Objective To study the effect of the health education path on health education in patients with diabetes.Methods According to random number table method,100 type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)patients were divided into control group and health education path group.Health education path group received health education through the health education path and the control group by traditional methods.The rate of diabetes-related knowledge mastery and the control of blood glucose in two groups were compared. Result The rate of diabetes-related knowledge mastery and the control of blood glucose in the health education path group were significantly better than those of the control group(P<0.05,for both).Conclusion Health education according to health education path to the patients with diabetes can increase the degree of knowledge and the control effect of blood sugar.

Objective To explore the gene sequencing and prenatal diagnosis of Glanzmann thrombasthenia (GT). Methods The blood samples were drawn from one case of phenotype GT pediatric patient, patient’s parents, and one normal control. The amniotic lfuid and cord blood from the fetus of patient’s mother were collected. When the fetus was born 2 days, the blood was drawn. The coagulation routine test and platelet aggregation test were performed. The expression of platelet membrane glycoprotein (GP) IIb and GPIIIa were tested by lfow cytometry. Microsatellite technology is used to determine whether fetal cord blood is contaminated with maternal cells. The expressed region and the junctional zone between exon and introns of GPIIb and GPIIIa were ampliifed by PCR technology from blood sample of patient, patient’s parents, and fetus’s cord and 2 days after birth. The PCR products were then subjected to DNA sequencing. Results Adenosine diphosphate (ADP) cannot induce the platelet aggregation in the patient. The max rate of the platelet aggregation in the fetus’s cord blood was half of the normal. However, the max aggregation rate induced by ADP in the blood sample of parents and fetus 2 days after birth were equal to normal. The mean lfuorescence intensity (MnX) of platelet membrane GPIIb and GPIIIa in the patient were 10%and nearly zero of the normal control, respectively, while those in the parents, the fetus’s cord blood and 2 days after birth were more than 90%and 30%to 50%of the normal control. The cast-off cells in amniotic lfuid and the DNA in cord blood analysis by microsatellite technology conifrmed that the amniotic lfuid and cord blood not contaminated by maternal cells. Gene analysis showed the heterozygosis mutation in exon6 A3829→C and exon9 G42186→A of the patient’s GPIIIa led to the amino acid heterozygosis mutation in GPIIIaHis281→Tyr and Cys400→Pro. These two mutations came from the father and the mother separately. However, there was only one heterozygosis mutation in exon9 G42186→A in the cast-off cells in amniotic lfuid, the fetus’s cord and blood 2 days after birth. Conclusion This GT patient have double heterozygosis mutation. The fetus has heterozygosis mutation conifrmed after birth.

“Chinese Pharmacopoeia” is the legal basis for drug development, production, operation, use and management in China, and the Chinese Pharmacopoeia 2025 Edition is going to be issued and implemented. This article introduces the revision and amendment situations, analyzes the characteristics of the new edition of the Pharmacopoeia and the future development direction of national standards for better understanding and implementation of the latest edition of pharmacopoeia.

Objective To explore exenatide in the treatment of metformin(MET)alone,sulfonylurea (SU)alone or MET + SU combination therapy with poor glycemic control in type 2 diabetic pa-tients and to find effective nursing measures.Methods 24 patients were randomly divided into the con-trol group and the exenatide group with 12 patients in each group.In the exenatide group,exenatide 5μg twice a day for 4weeks,then 10μg twice a day for 12 weeks.Changes of HbAlc,body weight,BMI,FBG,P2hBG,and rate of adverse reaction were compared between two groups.Results Glycosylated hemoglobin (HbAlc),body weight,BMI,FBG,P2hBG in the control group before and after treatment showed no significant difference,while the exenatide group showed better results compared with those before treatment and the control group.Nursing intervention played evident effect on reducing adverse effect such as nausea,vomiting,diarrhea,low blood sugar,headache.Conclusions For patients with type 2 diabetes,using MET,SU alone or MET + SU combination therapy showed poor results of blood sugar control,addition of exenatide therapy can effectively control blood sugar,nursing intervention can significantly alleviate the adverse effects of patients.

Objective To study the presence of CD4+CD25+regulatory T cells and hepatitis B virus(HBV)specific cytotoxie T lymphocyte(CTL)in peripheral blood and liver tissues of patients with chronic hepititis B(CHB)and its clincial significance.Methods One hundred and fifty-seven HBV-infected patients,including 20 cases of acute hepatitis B,115 cases of chronic hepatitis B,and 22cases of HBV-related liver cirrhosis,and 20 healthy controls were enrolled in this study.Peripheral blood was collected and liver tissues were obtained from some of the enrolled subjects.The CD4+CD25+regulatory T cells and HBV specific CTL were analyzed using flow cytometry and cytokine flow cytometry(CFC).The comparison between groups was done by t test.Results The percentages of CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells in the peripheral blood of patients with acute hepatitis B and CHB of mild,moderate and severe degree were(2.87±0.94)%,(3.53±1.56)%,(4.59±2.98)%and(3.65±1.73)%,respectively,which were higher than that of controls(2.36±0.60)%(t=2.04,5.97,3.30 and 3.17,respectively,P<0.01).The percentages of HBV specific CTL in the peripheral blood of patients with mild,moderate and severe degree of CHB and HBV-related liver cirrhosis were (0.189±0.152)%,(0.103±0.110)%,(0.118±0.120)%and(0.098±0.101)%,respectively,which were significantly lower than that of acute hepatitis patients [(0.815±0.360)%](t=10.09,11.87,9.17 and 8.96,respectively,P<0.01).CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells and HBV specific CTL in liver tissues were both higher than those in the peripheral blood.Conclusion CD4+CD25+regulatory T cells may play an important role in anti-HBV immune response through inhibiting CD8+T eell function.

