Aphasia is one of the common neurological symptoms of stroke, which can seriously affect the social skills and self-care ability of patients, therefore it imposes a heavy burden on the family and society. In recent years, drug treatment of poststroke aphasia has received extensive attention. Some drugs that can affect monoamine, cholinergic and amino acid neurotransmitters have demonstrated a certain efficacy of poststroke aphasia. This article reviews the recent progress in research on drug treatment of poststroke aphasia.

Objective To summarize the key point of collaboration during the surgery of endoscopic guided vitrectomy for complicated ocular trauma.Methods From October 2010 to March 2013,a total of 25 cases(25 eyes) of complicated ocular trauma were treated by endoscopic guided vitrectomy.The the key point of collaboration was summarized.Results Surgeries of 25 cases (25 eyes) went smoothly,visual acuity improved,without enucleation cases.Postoperative complications were mainly secondary glaucoma and vitreous hemorrhage,and all were improved after treatment.Conclusions Endoscopic guided vitrectomy for the treatment of complicated ocular trauma is one of the effective means,and the advantage is that the surgery could be done when the refractive medium is opacity.

Objective To establish a standardized stroke aphasic depression questionnnaire hospital version (SADQ-H) in Chinese and to evaluate its reliability and validity in the application in patients with poststroke aphasia. Methods After acquiring the author's letter of attorney, we revised the English SADQ-H into Chinese version; the iupatients with poststroke aphasia who met the inclusion criteria were used as test group, and the patients without poststroke aphasia were used as control group; after evaluating the Aphasia Battery of Chinese (ABC), the test group was redivided into an auditory comprehension disorder group and a non-auditory comprehension disorder group; and all patients were assessed with SADQ-H by the trained health care workers.The patients in the non-auditory comprehension disorder group were evaluated by the Hamilton depression rating scale (HAMD) arid the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). SADQ-H was retested in some patients 1 week later. Results The reliability test showed that the retested reliability was 0. 840, and internal consistency reliability Cronbach's α coefficient was 0.78; the validity test showed that the criterion validities were 0.590 (HAMD as criterion) and 0.495 (BDI as criterion). The accumulated variance contribution rate from factors of construct validity was 77. 123%. The discriminant validity was 2.078. Conclusions The SADQ-H in Chinese has favorable reliability and validity, and it can be used as an effective tool in the assessment of depression in patients with poststroke aphasia in China.

Objective To investigate the status of social support and job satisfaction of community nurses and their relationship in Wuhan. Methods A total of 230 community nurses from 20 community health service centers in Wuhan were investigated by general information questionnaire, job satisfaction scale of community nurse and social support scale. Results The total score of job satisfaction was (96.14±14.76) points, the highest score of dimension was leadership and management (23.64±4.60) points, and the lowest was pay and welfare (10.83±3.00) points. The total score of social support was (37.17±7.05) points, the highest score of dimension was perceived social support (20.15 ± 4.48) points, the lowest was availability (8.05±1.57) points. There was a positive association between community nurses′social support and job satisfaction (r=0.248, P<0.05). Conclusions Social support is one of the predictors of job satisfaction. In order to make sure the sustainable development of community health services, it is necessary to know the status and take corresponding measures to improve the levels of social support and job satisfaction.

Writing behavior is affected by many factors and depends on the functional integrity of the nervous system. Its neuropsychological mechanism remains unknown. The agraphic features involving different parts of brain damage are dissimilar. The neuroanatomic location of agraphia and its possible brain mechanism are reviewed.

