Objective To investigate the relationship between adiponectin /leptin ratio and metabolic index in type 2 diabetes mellitus .Methods A total of 167 cases of type 2 diabetes in our hospital endocrinology clinic 59 people from January 2013 to 2014 were enrolled in the study ,all patients were divided into three groups accordius to fasting plasma glucose(FPG)(42 people< 7 .2 mmol/L as Group 1 of ,7 .2-9 .4 mmol/L as group 2 66 people> 9 .4mmol/L as Group 3) .Patients who have been excluded from treatment with insulin or insulin .Requiring patients to 10 - 12 hours of fasting ,taken fasting blood samples and samples will be sent to the hospital clinical laboratory measured by biochemical analysis way ,the patient of glycosylated hemoglobin ,fasting blood glucose ,blood lipid indexes for comprehensive testing and calculation of patient related indexes ,and carries on the analysis .Results the patient′s body mass index(BMI) ,fasting insulin (FINS) ,low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL) ,triglyceride(TG) ,leptin and adiponectin ,between the ages of no statistical significance exists ,male patients with adiponectin levels and TG ,BMI ,HDL and LDL has a relatively close relationship (positive ,P=0 .000 3) leptin levels and BMI was negatively correlated (P<0 .05) .The adi‐ponectin levels of female patients were closely related to TG ,LDL and HD (positive correlation ,P<0 .05) .Leptin levels and TG were associated with BMI (negative correlation) ,and A/L ratio was correlated with all the indexes (negative correlation) in male and female patients (P<0 .05) .Conclusion HOMA‐IR can not be used as an important indicator of insulin resistance ..A/L and it are more suitable for .

Objective To observe the effects of mouse indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) gene on CD4+ T cells by transfecting an eukaryotic expression vector containing mouse IDO gene fused with enhanced green fluorescent protein (pEGFP-N1). Methods The immature dendritic cells (imDCs) derived from mouse bone marrow were cultured in vitro and morphologically identified by transmission electron microscope, scanning electron microscope and flow cytometry. The immature dendritic cells were transfected by DOTAP liposome, and the expression of green fluorescence protein was confirmed with inverted fluorescence microscope. The spleen-derived CD4+ T lymphocytes from mice were isolated and purified in vitro, and then carried to mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR) with 3H-TdR incorporation. The effect of IDO gene on the proliferation of spleen-derived CD4+ T lymphocytes of the allergized mouse challenged by ovalbumin was assayed by 3H-TdR MLR incorporation, and the apoptosis of spleen-derived CD4+ T lymphocytes was assayed by TUNEL. Results The proliferation of spleen-derived CD4+ T lymphocytes of the allergized mouse challenged by ovalbumin were inhibited by the imDCs transfected with IDO gene, the number of CD4+ T lymphocytes treated with the imDCs transfected pEGFP-N1-IDO eukaryotic expression vector decreased significantly compared with that in control group (P

AIM： To evaluate the role of Na＋/H＋ exchanger-1（NHE-1）in the proliferation and apoptosis of pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells in rats. METHODS: Twenty Wistar rats were equally randomized into the control group and 3-week hypoxic group. Intracellular pH (pHi) of the smooth muscle was determined with fluorescence measurement of the pH-sensitive dye BCECF-AM and the expression of NHE-1 mRNA was detected with RT-PCR. The primary culture of pulmonary artery smooth muscle cell in vitro was performed. In situ cell death detection kit (TUNEL) was used to study the effect of specific NHE-1 inhibitor, dimethyl amiloride (DMA), on the apoptosis of muscle cells which had intracellular acidification. RESULTS: pHi value and expression of NHE-1 mRNA of pulmonary artery smooth muscle cell were significantly higher respectively in the hypoxic group than those in the control group (P＜0.01). DMA elevated the apoptotic ratio significantly. The effect was enhanced when DMA concentration was augmented and the time was prolonged. CONCLUSION： With the function of adjusting pHi, NHE-1 may play an important role in the proliferation and apoptosis of pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells.

The changes of erythrocytic membrane band 3 protein and intraery-throcytic and extrar rythrccytic gases and electrolytes were studied in 69 cases of cor pulmonale and 50 normal subjects.It was found that in the patients of cor pulmonale accompanied with type Ⅱ respiratory failure,the relative low level of erythrocytic membrane band 3 protein and the restriction of HCO-3/Cl-exchange were the factors to aggravate CO2 retention and respiratory acidosis,relative intraerythrocytic alkalosis resulted from the relative increase of intra-erythrocytic HCO-3([HCO-3]),and prompt adminstration of oxygen to cor pulmonale patients with hypoxemia could not only improve extraerythrocytic acid-base imbalance but also increase intraerythcocytic P5O2 and the tissue capacity to store oxygen.

Objective To investigate the value of multi planar reconstruction (MPR) with 64-slice spiral CT for diseases of lumbar disc, vertebra and accessory etc. Methods 50 cases of MPR were compared with 64-slice spiral CT on protrusion of lumbar disc at radom. Results MPR with 64-slice spiral CT showed not only the protrusion of lumbar disc but also the diseases of the vertebra,the accessory, and the adjacent tissue. Conclusion MPR with 64-slice spiral CT has a good value in diagnosis of disease of lumbar disc, vertebra, accessory and the adjacent tissue.

