AIM:To investigate the mechanisms of Myospalax fontanieri bone extracts for macrophages activation. METHODS: Complete Freund's adjuvant was used to induce mouse celiac macrophage activation by ip,then peritoneal exudate cells were cultured in vitro in the present of LPS and IFN-?,concentrations of IL-1?,IL-6,IL-12p40,and TNF-? were by ELISA measurement and the MAC-1 cell proportion was determined by FACS Calibur. RESULTS: Myospalax fontanieri bone had immunosuppressive effect on mouse celiac macrophages,and markedly decreased production of inflammatory Cytokine. CONCLUSION: Inhibition of inflammatory factor may be the mechanism of action for rheumatoid arthritis.

The lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2), a subtype of the phospholipase A2 superfamily, is produced primarily by macrophages and lymphocytes. Lp-PLA2specifically hydrolyzes oxidized phospholipids on oxidized low-density lipoprotein particles,resulting in production of lysophosphatidylcholine and oxidized fatty acids. Lp-PLA2 is expressed in atherosclerotic plaques and in macrophages within a fibrous cap of unstable plaque.Studies haw shown that the plasma Lp-PLA2 activity increases significantly in patients with ischemic stroke, and Lp-PLA2 may become an independent risk factor for predicting ischemic cerebrovascular events. The selective Lp-PLA2 inhibitor can reduce the inflammatory response,enhance the stability of plaques, and inhibit the formation of atherosclerotic plaques, and may become a new class of drugs for preventing the formation of atherosclerotic plaques.

BACKGROUND: A large amount of studies have demonstrated that stem cells in the heart of mammal participate in heart self-renewal and endogenous repair.OBJECTIVE: To summarize the source, classification, features of cardiac stem cells and application in heart disease. METHODS: A computer-based online search of PubMed database was performed for articles published between January 2000 and December 2010 related to the source, classification, features of cardiac stem cells and its effects on myocardial regeneration with key words cardiac stem cell. Clinical studies and basic studies were all included. Repetitive studies and Meta analysis were excluded. Finally, 32 articles were included.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Cardiac stem cell is a type of stem cells in the heart, with properties of self-renewal and cloning proliferation. It can differentiate into cardiomyocyte and endothelial cell and plays a role in heart injury repair to improve heart function. Cardiac stem cells have been in vitro isolated, cultured and amplified to transplant into animal heart, which lays a foundation for clinical application. However, some questions remain poorly understood as to the homeostasis and dynamic changes, processes involved in their differentiation into heart functioning cells, as well as influential factors and regulation.

Objective To observe the changes of endothelin and 6 Keto PGF 1? of patients with pulmonary heart disease and effects of Compound Danshen,to study the role of ET 6 Keto PGF 1? in pulmonary heart disease and pulmonary artery hypertension,and explore a safe and effective drug for pulmonary artery hypertension Methods 40 patients with CPHD and 30 patients with COPD as well as 20 healthy persons as control whose levels of plasma ET and 6 Keto PGF 1? were measured by radioimmunization,meanwhile,PaO 2 was measured by blood gas analyze instrument Results The level of ET in CPHD was higher than that in COPD and healthy group,company with the lower level of 6 Keto PGF 1? After treatment with Compound Danshen,the level of ET was reduced and 6 Keto PGF 1? was elevated Conclusions The balance between ET and PGI is important in modulating pulmonary circulation Compound Danshen can reduce pulmonary artery tension through protecting endothelium,decreasing ET,and increasing PGI 2

Objective: To investigate the detection ability of two reagents by automated coagulation analyzer ACL-TOP using immune turbidimetric method, and to determine the merits and demerits of them. Methods:Two reagents were compared in the study. We selected 532 cases of hospitalized patients in Anzhen Hospital, 388 cases of which were unstable angina, 60 cases were pulmonary thromboembolism, 70 cases were coronary atherosclerosis, 14 cases were abdominal aneurysm, and the rest were the patients with high blood pressure and coronary heart disease. The plasmas of all the patients were extracted, and D-dimer was detected on ACL-TOP by D-Dimer (referred to as reagent A) and D-DHS (referred to as reagent B). Results:The results of D-dimer increased in different degrees, and there are 88 cases of false positive cases. The case whose FDP and individual D-dimer of D-dimer simultaneous detection was elevating and clinical symptoms were disappeared was detected by the VIDAS instrument platform verification. There were significant differences between A and B. The detection result of reagent A was [1594.15±2286.18], and reagent B was [912.97±1814.06]. There were significant differences between them (t=3.654, P<0.05). In addition, the consistency of the two reagents was poor (r=0.419, P<0.05). Conclusion:Comparing two reagents to detect D-dimer quantitatively by automated coagulation analyzer ACL-TOP, D-DHS owns greater ability to exclude false-positive results, so does the ability of anti-interference with jaundice, hemolysis and chylemia.

