Objective To investigate the risk factors that cause arterial blood lactate (Lac) elevation in patients after gastrointestinal operation.Methods The data of 216 patients who had undergone gastrointestinal operation, and transferred to intensive care unit (ICU) of Ningxia Medical University General Hospital from November 2013 to November 2014 were retrospectively analyzed.According to the initial level of blood Lac after operation,the patients were divided into two groups: high Lac group (Lac ＞ 2 mmol/L, n =100) and normal Lac group (Lac ≤ 2 mmol/L, n =116).The baseline data of two groups were recorded as follows: ① baseline data: gender, age, preoperative acute physiology and chronic health evaluation Ⅱ (APACHE Ⅱ) score, previous diseases, initial Lac level after operation;② preoperative risk factors: 24-hour total amount of fluid, and the amount of colloid for resuscitation;③ intraoperative risk factors: the proportion of emergency operation, operation time, site of operation, usage of antibacterial drug, the highest and lowest mean arterial pressure and its difference (MAPmax, MAPmin, A MAP),total amount of fluid and colloid for resuscitation.The risk factors of increasing Lac post gastrointestinal operation was evaluated using multiple linear regression analysis.Results ① There were no significant differences in baseline data such as gender, age, preoperative APACHE Ⅱ score and previous diseases between the two groups (all P ＞ 0.05).Initial Lac level in high Lac group was significantly higher than that of normal Lac group (mmol/L: 5.1 ± 3.6 vs.1.3 ±0.4,t =10.584,/P =0.000).② There were no significant differences in 24-hour amount of fluid and colloid for resuscitation before operation, and intraoperative MAPmax between two groups.Compared with normal Lac group, intraoperative A MAP [mmHg (1 mmHg =0.133 kPa): 35.8 ± 14.4 vs.28.7 ± 13.7, t =3.727, P =0.000], the proportion of emergency operations (19.0％ vs.9.5％, x 2 =9.869, P =0.007), intraoperative transfusion volume [mL: 4 500 (3 500, 5 800) vs.3 700 (2 812, 5 075), Z =-3.244, P =0.001], intraoperative colloid volume [mL: 1 000 (1 000, 1 900) vs.1 000 (1 000, 1 787), Z =-2.347, P =0.019], and operation time (minutes: 222.0±91.5 vs.187.0±75.9, t =3.026,P =0.003) in high Lac group were significantly increased, and the levels of intraoperative MAPmin (mmHg: 68.7 ± 11.6 vs.75.9± 10.6, t =-4.716, P =0.000) and intraoperative antibiotics usage (62.0％ vs.86.2％, x 2 =18.318, P =0.000)were significantly decreased.③The patients undergoing operation of esophagus, stomach, duodenal and intestine,and colon accounted for 6.9％, 22.7％, 16.7％, and 53.7％, respectively, their Lac was 2.8 (1.6, 5.4), 2.3 (1.2, 5.8),2.5 (1.5, 5.2), 1.7 (1.1, 2.9) mmol/L, respectively, indicating that surgical site had an influence on the occurrence of postoperative hyperlactacidemia (x 2 =11.032, P =0.012).④ It was showed by multiple linear regression analysis that the operation site (t =-2.725, P =0.007), MAPmin (t =-4.533, P =0.000), non-antibiotics usage during operation (t =2.441, P =0.016) were the risk factors of Lac increase in patients after gastrointestinal operation.⑤ The incidence of postoperative incipient procalcitonin (PCT) increase (PCT ＞ 0.5 μg/L) in patients and usage of antibiotics was significantly lower than that in patients who did not receive antibiotics during operation [17.89％ (17/95) vs.67.74％ (21/31), x 2 =27.572, P =0.000].Conclusions The surgical site showed an influence on the occurrence of hyperlactacidemia in patients after gastrointestinal operation, and the lowest occurrence rate was found in the colonic operation.In patients suffering from gastrointestinal operation, antibiotics should be routinely used to improve MAP.Excessive preoperative and intraoperative fluid infusion cannot reduce the occurrence of hyperlactacidemia.

Objective To evaluate the capability of virtual non-contrast (VNC)of the second-generation dual-source CT (DSCT), and to display the adipose tissue of gastric serosa.Methods 48 patients with gastric cancer undergoing preoperative DSCT and sur-gery were enrolled.The true non-contrast (TNC)values and VNC values of perigastric adipose tissue were measured and compared with conventional non-contrast scanning and VNC of arterial phase and venous phase.The VNC values of perigastric adipose tissue were compared between serosal involvement group and non-serosal involvement group.Results There was statistical difference be-tween TNC values and VNC values of perigastric adipose tissue (P <0.05),the absolute differences were under 13 HU.The differ-ence of VNC values between serosal involvement group and non-serosal involvement group was significant (P <0.05).Conclusion VNC of the second-generation DSCT can clearly display the adipose tissue of gastric serosa.It has certain capability in judging sero-sal involvement.VNC has the proficiency to replace conventional non-contrast scanning.

