Objective: To prepare voriconazole long-circulation liposomes and evaluate the characteristics of pharmacokinetics in rats.Methods: Voriconazole long-circulation liposomes were prepared by a thin film dispersion extrusion method.The drug release of voriconazole from the long-circulation liposomes was investigated in phosphate buffer solution (PBS) and in rat plasma.The physicochemical properties of the long-circulation liposomes before and after the freeze-drying were studied, such as the particle diameter and the particle shape.The concentration of voriconazole in plasma was determined after tail-vein injection of the long-circulation liposomes in rats.Results: The mean particle size of voriconazole long-circulation liposomes was (192.1±49.3)nm with homogeneous small spherical morphology as seen under a transmission electron microscope.Voriconazole was released in a sustained manner in PBS while much faster in plasma from the long-circulation liposomes.The t1/2 and AUC0-t of the long-circulation liposomes was respectively 2.17 and 2.31 times higher than that of voriconazole injection.Conclusion: Long-circulation liposomes prolong the circulation time and increase the bioavailability of voriconazole.

Objective:To compare the properties of three kinds of denture base materials treated and untreated by hydraulic pressure cooker. Methods: The impact strength, flexural strength, flexural elastic modulus and color difference roughness of three denture base materials, Kunshan Rijin(KR),GC UNIFAST Trad(GC), Shanghai Zhangjiang(SZ), were measured in vitro. All results were statistically analyzed with SPSS software to have ANOVA and Tamhane's T2 tests, α=0.05. Results: Comparison of the same materials between the treated materials and the untreated materials by hydraulic pressure cooker: there were significant statistical differences of impact strength for all the materials. There were significant statistical differences of color difference for KR and SZ. Comparison of the three materials: impact strength, GC>SZ>KR;flexural strength, KR>SZ>GC;flexural elastic modulus, KR>SZ>GC;roughness, GC>KR>SZ. Conclusion: The properties of denture base materials treated by hydraulic pressure cooker are good.

AIM: To investigate the effect of paclitaxel on the quantitative growth of rabbit's vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs) and endothelial cells (ECs) and their relationship in vitro. METHODS: An ex vivo model of endothelium repair was developed in which rabbit's SMCs were inoculated in the upper chamber and rabbit's ECs in the lower chamber of a co-culture system. 3 H-TdR incorporation and cell counting were used to determine the effect of paclitaxel on the quantitative proliferation of rabbit's vascular ECs and SMCs. The migration rate was analyzed to determine the effect of paclitaxel on the migration of rabbit's vascular ECs and SMCs. The IC50 of paclitaxel on ECs and SMCs was calculated. RESULTS: The 3 H-TdR incorporation, cell counting and migration of rabbit's vascular SMCs were inhibited by paclitaxel of 1 nmol·L-1-1 μmol·L-1 in a concentration-dependent manner (n=6, P<0.01). The 3 H-TdR incorporation and cell counting of rabbit's vascular ECs were inhibited by paclitaxel of 10 nmol·L-1-1 μmol·L-1 and migration by paclitaxel of 1 nmol·L-1-1 μmol·L-1 in a concentration-dependent manner (n=6, P<0.01). The 3 H-TdR incorporation assay resulted in the IC50 of 10.09±0.47 nmol·L-1 on SMCs and 19.06±0.35 nmol·L-1 on ECs proliferation. The migration assay resulted in the IC50 of 9.16±0.54 nmol·L-1 on SMCs and 5.37±0.51 nmol·L-1 on ECs migration. Paclitaxel (10 nmol·L-1, 20 min) inhibited SMCs growth of the confluent ECs group during the observed period. However, increased SMCs growth was observed in the proliferative ECs group 10 days after paclitaxel intervention. CONCLUSION: Paclitaxel inhibits not only SMCs but also ECs growth in rabbit's vascular. The delayed SMCs proliferation is closely related with the delayed ECs regeneration induced by paclitaxel.

