. The results showed that there was statistical difference on time-domain parameter of pulse diagram for different diseases (P<0.05). There was statistical difference on time-domain parameter of pulse diagram between the left side and right side (P<0.05). There were statistical differences on t4 of left Cun, t4 and h5 of right Cun, t1\t4 of left Chi between bronchial asthma and chronic gastritis cases (P<0.05). It was concluded that the single-cycle pulse diagram of chronic gastritis was wider but no higher than that of bronchial asthma. The systole phase of single-cycle pulse diagram of bronchial asthma occupied greater proportion than that of chronic gastritis. There was difference on Cun of time-domain parameter in pulse diagram between bronchial asthma and chronic gastritis. It was consistent with the theory of Cun-Kou sub-designated zang-fu organs, which was “left Cun designates heart, right Cun designates lung.” However, there was no further explanation on functional differences between the spleen and stomach. The mechanism of pulse difference on the left and right side still required further illustration.

We have retrospectively analyzed the medical files of 86 consecutive patients who were diagnosed as cases of adrenal or extra-adrenal pheochromocytoma at Changhai hospital between 2001 and 2009. Patients with incidentally detected pheochromocytoma often had lower prevalence of hypertension and lower mean arterial blood pressure compared with those patients suspected of pheochromocytoma on clinical grounds.

AIM:To observe the contents of ursolic acid and oleanolic acid in Liuwei Dihuang Pill(Radix Rehmanniae praeparata,Rhizoma Dioscoreae,Fructus Corni,Rhizoma Alismatis,etc.) from different manufacturers and explore their effects on quality of Liuwei Dihuang Pill.METHODS:Ursolic acid and oleanolic acid in Liuwei Dihuang Pill were determined by HPLC-PAD method using Kromasil C_ 18 column(4.6 mm?250 mm,5 ?m) as chromatographic column,methanol-water-phosphate(88∶12∶0.02) as the mobile phase at the rate of 1.0 mL/min.RESULTS:6.462-0.718 ?g of ursolic acid and 3.132-0.348 ?g of oleanolic acid presented a good linear relationship.The average recoveres were 99.73% and 97.59%,RSD were 1.5% and 1.7%,respectively.There were significant differences in the contents of ursolic acid and oleanolic acid in Liuwei Dihuang Pill from four different manufacturers.CONCLUSION:The method is simple,rapid and feasible to set up determination of ursolic acid and oleanolic acid in Liuwei Dihuang Pill by HPLC-PAD.Although the contents of ursolic acid and oleanolic acid have significant differences in different manufactures,the results show good consistency in the content variation of the two acids.

Objective To study the effect and mechanism of electroaeupuncture at acupoint Guanyuan on expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and tropomyosine receptor kinase B (TrkB) in spinal cord and excitability of detrusor of rat with urinary retention after spinal cord injury. Methods The model of urinary retention after spinal cord injury was established by using weight drop method. Eighty female Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups, namely, a normal, a sham, a model and an electroacupuncture (EA) group, with 20 rats in each group. The EA group was given electroacupuncture at aeupoint Guanyuau once a day for 10 days in total, while the other groups was given no treatment. After 10 days, the expression level of BDNF and TrkB in spinal cord of injury site was measured by immunohistochemistry staining, and excitability of detrusor was measured by using the muscle strips in vitro. Results It was revealed that, with regard to the expression level of BDNF and TrkB in spinal cord,the model group exceeded the normal and sham group, the EA group significantly exceeded the other groups ( P < 0. 05 ). With regard to the excitability of detrusor, the model group was significant-ly lower than the normal and sham group. The EA group significantly exceeded the model group ( P < 0.05 ). Conclusion Electroacupuncture at acupoint Guanyuan can raise the expression level of BDNF and TrkB in spinal cord and increase the excitability of detrusor in rats with urinary retention after spinal cord injury.

Requirement for Medical English teaching in physical medicine physicians training has been on the agenda to fit the new condition of globalization. According to the development of physical medicine in China and students English level, courses of medical English were set to match the requirements of both scientific research and clinic works. We try to improve students' medical English level through lectures in multimedia classroom and a lot of practical activities after class.