Ubiquitin-proteasome pathway is one of the primary pathway in intracellular protein degrada-tion,therefore the ubiquitin conjugating enzyme D3(UbE2D3)which involved in the ubiquitin mineralization process can affect the biological effects accordingly to affect some protein and nucleic acid content and activity. The function that participate in modification and degradation of some cancer factors is vital in tumor cells,and followed by tumor biological behavior changing. Researches show that UbE2D3 correlates with human telomer-ase reverse transcriptase( hTERT),radiation sensitivity,aggressive,etc in breast cancer.

Aim To investigate the expression and im-plication of HIF-1α, ROCK-2 , FoxM1 in PC12 cell in-jury induced by lead acetate. Methods PC12 cells were treated with lead acetate at the doses of 100 , 200 and 400 μmol·L-1 . The cell viability was determined by MTT reduction assay and LDH assay, the intracellu-lar production of oxygen species was measured by as-sessing SOD and MDA levels, cell apoptosis was deter-mined by Hoechst 33342 staining, the expressions of HIF-1α, ROCK-2 , FoxM1 , Bcl-2 and Bax were deter-mined by immunoblotting analysis. Results Lead ac-etate induced cell injury in PC12 cells in a dose-de-pendent manner, and it potentiated oxygen radical pro-duction and cell apoptosis. In addition, lead acetate enhanced HIF-1α and ROCK-2 expressions, increased Bax/Bcl-2 ratio and decreased FoxM1 expression. Conclusion Lead acetate can induce PC12 cell apop-tosis, which may be related with the expressions of HIF-1α, ROCK-2 and FoxM1 . Cellular oxidative stress may contribute to the injury as well.

Objective To evaluate the value of 99Tcm-MDP uptake by left femoral neck for diagnosing osteopomsis.Methods A total of 58 cases (23 males,35 females,mean age:(66.15±8.45) years) with spondyloarthmpathies from May to December of 2012 were selected.Serum concentrations of type Ⅰ collagen telopeptide (sCTX-1) and bone ALP (BALP) were determined.All patients underwent dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) to detect bone mineral density (BMD).According to the T scores,patients were divided into 2 groups:normal group (NG) (T＞-1.0) and osteoporosis group (OG) (T≤-2.5).99TcmMDP bone scan was further performed.The average radioactive ratio of the left femoral neck to the medial soft tissue of left femur (T/N) was measured.Data differences between the 2 groups were compared by twosample t test and Pearson correlation analysis.Results According to BMD,13 patients (7 males,6 females) were included in NG and 28 patients (10 males,18 females) were included in OG.The mean ages of OG and NG were significantly different ((68.82± 10.41) years vs (62.46± 11.77) years; t =3.560,P＜0.05).The BMD of left femoral neck in OG was significantly lower than that in NG ((0.67±0.08) g/cm2 vs (0.91±0.10) g/cm2 ; t=9.917,P＜0.01).Although BALP level of OG was significantly higher than that of NG ((35.92±11.58) U/L vs (22.38±6.34) U/L; t=-3.397,P＜0.05),no significant difference was observed on sCTX-1 between the 2 groups (t=-0.463,P＞0.05).T/N ratio of OG (11.63±6.22) was higher than that of NG (9.74±4.44) (t =-3.027,P＜ 0.05).There were significant correlations between the T/N ratio of the left femoral neck and the sCTX-1 and BALP concentrations (r=0.376,0.483,both P＜0.01).No correlations between the T/N ratio of the left femoral neck and age,BMI and BMD were observed (r=-2.031,-0.017,0.134,all P＞0.05).Conclusion The uptake ratio of the left femoral neck in 99Tcm-MDP bone scan could evaluate the metabolism of bone,and it is useful for the early diagnosis of osteoporosis.

Aim To investigate the role of HIF-1 αin PC1 2 cell injury induced by quinolinic acid.Methods PC1 2 cells were treated with quinolinic acid at the do-ses of 2.5,5 and 1 0 mmol·L -1 ,the cell viability was determined by MTT reduction assay and LDH as-say,the intracellular levels of oxygen species was measured by assessing SOD and MDA levels,cell ap-optosis was determined by Hoechst 33258 staining,the intracellular distribution of HIF-1 αwas examined by HIF-1 αimmunostaining,and the expressions of HIF-1 α,Akt,p-Akt,Bcl-2 and Bax were determined by im-munoblotting analysis.Results Quinolinic acid in-duced cell injury in PC1 2 cells in a dose-dependent manner,and potentiated oxygen radical production and cell apoptosis.In addition,quinolinic acid enhanced HIF-1 αexpression and accumulation in nuclei.The p-Akt expression and Bax/Bcl-2 ratio was increased by quinolinc acid in PC1 2 cells.Conclusions HIF-1 αand Akt mediate qunolinc acid-induced cell apoptosis in PC1 2 cells.And cellular oxidative stress may con-tribute to the injury as well.

