AIM: To prepare urokinase-loaded immunoliposomes, with anti-D-dimer mouse monoclonal antibody that can selectively target to thrombotic site and test the thrombolytic effect in the rabbit model of acute pulmonary embolism (PE) in early phase. METHODS: 40 New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into five groups: TBS group (TBS buffer, negative control group), urokinase (UK) group (150 000 IU/kg UK, positive control group), Lip group (Lip-UK, containing 50 000 IU/kg UK), Ab group (Ab-Lip-UK, containing 50 000 IU/kg UK) and 2 Ab group (2 Ab-Lip-UK, containing 50 000 IU/kg UK but double DDmAb of Ab group). PE model was established. Five minutes later, five solutions (TBS, UK, Lip-UK, Ab-Lip-UK, 2 Ab-Lip-UK) were transfused through femoral vein respectively. Right ventricular systolic pressure (RVSP) and right ventricular diastolic pressure (RVDP) were estimated within one hour. The pathological changes of lung, heart, liver and kidney were all observed. RESULTS: RVSP in TBS group had no significant changes within one hour after administration. However, RVSP had respective notable decline at 30 min, 40 min, 30 min, 20 min in UK, Lip, Ab and 2 Ab group, respectively. The means of residual emboli were as follows: 4.0±0 in TBS group, 2.4±0.9 in UK group, 3.1±0.6 in Lip group, 2.4±0.9 in Ab group and 1.9±0.6 in 2 Ab group. The lungs in each group showed scattering local congestion, effusion and swelling on the surface. Obvious hemorrhage of heart, kidney and liver was found with HE staining in UK group, no pathologic change was observed in other groups. CONCLUSION: 2 Ab-Lip-UK with early thrombolytic effect and security may be an ideal thrombolytic agent for treating pulmonary embolism.

Humans ; In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence ; methods ; Paraffin

The implantation of endovascular stents is currently one of the main treatments for cardiovascular occlusion diseases. However, the problem of arterial restenosis after implantation has not been completely solved. It has been well documented that the disturbed local blood flow and abnormal flow environment due to the deployment of the stent is one of the major causes of restenosis. Based on the principle of swirling flow in the arterial system, in this research, a spiral flow guider for endovascular stent was proposed to induce the blood flow in the stent to rotate. Then a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method was employed to optimize the design of the guider. The numerical simulation showed that the optimized guider could create sufficiently strong spiral flow that, we believe, can efficiently subdue the adverse disturbance to blood flow by the stent so that the arterial restenosis due to the stent implantation might be suppressed.
Arteries ; physiopathology ; Blood Flow Velocity ; physiology ; Blood Vessel Prosthesis ; Coronary Restenosis ; prevention & control ; Humans ; Prosthesis Design ; methods ; Pulsatile Flow ; Shear Strength ; Stents ; adverse effects

Objective:To investigate the translocations of MYC, bcl-2 and bcl-6 genes, the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) status and the clinicopathological features of primary cardiac large B cell lymphoma (LBCL).Methods:Seven cases of primary cardiac LBCL were collected at Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, China from February 2013 to May 2019. The clinical feature, pathological morphology and immunophenotype were analyzed. The detections of EBV and gene rearrangements of MYC, bcl-2 and bcl-6 were conducted. The 2017 WHO classification of tumors of haematopoietic and lymphoid tissues was used to classify the tumors.Results:Four patients with right atrial lesions showed diffuse infiltration of medium size lymphoid cells with small vascular hyperplasia, without evidence of EBV infection. Without detectable gene rearrangements of MYC and bcl-2, 2 of the patients showed bcl-6 gene break-apart. The diagnosis was revised from diffuse LBCL to high-grade B-cell lymphoma, not otherwise specified (HGBL-NOS). There was a case of CD5 + diffuse LBCL involving the right atrium and ventricle and 2 cases of fibrin-associated diffuse LBCL located at left atrium without gene rearrangements of MYC, bcl-2 and bcl-6. However, EBER and EBNA2 were highly expressed in fibrin-associated diffuse LBCL. The patients were followed up for 10-71 months. Four cases of HGBL-NOS and a case of CD5 + diffuse LBCL received R-CHOP with/without autologous stem cell transplantation. All but two patients survived. Two cases of fibrin-associated diffuse LBCL were disease free without adjuvant chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Conclusions:Primary cardiac LBCL is heterogeneous, including at least HGBL-NOS. Primary cardiac HGBL-NOS most frequently occurs in the right atrium. Tumor cells of primary cardiac LBCL have the morphological characteristics similar to Burkitt lymphoma, lacking MYC and bcl-2 gene rearrangements, but usually show bcl-6 gene disruption. Fibrin-associated diffuse LBCL has a good prognosis and postoperative chemotherapy seems unnecessary.

Objective: To investigate the clinicopathological features of EBV-positive T/NK cell lymphoproliferative diseases (EBV⁺ T/NK-LPD). Methods: The clinical characteristics of 156 cases of EBV⁺ T/NK-LPD were collected from August 2002 to March 2015 at Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University. Immunohistochemical staining, EBER in situ hybridization and clonal analysis of TCR gene were performed. All patients were followed up. Results: There were 106 male and 50 female patients; patients′ age ranged from 1 to 75 years (median 20 years). The course of the diseases before diagnosis ranged from 2 to 540 months (median 20 months). Fever was noted in 122 patients (78.2%), 108 patients had lymphadenopathy (69.2%), and 75 patients had hepatosplenomegaly (48.1%). Thirty-three cases were grade 1, 68 cases were grade 2, and 55 cases were grade 3. TCR gene arrangement analysis was performed in 45 cases, and 33 cases (73.3%) showed clonal rearrangement. The follow-up period ranged from 1-134 months, and 44 patients (28.2%) died. There was a trend of increased death rate associated with increasing grade (P>0.05). Conclusions There are many types of EBV⁺ T/NK-LPD, and they can be classified as systemic, relatively localized and localized. The prognosis should be based on a comprehensive analysis of pathology and clinical data. There is no significant correlation between morphological grade and mortality. An important goal of therapy is to prevent serious complications.