ObjectiveTo investigate effects of combined regimen of low dose gossypol with steroid hormones on apoptosis of spermatocyte and phagocytosis of sertoli cells. Methods Adult male rats were divided into four groups randomly, group GH: rats were fed orally with gossypol(GA) [ 12.5mg / (kg·d) ] and desogestrel(DSG)[125μg/(kg·d) ]/ethinyloestradil(E)[25μg/ (kg·d) ]/testosterone undecanoate(TU)[100mg/(kg·d) ]; group G: a single does of GA[12.5mg/(kg·d ) ] was given; group H: DSG[125μg/(kg·d) ]/E[25μg/(kg·d) ]/TU[100mg/(kg·d) ] were administered; group C: rats only received vehicle(1% methyl cellulose). Testes from all the rats were removed at 4, 6 and 8 weeks after treatment for counting of spermatocyte and round spermatid using stereological assay, and for detecting apoptosis of spermatocyte and phagocytosis of sertoli cell by TUNEL and oil red O staining respectively. Results In GH group, the number of spermatocyte and round spermatid were reduced, while apoptosis of spermatocyte and staining of oil red O in seminiferous epithelium increased significantly. All changes were caused by steroid hormones in the combined regimen. Conclusion Induction of apoptosis of spermatocyte and then being phagocytosed by Sertoli cell is one of antifertility mechanisms of the combined regimen.

Objective To evaluate the effect of dexmedetomidine on the quality of recovery from sevoflurane-based anesthesia in the patients undergoing abdominal surgery.Methods Eighty patients of both sexes, aged 30-64 yr, weighing 45-80 kg, with American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status Ⅰ or Ⅱ , scheduled for elective abdominal surgery, were randomly assigned into 2 groups (n =40 each) using a random number table: control group (group C) and dexmedetomidine group (group D).After routine induction of anesthesia, all the patients were tracheally intubated, and mechanically ventilated.Anesthesia was maintained with sevoflurane inhalation and intermittent iv boluses of sufentanil and cisatracurium besylate, and bispectral index values were maintained at 45-60.After induction of anesthesia, dexmedetomidine was infused in a dose of 1 μg/kg over 15 min, followed by a continuous infusion of 0.6 μg · kg-1 · h-1 until 30 min before the end of surgery in group D.Group C received normal saline instead.Heart rate (HR) and mean arterial pressure (MAP) were recorded at the end of surgery, and at 1 min before and after extubation.The emergence time, extubation time, and occurrence of bucking during extubation, and nausea and vomiting, respiratory depression, and agitation during recovery from anesthesia were recorded.Results Compared with group C, MAP and HR were significantly decreased at 1 min before and after extubation, the emergence time and extubation time were shortened, the incidence of bucking, nausea and vomiting, and agitation was decreased, and no significant change was found in the incidence of respiratory depression in group D.Conclusion Dexmedetomidine infused in a dose of 1 μg/kg after routine induction of anesthesia, followed by a continuous infusion of 0.6 μg · kg-1 · h-1 until 30 min before the end of surgery, can significantly increase the quality of recovery from sevoflurane-based anesthesia in the patients undergoing abdominal surgery.

Objective To explore the effects of hammerhead ribozyme on the expression and activity of NHE 1 and pHi in pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) of rats and its role in PASMCs proliferation in vitro . Methods According to the secondary structure of NHE 1 mRNA in rats, NHE 1 specific hammerhead ribozyme was designed with the assistance of computer. The recombinant vector of retroviral plasmid pLXSN and hammerhead ribozyme, PRZ, was transfected into the cultured PASMCs. G418 resistant cell clones were screened with 100 ?g/ml G418. Then, the expression of NHE 1 mRNA was detected by RT PCR, intracellular pH(pHi) value and recovery rate of pHi after intracellular acid loading were measured by fluorescent probe BCECF. 22 Na uptake and 3H TdR incorporation were determined, respectively. Results Compared with the cells transfected with pLXSN and non transfected cells, NHE 1 mRNA, pHi value, pHi recovery rate, 22 Na uptake and 3H TdR incorporation decreased significantly in cells transfected with recombinant vector PRZ. No significance was found between the pLXSN transfected group and non transfected group. Conclusion Hammerhead ribozyme can cleave the target NHE 1 mRNA specifically, reduce the expression of NHE 1 mRNA, induce intracellular acidosis and consequently suppress the proliferation of PASMCs.

Objective·To investigate factors affecting the prognosis of aged esophageal cancer patients after esophagectomy.Methods·Clinical data of 103 aged patients (≥ 80 years old) undergoing esophageetomy were collected.Effects of age,sex,clinical manifestations,pre-operative diseases,post-operative complications,T stage,lymph node metastasis,maximum diameter and location of the tumor,and surgical methods on the post-operative survival were analyzed.Results·1,3,and 5 years survival rates of 103 patients were 63.2％,15.9％,and 2.7％,respectively.Kaplan-Meier survival curve analysis indicated that the post-operative survival was significantly higher in patients with T1 and T2 stages than in patients with T3 stage.The 3 and 5 y survival rates of patients with T 1 stage were 50％ and 25％,respectively.Results of Cox regression multivariate analysis showed that T stage,maximum diameter of tumor,postoperative complications,and lymph node metastasis were independent factors affecting the post-operative survival.Conclusion·Esophageal cancer patients aged over 80 years with smaller tumor diameters,less postoperative complications,and negative lymph node metastasis have a longer post-operative survival period.Esophagectomy for patients with earlier stages (T1 and T2) can achieve an ideal post-operative survival period.

AIM:To explore the effect of carbon monoxide (CO) on hypoxic proliferation of rat pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cell(PASMC). METHODS:Rats were randomly divided into four groups, including: (1)N:Normoxia group (21% O 2); (2)H:Hypoxia group (1% O 2); (3)CO+H:CO+hypoxia group (3% CO+1% O 2),tested by immunocytochemical analysis,[3H]-TdR incorporation and flow cytometry (FCM). RESULTS: (1)Flow cytometric DNA analysis revealed that hypoxia induced significantly enhancement of G 2/M phase and decreased G 0/G 1 phase of PASMC ( P