Abnormalities, Drug-Induced ; etiology ; Abnormalities, Radiation-Induced ; etiology ; Antineoplastic Agents ; adverse effects ; Breast Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; therapy ; Contraindications ; Female ; Humans ; Mastectomy ; Neoplasm Staging ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Complications, Neoplastic ; diagnosis ; therapy ; Prognosis ; Radiotherapy ; adverse effects ; Risk Assessment ; Risk Factors ; Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy

OBJECTIVE To investigate whether quinolinic acid(QA)induces autophagy in PC12 cells and its relationship with glycogen synthase kinase-3β(GSK-3β)/β-catenin related signaling path?ways. METHODS PC12 cells were treated with QA 2.5,5.0 and 10.0 mmol·L-1 for 24 h. The cell viability was determined by MTT assay. Autophagy fluorescent spots labelled form of microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3(LC3)was examined by LC3 immunostaining. The expressions of GSK-3β,β-catenin,LC3 and Beclin 1 were determined by Western blotting. RESULTS QA inhibited PC12 cell survival in a concentration-dependent manner,and IC50 was 8.7 mmol · L- 1. Compared with normal control group,QA 2.5,5.0 and 10.0 mmol · L-1 increased autophagic intracellular LC3 fluorescence spots,elevated the expression ratio of LC3-Ⅱ/LC3-Ⅰ and expression of Beclin 1 in PC12 cells(P<0.05). In addition,QA enhanced GSK-3βexpression and decreasedβ-catenin expression(P<0.05,P<0.01). CONCLUSION QA induces autophagy in PC12 cells. This mechanism may be associated with the activation of GSK-3β/β-catenin related signaling pathways.

Objective To evaluate the effect of internet-based cognitive behavior therapy MoodGYM on adolescents and college students with depression symptoms through Meta-analysis. Methods Databases as Web of Science, PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, Chinese Biomedical Database, China National Knowledge Internet and Wanfang were searched from their establishment to January 2017 for collecting randomized controlled trails and clinical controlled trails about MoodGYM for adolescents and college students with depression symptoms. Two reviewers independently selected studies,extracted data and assessed risk of bias.RevMan 5.3 software was used to perform Meat-analysis. Results Seven studies involving 1 632 participants were included.The results of Meta-analysis showed that the score of depression, anxiety and negative automatic thoughts in MoodGYM arm was lower than control arm, the statistic results: standardized mean difference=-0.45, 95% CI-0.82--0.07, P=0.02;mean difference=-7.36,95% CI-11.88--2.85,P=0.001;mean difference=-18.06,95% CI-26.44--9.68, P<0.01, the difference between experiment arm and control arm was significant. Conclusions MoodGYM can contribute to improve depression, anxiety and negative automatic thought of adolescents and college students. This intervention should be further examined by high-quality, large-sample randomized controlled trails.

Objective: To understand the status of vision of Tibetan students aged 7-18 in China, and to provide the theoretical basis for prevention and controlling work of short-sightedness and making relevant policies. Methods: Cross-sectional survey method was applied to collect information of the eyesight of 2 418 Tibetan students and that of gender, age and work-and-rest habit of 1 910 students, and the status of eyesight of Tibetan students was analyzed, and Logistic regression analysis method was used to probe into the influencing factors of eyesight. Results: The mean left eye visual value was (4.75±0.33),and the median was 4.75(P25=4.5，P75=5.0). The mean right eye visual value was (4.74±0.33),and the median was 4.90(P25=4.5, P75=5.0). 1 520 students were detected with myopia, with the detection rate of 62.9%. The prevalence of myopia among Tibetan female students was higher than that of male (P<0.01). The detection rate of myopia was increased with age both in left and right eyes. Logistic regression model showed that students with insufficient physical education courses each week were associated with evaluated risk of myopia,compared with those with sufficient courses(OR=1.43, 95%CI=1.05-1.94, P<0.05). Conclusion The prevalence of myopia among Tibetan students aged 7-18 years old is rather high, and females are worse than males, senior students were worse than junior students. After controlling for factors like grade and gender, insufficient physical education courses at school is a risk factor of myopia.