BACKGROUND:Several studies have demonstrated that JAK2 kinase plays an important role in myocardial protection by ischemic preconditioning and medicine preconditioning. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effects of exercise preconditioning on JAK2 mRNA and protein expression in the rat heart and the underlying mechanism of action. METHODS:SD rats were randomly divided into control, exhaustive, exercise preconditioning, and exercise preconditioning + AG490 groups. Rats in the control and exhaustive groups were fed routinely for 3 days. Rats in the exercise preconditioning and exercise preconditioning + AG490 groups were subjected to intermittent treadmil exercise for 3 successive days to establish exercise preconditioning animal models. Rats in the exercise preconditioning + AG490 group were intraperitonealy injected with JAK2 inhibitor AG490 at 10 minutes before exercise preconditioning. After 3 days, rats in the exhaustive, exercise preconditioning, and exercise preconditioning + AG490 groups were subjected to exhaustive treadmil exercise. Serum levels of lactate dehydrogenase and creatine kinase isoenzyme were determined. JAK2 mRNA and protein expression in the rat myocardial tissue was detected by real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR and immunohistochemistry.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Compared with the control group, serum levels of actate dehydrogenase and creatine kinase isoenzyme were increased, and JAK2 mRNA and protein expression in the myocardial tissue was significantly increased in the exhaustive group (P < 0.05). Compared with the exhaustive group, serum levels of actate dehydrogenase and creatine kinase isoenzyme were decreased (P < 0.05), while JAK2 mRNA and protein expression in the myocardial tissue was increased in the exercise preconditioning group (P < 0.05). Compared with the exercise preconditioning group, serum levels of actate dehydrogenase and creatine kinase isoenzyme were increased (P < 0.05), while JAK2 mRNA and protein expression in the myocardial tissue was decreased in the exercise preconditioning + AG490 group (P < 0.05). The results confirm that exercise preconditioning plays its cardioprotective role through activating JAK/STAT signaling pathway, up-regulating the expression of JAK2 mRNA and protein in the cardiac tissue and aleviating myocardial ischemia injury.

To investigate the effects of Xuefu Zhuyu Oral Liquid, a compound traditional Chinese herbal medicine for resolving stagnation, on hemorheology in the patients with blood-stasis syndrome due to coronary disease and their relationship with human platelet antigen-3 (HPA-3) polymorphism of membrane glycoprotein IIb (GPIIb).

Objective To observe expression level of serum vascular endothelial growth factor-C (VEGF-C),VEGF-C receptor-2 and VEGF-C receptor-3 in patients with acute leukemia (AL) and to explore its clinical significance.Methods Enzyme-linked immuno sorbent assay (ELISA) was used to detect the serum expression levels of VEGF-C,VEGFR-2,and VEGFR-3 of 51 patients diagnosed with acute leukemia,43 patients under medical treatment and 16 healthy blood donors.Results (1) Serum VEGF-C,VEGFR-2,and VEGFR-3 expression levels in AL patients were significantly higher than those in normal control group.(2) Serum VEGF-C and VEGFR-2 expression levels in complete remission (CR) group significantly declined after treatment.Serum VEGF-C and VEGFR-2 expression levels in non-complete remission (NR) group slightly declined after treatment but no significant difference was found (P＞0.05).(3) No significant difference was found in serum VEGFR-3 expression levels both in CR group and NR group after treatment (P＞0.05).(4) Serum VEGF-C,VEGFR-2,and VEGFR-3 expression levels in NR group were significantly higher than those in CR group before treatment (P＜0.08).Conclusions Observing serum expression level of VEGF-C,VEGFR-2,and VEGFR-3 of AL patients may be helpful in monitoring curative effects and prognosis of acute leukemia.