Objective To study the incorporation rate and release behavior of bovine serum albumin(BSA) incorporated into the calcium phosphate coating by biomimetic deposition,as well as the physical and chemical properties of the hybrid coating,and to provide experimental basis for the fabrication of growth factor/biomimetic calcium phosphate coating and exploration for the loading/release behavior of growth factors.Methods Pure titanium specimens were immersed into saturated calcium phosphate solutions(SCP) containing no BSA(controlled group) and 3 different concentrations of BSA(experimental groups):1,10 and 100 mg/L.Biomimetic calcium phosphate coating was formed on titanium surface and BSA was incorporated into the coating through co-deposition.The topography of the specimen was observed using scanning electron microscopy(SEM).Chemical structure and phase composition of coatings were detected by Fourier infrared spectroscopy(FTIR) analysis and X-ray diffraction(XRD) respectively.BSA incorporation rate and release profile were determined by bicinchoninic acid protein assay kit.Results The biomimetic calcium phosphate coating was mainly composed of hydroxyapatite and octacalcium phosphate.BSA was successfully incorporated into the calcium phosphate coatings in all the 3 experimental groups.With the increase of BSA concentration,plate-like units of the coatings were turned into small grid structure.BSA incorporation rates of the three experimental groups were(72.4 ± 2.4)％,(62.3 ± 0.9)％ and (42.2 ± 1.7)％ respectively.The in vitro release test showed that all three BSA release profiles could be divided into two significant different stages:early burst release stage and later sustained release stage.The amount of BSA release of the 3 experimental groups in 24 h and 30 d were (1.57±0.09),(8.82±0.93),(140.24±3.12) μg,and (2.39±0.29),(14.39±0.70),(151.06±2.00) μg respectively.Conclusions Biomimetic calcium phosphate coating can be used as an effective carrier for protein.BSA concentration has an impact on the incorporation rate and release speed of BSA from the calcium phosphate coating.Favorable BSA incorporation rate and release behavior can be obtained at BSA concentration of 10 mg/L.

Background::The potential impact of β cell function and insulin sensitivity on adverse pregnancy outcomes in women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) remains uncertain. We aimed to investigate the association between β cell dysfunction, insulin resistance, and the composite adverse pregnancy outcomes.Methods::This observational study included 482 women diagnosed with GDM during pregnancy. Quantitative metrics on β cell function and insulin sensitivity during pregnancy were calculated using traditional equations. The association of β cell dysfunction and insulin resistance with the risk of the composite adverse pregnancy outcomes was investigated using multivariable-adjusted logistic regression models.Results::Multivariable-adjusted odds ratios (ORs) of adverse pregnancy outcomes across quartiles of homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) were 1.00, 0.95, 1.34, and 2.25, respectively ( P for trend = 0.011). When HOMA-IR was considered as a continuous variable, the multivariable-adjusted OR of adverse pregnancy outcomes was 1.34 (95% confidence interval 1.16-1.56) for each 1-unit increase in HOMA-IR. Multivariable-adjusted ORs of adverse pregnancy outcomes across quartiles of homeostatic model assessment for β cell function (HOMA-β) were 1.00, 0.51, 0.60, and 0.53, respectively ( P for trend = 0.068). When HOMA-β was considered as a continuous variable, the multivariable-adjusted OR of adverse pregnancy outcomes was 0.57 (95% CI 0.24-0.90) for each 1-unit increase in HOMA-β. However, other quantitative metrics were not associated with the composite adverse pregnancy outcomes. Conclusions::We demonstrated a significant association of β cell function and insulin sensitivity with the risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes. We have provided additional evidence on the early identification of adverse pregnancy outcomes besides the glycemic values.

Objective: To understand the situation of ticks carrying pathogens in border areas of Heilongjiang province. Methods: From 2009 to 2018, tick specimens were collected in Yichun, Daxing′anling area and Jiamusi in Heilongjiang province. A total of 2 530 ticks were studied, including 800 Ixodes persulcatus and 1 730 Dermacentor silvarum. Tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV), severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (SFTSV), omsk hemorrhagic fever virus (OHFV), langat virus (LGTV), powassan virus (POWV) were detected by real-time RT-PCR. Spotted fever group rickettsia (SFGR) and Borrelia burgdorferi sensulato (B.b.s.l) were detected by PCR in ticks collected from Jiamusi area. Results: All tick speciments collected were negative for TBEV, SFTSV, OHFV, LGTV and POWV. Tick specimens from Jiamusi carried SFGR and B. b.s.l.with positive rates of 59.5% and 8.9%. Conclusions The ticks in border areas of Heilongjiang province carry spotted fever group rickettsia and Borrelia burgdorferi, and the carrying rate of spotted fever group rickettsia is high. The monitoring and control of ticks and tick-borne diseases should be strengthened.