Objective To investigate the change of serum ghrelin and sex hormones levels in girls with precocious puberty . Methods 87 girls with precocious puberty were divided into the simple premature thelarche (SPT ) and central precocious puberty (CPP) groups according to the results of gonadotropin releasing hormone(GnRH) stimulation test ,size of ovary and uterus ,and de-velopmental status of the secondary sex characteristics ,with 34 age-matched healthy girls as control group .The serum ghrelin level was quantitatively measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) ,luteinizing hormone(LH) ,follicle stimulating hor-mone(FSH) ,estradiol(E2) ,progesterone(PRGE) ,prolactin (PRL) ,testosterone (TSTO) and LH and FSH stimulated by GnRH after 30 ,60 ,90 min were measured by chemoluminescence technique .Results The ghrelin level in the CPP group was significantly higher than that in the control group(P<0 .05);there was no statistically significant difference between the SPT group and the control group and between the CPP group and the SPT group (P>0 .05) .The 5 indexes of sex hormone (LH ,FSH ,E2 ,PRL , PRGE) in the CPP group were significantly higher than those in the SPT group and the control group (P<0 .05) ,but no statisti-cally significant difference existed between the SPT group and the control group (P>0 .05);the TSTO level had no statistically sig-nificant difference among 3 groups(P>0 .05) .Conclusion The serum levels of ghrelin and 5 indexes of sex hormone (LH ,FSH , E2 ,PRL ,PRGE) in girls with CPP are significantly increased .

Objective To study the clinical characteristics of chronic active Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection (CAEBV) in children and to provide a basis for the diagnosis and treatment of CAEBV.Methods Clinical data,laboratory serology,pathological examination,treatment and follow-up results of 10 cases with CAEBV infection who were treated in Xijing Hospital of the Fourth Military Medical University from January 2008 to January 2016 were analyzed retrospectively.Results CAEBV major manifestations were continuous or intermittent fever,hepatomegaly,splenomegaly and lymphadenopathy,and others,including general fatigue,cough,hematemesis,diarrhea,skin rash,jaundice,sore throat,muscle joint pain,and so on.And with liver dysfunction,hematologic abnormality,and so on.All patients in anti-EB virus capsid antigen IgG (EBVCA-IgG)antibodies and EBEA-IgG antibodies had positive,while all patients in EBVCA-IgM antibodies had negative.The median load of EBV-DNA detected by real-time polymerase chain reaction(PCR) in the peripheral blood was 7.15× 105 copies/ml.Six of 10 cases CAEBV patients presented a poor clinical course,1 case died from intracranial hemorrhage,2 cases from respiratory failure,1 case from gastrointestinal bleeding,1 case from liver failure,1 case from severe multiple pathogens infection,rest 3 cases showed an improvement and 1 cases had a recurrence.Conclusion CAEBV infection has varieties of clinical features,with poor prognosis and high mortality.If the patients had unexplained fever,hepatomegaly,splenomegaly and lymphadenectasis,we should be timely detect virology and histopathological to diagnosis as early as possible.

By taking the 《Inorganic Chemistry》of the national standard textbook for the pharmaceutical speciality as a chief source (chief editonHou Xinchu), adopting the softwares of powerpoint, ISIS/ Draw, formula edit tool...etc., and combining the download from the internet, video and refering to the related coursewares in other colleges ...etc., we have and manufactured the multimedia courseware of 《Inorganic Chemistry 》,composed perfectly of various means such as writing, picture, showbiz, animation, voice...etc. This courseware has already been applied in 2001 class,2002 class of the pharmaceutical specialty in our college and has achieved a good result.

Objective To explore the effect of diabetic liaison nurses on controlling blood sugar levels in patients with hyperglycemia in department other than endocrinology. Methods Four hundred diabetic patients with high blood sugar were selected from January to December, 2014 in department other than endocrinology. They were divided randomly into 2 groups equally:the control group and the observation group. The control group received traditional nursing care, while blood sugar management was carried out by diabetic liaison nurse in the observation group. Result Pre-discharge sugar metabolism in the observation group was significantly better than that in the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion The diabetic liaison nurses in other departments than the endocrinology department can help control blood sugar levels in patients with hyperglycemiain.

Objective To investigate effects analysis of joint function and MMP-7 and MMP-9 measurement after synovial ar-throscopic debridement for knee synovitis.Methods 72 patients with knee synovitis method based on a random draw were e-qually divided into the treatment group and the control group,the control group were given the traditional synovial planing surgery.The treatment group were given the arthroscopic debridement synovium.Results After treatment,the response rates in the treatment group and the control group were 97.2% and 80.6% respectively.The response rate of the treatment group were significantly better than the control group.The difference was statistically significant (P <0.05).The postopera-tive Lysholm scores were increased significantly,while the pain scores were significantly reduced,and the postoperative Ly-sholm score and pain scores difference compared between the two groups were also statistically significant.The difference was statistically significant (P <0.05).The postoperative synovial tissue MMP-7 and MMP-9 expression rates were in the two groups significantly lower.The difference was statistically significant (P <0.05),while the postoperative MMP-7 and MMP-9 expression rates of the treatment group were ignificantly lower than the control group (P <0.05).Conclusion Syn-ovial arthroscopic debridement for knee synovitis can relieve pain and improve knee function,reduce the expression of MMP-7 and MMP-9,thereby enhance the overall efficacy of the treatment.