Objective To prospectively study the minimally invasive hematoma stereotactic aspiration and the recovery of neurological deficits after conservative medical treatment alone, as well as the incidence of post-stroke depression (PSD) in patients with intracerebral hemorrhage, so as to investigate the effect of minimally invasive hernatorna stereotactic aspiration on the recovery of neurological deficits and the incidence of PSD. Methods Fifty-five patients with intracerebral hemorrhage received minimally invasive hematoma stereotactic aspiration (n =25) and conservative medical treatment (n = 30), respectively. The neurological deficits of the patients were assessed by the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) at admission, day 14 and 90. The decreased values (all compared to baseline score) of the NIHSS scores were calculated at day 14 and 90, respectively; the modified Rankin Scale (mRS) was used to assess the disabled degree at day 90; the 17-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD) was used to assess the PDS status at day 14 and 90. The correlation between PSD and the degrees of neurological deficit and disability in patients was analyzed. Results The decreased value of the NIHSS score in the stereotactic group at day 14 and 90 was significantly higher than that in the conservative treatment group (all P ＜0. 05), and the value of the mRS score was significantly lover than that in the conservative treatment group at day90 (P＜0. 05). The incidence and the total incidence of PSD in the stereotactic group at day 90 were significantly lover than those in the conservative treatment group (all P ＜0.05). There were significant positive correlation between HAMD and NIHSS scores and HAMD and mRS scores. Conclusions The recovery of neurological deficits was faster after the minimally invasive hematoma stereotactic aspiration. The degree of disability in patients was lower, and the incidence of PSD was also lower than that in the conservative treatment group. PSD was closely correlated with the degrees of neurological deficits and disability.

Objective To investigate whether fluoxetine has therapeutic effect of clinical score and brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) expression in serum of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE)model. Methods Rats were randomly divided into solvent control group (n=6) ,model control group ( n= 10)and fluoxetine group ( n= 10). The EAE model was prepared by injecting guinea pig spinal cord homogenate subcutaneously. The clinical score was daily measured according to the sign and symptoms of rats in the behavior examination. The serum BDNF level was measured by EL1SA. Results 1. Except for the solvent control group,the first sign of EAE(Piloerection) was detected on 4th day after immunization of rats from both model control group and fluoxetine group,then EAE rats had distal tail weakness on 8th day, and gradually developed into completely tail paralysis and limb paralysis. EAE rats' clinical score reached the peak on 16th day after immunization. 2. The clinical score of fluoxetine group became scientifically lower than model group since 18th day after immunization ( Fluoxetine group :3.27 ± 0. 33; Model control group :4.66 ± 0. 55, P ＜ 0. 05 ). 3. Compared with the model control group,fluoxetine did not significantly increase the expression of serum BDNF in EAE model ( Fluoxetine group:62.27 ± 0.43; Model control group :61.67 ± 0.85, P ＞ 0.05 ). Conclusion Fluoxetine reduced the clinical score of EAE since 18th day after immunization,which indicates fluoxetine could promote the recovery of neurological function in EAE rats. BDNF may not contribute to protective effect of fluoxetine in EAE animal.

Objective To research the neural substracts for the processing of the discourse-level English writing using PET-CT.Method Six healthy people underwent 18F-FDG PET examination in the pseudo-writing condition and the discourse-level English writing condition.statistical parametric mapping(SPM)was used to investigate the activicated focus in english writing thruugh pared-t test.Results The activated foci were observed in left inferior parietal lobule,left postcentral gyrus,left cingulate gyrus,left putamen,fight frontal precentral gyrus,right superior frontal gyrus,right thalamus medial dorsal nucleus,both cerebellum(P＜0.05).Conclusions The writing of English as a second language implicates conical and subcortical structures.Left inferior parietal lobule,right frontal and both cerebellum participate in the language production and processes,and left putamen is more engaged in English learning.

Language is an unique complex psychological activity of human beings.Language barrier is a decline of effective activities and interactions in supporting the cognitive process of language behavior.Cognitive function is affected to a certain degree in patients with post-stroke aphasia.Therefore,accurately identifying these cognitive impairments contribute to the treatment and rehabilitation of the patients with aphasia.The assessment of the severity of cognitive impairment needs to use the cognitive assessment scales.This article reviews the cognitive assessment scales that are applicable for patients with post-stroke aphasia.

The development of primary or acquired taxane resistance inevitably becomes to be the main problem.Ixabepilone is effective in metastatic breast cancer (MBC) patients including those heavily pretreated or resistant to taxanes.Eribulin has been used for the treatment of MBC patients who have received at least two prior chemotherapy regimens.New microtubule-targeting agents are promising to be effective options for patients progressing after standard taxane-containing chemotherapy.