Objective To preliminarily explore the delineation of clinical target volume in intensity-modulated radiotherapy for para-aortic lymph node metastases in patients with gynecological malignancies.Methods A retrospective analysis was performed on 56 gynecological tumor patients with para-aortic lymph node metastases who were admitted to our department from January 2010 to September 2016.The number and distribution of metastatic para-aortic lymph nodes were determined by imaging method.Results A total of 108 positive para-aortic lymph nodes were found in the 56 patients,with 1-4(mean,2) positive para-aortic lymph nodes per patient.The mean diameter of positive para-aortic lymph nodes was 2.3 cm (1.2-4.0 cm).A total of 20 metastatic lymph nodes (19%) were located at the L4 level,38(35%) at the L3 level,44(41%) at the L2 level,and 6(5%) at the L1 level.There were 71 metastatic lymph nodes (66%) at the left side of the para-aortic region,20 metastatic lymph nodes (19%) between the abdominal aorta and the vena cava,and 17 metastatic lymph nodes (15%) at the right side of the inferior vena cava.Conclusions For patients with gynecological malignancies,nodal contouring for the para-aortic region should not be defined by a fixed circumferential margin around the vessels.The left side of the para-aortic region should be covered adequately;the upper target should be extended up to the renal artery,and needs to be further extended for patients who have nodal involvement near the renal arteries and veins.

Objective To investigate the feasibility of reducing spine metal artifacts with metal artifacts reduction technique (WARP) at 3.0 T MRI.Methods This study included 15 cervical and 14 lumbar spine cases.The image quality of WARP sequences and conventional sequences were compared (5 score evaluation scale) as well as the signal to noise ratio (SNR) and contrast noise ratio (CNR) of the image artifacts.The scanning time was recorded.Paired-t test and Mann-Whitney test were used respectively to compare the SNR and CNR,and qualitative scoring between the two sequences.P＜0.05 was considered to indicate a significant difference.Results The image distortion and blur of the WARP sequences were obviously reduced as compared to the conventional sequences.The SNR and CNR of artifacts of the WARP sequences were lower than that of the conventional sequences (All P＜0.05).The image quality scores of WARP sequences in cervical and lumbar spines[4(3 to 5) and 4(3 to 5)] were higher than that of conventional sequences[3(2 to 4),3(2 to 4)](P＜0.05).The scanning time of cervical spines in WARP sequence(14 min 9 s) was increased by 64 s (8.2％),and the time of lumbar spines (13 min 41 s) decreased by 9 s (1.1％).Conclusion The WARP sequences at 3.0 T could effectively reduce the artifacts of metallic prosthesis in cervical and lumbar spine without prolonging the scanning time at 3.0 T MRI.

Objective:To investigate the effect of Xanthium mongolicum Kitag. ethanol extract (EXM) on airway inflammation induced by house dust mite (HDM) in mice with allergic asthma, and to explore the possible mechanism. Methods:The mice were randomly divided into blank group, model group, positive control group and low, medium and high dose groups, with 6 mice in each group. The low, medium and high dose groups were intragastrically administered with 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg of EXM, and the positive control group was given 1.56 mg/kg salbutamol solution. Mice in the blank group and the model group were intragastrically administered with equal volume of solvent, once a day for 8 consecutive days. Except the blank group, the other groups were sensitized with HDM on the 3rd, 4th and 5th days after administration to establish asthma models. After administration, the number of eosinophils (EOS), total cells and various kinds of cells (neutrophils, macrophages, lymphocytes and EOS) in bronchial irrigation fluid (BALF) of mice were observed. The levels of serum IgE and inflammatory factors (IL-4, IL-5, IL-10 and IL-13) in BALF and lung tissue were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Pathological and inflammatory changes of bronchial smooth muscle in mice were observed by HE and PAS.Results:Compared with the model group, the number of EOS significantly decreased ( P<0.01 or P<0.05), the total cells count, macrophages, neutrophils, lymphocytes and EOS in BALF significantly decreased ( P<0.01), the content of IL-4 (142.59 ± 16.51 ng/L, 70.47 ± 20.63 ng/L vs. 212.18 ± 58.51 ng/L), IL-5 (57.49 ± 5.49 ng/L, 47.47 ± 6.30 ng/L vs. 72.65 ± 19.11 ng/L), IL-10 (98.51 ± 18.31 ng/L, 71.85 ± 9.15 ng/L vs. 120.16 ± 23.35 ng/L), IL-13 (85.81 ± 23.66 ng/L, 39.99 ± 17.37 ng/L vs. 149.07 ± 33.19 ng/L) in BALF significantly decreased ( P<0.05), and the content of IL-4 (154.55 ± 25.70 ng/L, 143.30 ± 22.19 ng/L vs. 214.68 ± 31.95 ng/L), IL-5 (87.49 ± 5.95 ng/L, 61.84 ± 8.14 ng/L vs. 97.65 ± 12.10 ng/L), IL-10 (91.28 ± 18.69 ng/L, 62.04 ± 9.39 ng/L vs. 117.80 ± 20.72 ng/L), IL-13 (196.48 ± 15.90 ng/L, 132.02 ± 6.86 ng/L vs. 238.42 ± 28.41 ng/L) in lung homogenate significantly decreased ( P<0.05), the serum IgE level in the high dose group significantly increased ( P<0.05). Conclusion:The Xanthium mongolicum Kitag. can inhibit allergic asthma induced by HDM, which may be through inhibiting the secretion of inflammatory cytokines by pulmonary macrophages.