A molecularly imprinted two-dimensional photonic crystal hydrogel sensor was developed with erythromycin as imprinted molecule, polystyrene two-dimensional photonic crystal as templates, methanol as solvent, methacrylic acid as monomers and ethylene glycol dimethylacrylate as cross-linkers.The imprinted molecule was removed by methanol/acetic acid (9∶1, V/V).The results showed that the diameter of Debye ring increased 6 mm when the concentration of EM changed from 0 to 1×10-6 mol/L.Namely the lattice spacing decreased 30 nm.In addition, the diameter of Debye ring only increased 1.5 and 2.0 mm when the hydrogel immersed in 1×10-6 mol/L roxithromycin (RM) or erythromycin ethylsuccinate (EEs) solution.The result indicated that the sensor had high selectivity and could be used in determination of erythromycin with low cost and easy operation.

Abstract: Objective　To prepare a microparticle delivery system that regulates the release rate of extracellular vesicles (EVs), and to exert long-term enhancement of liver cell proliferation after only one intervention. Methods EVs was extracted by differential centrifugation. The structure of the EVs was observed by transmission electron microscopy and the membrane marker protein of EVs was detected by Western blotting. EVs-PLA microspheres with "core-shell" structure were prepared by emulsion-solvent evaporation method. Scanning and transmission electron microscopy were used to detect the morphology of EVs-PLA microspheres and EVs. The release test detected the release behavior of EVs in EVs-PLA microspheres. Scanning electron microscopy was used to detect the morphological changes of EVs-PLA microspheres at 8 weeks of release. EVs-PLA microspheres were co-cultured with hepatocytes, and Phalloidin/DAPI staining was used to observe the cell morphology and evaluate the cytotoxicity of the microspheres. CCK8-test was used to evaluate the cell proliferation activity. Western blot analysis was used to detect extracellular vesicles membrane marker protein expression. Results Comparing the ability of hepatocyte proliferation in the group treated with EVs-PLA microspheres and the control group, it was found that EVs-PLA microspheres did not cause cell apoptosis and mutation in cell structure, had biocompatibility and no cytotoxicity. The EVs-PLA microspheres with "core-shell" structure regulated the release behavior of EVs, which can continuously release EVs, exerting a continuous biological role in promoting hepatocyte proliferation after a single intervention. Conclusions The EVs-PLA microspheres can control-release EVs and promote hepatocyte proliferation continuously after a single intervention, providing a reference for further exploration of EVs-loaded delivery systems in promoting liver regeneration.

The study included 197 thyroid nodules which were confirmed by fine-needle aspiration cytology or histopathologic examination. All nodules were graded with malignancy risk stratification of thyroids nodule accordingto the 2015 American Thyroid Association(ATA)management guidelines. Both color Doppler flow imaging (CDFI) and superb microvascular imaging(SMI) were used to classify blood flows of thyroid nodules according to Adler's grading criteria. Morphologic and distribution features of blood flow were also observed by monochrome (mSMI). The optimal threshold drawing from ROC curve and diagnostic efficacy of single and combinative modality were calculated. The results showed that mSMI was more sensitive to detect blood flow of thyroid nodules than other Doppler techniques(P<0.01). Microvascular morphologic features between benign and malignant thyroid nodules were significantly different(P<0.01). The area under ROC curves of ATA,mSMI,and ATA+mSMI were 0.745, 0.740,and 0.834,respectively,suggesting that the diagnostic performance of ATA+mSMI is superior to that of ATA or mSMI alone. There was no significant deference in the sensitivity among ATA, mSMI, and ATA+mSMI (P>0.05). But the specficity and accuracy of combinative modality ATA+mSMI was significantly higher than that of ATA or mSMI alone(P<0.05).