Objective To evaluate the application value of dermoscopy in the diagnosis of genital condyloma acuminatum (CA) in men.Methods A total of 122 warts from 66 male patients with suspected genital CA were firstly diagnosed by experienced dermatologists according to macroscopic morphological characteristics of lesions and clinical history of patients.Afterwards,the warts were examined and diagnosed by dermoscopy,and the two diagnosis results were compared with histopathological findings.Results Of 122 suspected warts,100 were diagnosed as CA by naked-eye examination,112 as CA by dermoscopy and 114 as CA by pathological examination.When histopathological findings served as the gold standard,dermoscopy had a sensitivity of 97.4％ and a specificity of 87.5％,and naked-eye examination had a sensitivity of 87.7％ and a specificity of 100％.Under dermoscopy,most male genital warts were pink (98/114,86.0％) and papillary (98/114,86.0％),and had distinct vascular characteristics (107/114,95.5％),which mainly included pleomorphic vessels (102/114,89.5％) and punctate vessels (98/114,86.0％).Conclusion CA has characteristic structures under dermoscopy,so dermoscopy can be used for the diagnosis of genital CA in men.

Objective: To discuss the differences in pulse conditions for pregant women in different age groups. Methods: Using TP-I digital electropulsograph to collect sphygmograms at Chi pulse of both left and right hands for preagnant women at different ages in 563 cases, analyzed the distribution of pulse conditions and the differences of the pulse parameters in different age groups. Results: There was significant difference (P

Objectlve To demonstrate the feasibility of three-dimensional(3D)spin-lattice relaxation time in the rotating frame(T1ρ)-weighted imaging of porcine patellar cartilage in vitro at 7.0 T and the measurement of T1ρ of agarose phantom and patellar cartilage.Methods All the MR Imaging experiments were performed on a 7.0 T Varian scanner using a 6.0-cm-diameter quadrature birdcage RF coil tuned to 300 MHz.A 3D spin-echo sequence with a self.compensating spin-lock pulse cluster was used to acquire 3D-T1ρ-weighted images.The time of spin-locking(TSL)was from 0 to 50 ms with an interval of 10 ms.Spin-lock power wag 440 Hz.3D-T1ρweighted imaging was done three times for 6 phantoms (concentration 1%t0 6%),as well as once for 8 porcine patellar cartilages in order to assess the reproducibility of this technique.Signal-to-noise ratio(SNR)was measured on the acquired images of both phantoms and patellar cartilages,which were tested for significance using Two-way ANOVA.The images were processed on Vnmr J workstation using home-built processing software to construct 3 D T1ρ maps.T1ρ values were calculated within manually drawn regions-of-interest(ROI),and differences between groups were tested for significance using analysis of variance(One-way ANOVA).Results T1ρ -weighted images with a shorter TSL had a higher SNR value,which measured between 48±8 and 95±8 in the global cartilage.Cartilage images had a higher SNR(TSL＜30 ms)compared to agarose phantoms and a lower SNR(TSL ＞30 ms)only compared to l%agarose phantorm T1ρ relaxation times in agarose phantoms increased as agarose concentrations decreased in global regions.The CV of T1ρ in agarose phantoms was less than 10%.Global and regional analyses of patellar cartilage T1ρ were 68.9±6.3 ms,80.7±12.8 ms,65.7±7.0 ms,82.4±7.7 ms,and 69.7±6.4 ms in the global cartilage,the superficial layer,the transitional layer,the deep layer,and the calcified layer,respectively.T1ρ in the superficial and deep layer was significantly higher than in the transitional,calcified layer and global cartilage(F=6.436,P＜0.05).Conclusions The present study demonstrates the feasibihty of 3D-T1ρ-weighted imaging of porcine patellar cartilage at 7.0 T with hish image quality.T1ρ maps can be used to quantify the laminar structures in 3D-T1ρ-weighted images of articular cartilage,which pave the way to evaluate early osteoarthritis and cartilage regeneration.