Objective To investigate the role of NRAGE subcellular localization in the EMT and radioresistance of esophageal cancer cells.Methods EMT model cells were established by the treatment of TE13 cells with TGF-β1.To verify the establishment of EMT model and the phenotype of EMT-like TE13R120 cells,EMT marker mRNA and protein were detected by Real-time PCR and Western blot,respectively.Real-time PCR was also used to detect the expression of NRAGE mRNA in three groups.Total NRAGE protein,cytoplasm protein and nuclear protein were measured by Western blot.Results It was found that TGF-β1 could induce morphological alterations of TE13 cells from epithelial to mesenchymal and change the expressions of EMT maker E-cadherin and vimentin (t =13.56,-232.84,P ＜ 0.05),indicating the successful establishment of EMT model cells.Similar expression trends of EMT makers were observed in TE13R120cells (t=15.84,-54.54,P＜0.05).NRAGE mRNA (t=-8.73,-5.62,P＜ 0.05) and total protein in both EMT model cells and TE13R120 cells were higher than that in TE13 cells,especially for the nuclear proteins.However,no differences in NRAGE cytoplasm protein expression were found among the three groups.In addition,there were also no difference of NRAGE mRNA (t =-0.88,P ＞0.05),cytoplasm and nuclear protein between TE13R120 cells and EMT model cells.Conclusions The radioresistant cell line TE13R120 has the EMT-like phenotype that may cause cell radioresistance by changing the subcelluar localization of NRAGE.

Objective To evaluate the effect on threshold of triggered angiographic acquisition by different iodine flow rate on renal artery CTA using Smart Prep tracking technique.Methods A total of 420 patients were randomly divided into A-D group with iodine flow rate of 0.90 gI/s,1.11 gI/s,1.20 gI/s,1.48 gI/s on average respectively.And each group were divided 7 subgroups with threshold 140-＜150 HU,150-＜ 160 HU,160-＜ 170 HU,170 ＜180 HU,180 ＜190 HU,190-＜200 HU,200-210 HU respectively.The quality of the images were graded from 1 5 by 2 radiologists.The best image quality subgroups were achieved,and the scores were compared among the best image quality subgroups.Results Image quality of renal CTA in each group were best performed with a threshold of 170-＜ 190 HU,160-＜ 190 HU,170-＜ 180 HU,160-＜ 180 HU respectively.When the threshold were 170-＜180 HU,image quality were good with all iodine flow rate groups.There was no significant difference among the scores of the best image quality subgroups (all P＞0.05).Conclusion Different iodine flow rate with appropriate threshold can acquire better image quality of renal CTA.

Quality management of scientific research is a systematic work,quality control of multicenter nursing research depends on perfect and effective quality management system,measures and procedures,as well as rigorous scientific attitude in project team. To establish and improve quality management system of scientific research,to for-mulate standard quality control procedures,to promote the usage of electronic data acquisition system in multicenter nursing researches,and to improve scientific,standard,and refined quality management of research are effective mea-sures to guarantee quality control of multicenter nursing research. This paper summarized quality control methods for multicenter investigation,to provide more experience for nursing researchers as references.

We designed and applied the electronic data capture system (EDC) in order to strengthen the re-search quality and improve the efficiency of data collection of multi-center nursing research. According to the needs of research,we reasonably designed the EDC structure and functions,including data collection,verification, summary and export. Further improvement was performed after EDC was inputted into using. By using EDC,resear-chers from sub-centers completed the data collection smoothly,and the data quality met with research requirements. The design and application of EDC could effectively guarantee the data quality and improve the research efficiency.