Objective To construct the recombinant yeast expressing PreS2 120-146-hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg),and to evaluate the immune effects of whole yeast cells.Methods PreS2 120-146 and HBsAg gene sequence were optimized according to the yeast cell codon preference,and were recombined and cloned into pPIC3.5K yeast expression vector to construct pPIC3.5K/PreS2 120-146 plasmid.After digested and linearized by Bgk Ⅱ restriction enzyme,pPIC3.5K/PreS2 120-146-HBsAg recombinant plasmid was electrotransformed into GS115 strain to screen PreS2 120-146-HBsAg-recombinant Pichiapastoris .The expression of PreS2 120-146-HBsAg was identified by sodium doclecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophogesis (SDS-PAGE),Western blot and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)analysis. BALB/c mice were vaccinated by inactivated whole recombinant yeast cells expressing target protein. Specific antibodies to HBsAg were detected by ELISA.Cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL)response induced by interferon (IFN)-γ was detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR)when immune spleen cells of mice were stimulated by CTL epitope on HBsAg.Independent sample t test was used. Results Data of PCR detection,restriction enzyme digestion and sequencing analysis showed that recombinant pPIC3.5K/PreS2 120-146-HBsAg plasmid was successfully constructed.SDS-PAGE,Western blot and ELISA verified the expression of PreS2 120-146-HBsAg in the lysate of the recombinant Pichiapastoris induced by methanol.Levels of specific anti-HBsAg IgG antibodies produced by inactivated yeast cells vaccinated mice were comparable to purified HBsAg immunization (t =0.946,P =0.381 ). Analysis of HBsAg-specific CTL responses revealed that the level of IFN-γwas significantly higher when the immune spleen cells of mice were stimulated by CTL epitope peptides on HBsAg (t =2.305 ,P =0.044).Conclusions PreS2 120-146-HBsAg target protein is successfully expressed by construction of recombinant Pichiapastoris . The specific humoral and cellular immune responses are induced by recombinant whole yeast cells vaccinated mice.

Objective　To study the histopathologic features and pathogenesis of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma (MALT-oma) of salivary glands. Methods　Clinical data, paraffin-embedded sections, immunohistochemical slides (SP method) and electron microscopic features of surgical specimens of 32 cases of salivary gland MALT-oma were studied. Results　The patients were 27 males and 5 females, with a mean age of 54.76 years. The lesions were located in the parotid area in 17 cases, and in the submandibular gland in the remaining 15 cases. Much of the MALT-oma was replaced by infiltration of a great amount of centrocyte-like cells (CCL) as background and occasional large cells (centroblast- or immunoblast-like). In MALT-omas “lymphoepithelial lesions" were present. Immunohistochemically, CD20 expression was found to be positive and CD45RO expression was negative in all MALT-omas. Conclusion　Most of the MALT-omas are low grade malignant tumors and have a “homing back" phenomenon. The cases were managed by surgery and chemotherapy. In a few MALT- omas which turned into high grade malignant tumors, the prognosis was poor. Acquired MALT may develop as a reaction to autoimmune disease and infection. Hyper-immune reaction and MALT hyperplasia under stimulation may result in myoepithelial sialadenitis and lead to MALT-oma of the salivary gland.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the chemical constituents in the leaves and branches of Myricaria alopecuroides.

METHODSolvent extraction method was employed to extract and partition. The chemical constituents were isolated by column chromatography on silica gel, Sephadex LH-20, highly porous resin HP-20. The structures of the compounds were elucidated on the basis of physiochemical properties and spectral analysis.

RESULTEleven compounds were isolated from this plant and identified as ellagic acid 3,3',4-trimethylether (1), ellagic acid 3,3'-dimethylether (2), isorhamnetin (3), kaempferol (4), 3, 5-dihydroxy-4-methoxybenzoic acid (5), daucosterol (6), 6,7,10-trihydroxy-8-octadecenoic acid (7), quercetin (8), gallic acid (9), palmitic acid (10), hexadecanoic acid, 2,3-dihydroxypropyl ester (11).

CONCLUSIONExcept 8 and 9, all compounds were isolated from M. alopecuroides for the first time. Compound 1, 2, 5, 7, 10, 11 were obtained from the genus Myricaria for the frist time.