BACKGROUND:The appearance of biodigradable stents brings a new dawn for the fourth coronary intervention revolution. They not only can solve the problem of postoperative acute occlusion of blood vessels, but also can be completely absorbed after a certain time.
OBJECTIVE: To summarize the application status of biodegradable coronary stents.
METHODS:PubMed, CBM and embase were searched for articles related to biodegradable intravascular stents.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Biodegradable polymer stents, biodegradable magnesium stents and biodegradable iron stents are currently the three major research biodegradable stent systems. Numerous clinical trials have demonstrated the long-term safety and reliability of the biological degradation stents, and in the near future they wil replace the existing drug-eluting stents as the primary means of percutaneous coronary intervention. Biodegradable stents currently stil have their limitations, which are reflected in the relationship between mechanical properties and degradation rate and cannot be applied to complicated coronary patients temporarily. It takes 6-12 months to restore normal physiological function of blood vessels, and it can be considered reasonable that degradation of stents is completed in 12-24 months. Poly(lactic-co-glycolic) produced by polylactic acid and polyglycolic acid is currently widely recognized as the stent’s framework. We can get a more appropriate balance between the mechanical properties of the stent and the degradation rate by adjusting the ratio of polylactic acid and polyglycolic acid. This stent not only has good mechanical properties, but also can be completely biodegradable after the restoration of normal function of blood vessels, which has a broad research space.

Objective:To measure serum levels of salusins and catestatin and analyze their correlation in patients with essential hypertension (EH) .Methods :A total of 90 EH patients were selected as hypertension group .According to blood pressure level ,they were further divided into hypertension stage 1 group (n=31) ,hypertension stage 2 group (n=30) and hypertension stage 3 group (n=29) .Another 40 normotensive subjects undergoing physical examina‐tion were selected as normal control group .Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to measure ser‐um levels of salusins and catestatin , and the correlation between serum levels of salusins and catestatin was analyzed . Results :Compared with normal control group ,there were significant reductions in serum levels of salusins [ (3.01 ± 0.66) ng/ml vs .(1.44 ± 0.42) ng/ml ,(1.35 ± 0.89) ng/ml ,(1.41 ± 0.32) ng/ml] and catestatin [(132.24 ± 7.55) ng/ml vs .(89.22 ± 6.12) ng/ml vs .(82.51 ± 8.37) ng/ml ,(83.34 ± 4.47) ng/ml] in hypertension stage 1 ,stage 2 and stage 3 group , P<0.01 all;compared with stage 1 group ,there were significant reductions in serum catestatin levels in stage 2 and stage 3 group (P<0.01 both) ,but there were no significant difference in serum salusins level a‐mong three groups of hypertension ( P>0.05 all) .Pearson correlation analysis indicated that serum salusins level had no correlation with catestatin level ( r=0.363 , P>0.05) in normal control group ,while serum salusins level was significant positively correlated with catestatin level (r=0.723 ,P<0.01) in hypertension group .Conclusion:Serum levels of salusins and catestatin significantly reduce and they is positive correlation in patients with hyperten‐sion .Along with blood pressure level rises ,serum catestatin level reduces .

Objective To evaluate the effect of SYNTAX score in the emergency revascularization strategy selection in ST‐segment elevation myocardial infarction patients with multi‐vessel disease(MVD) and to analyze the patient′s prognosis and influen‐cing factors .Methods A total of 144 patients with STEMI complicating MVD verified by coronary arterial angiography in the Xin‐qiao Hospital of Third Military Medical University from August 2010 to March 2012 were collected and divided into the once com‐plete revascularization group (CR group) ,staged complete revascularization group (SR group) and incomplete revascularization group (IR group) according to different emergency PCI strategies .The basic clinical conditions and coronary arterial SYNTAX score were recorded .The occurrence rate of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACCE) during 12 months follow up period was performed the statistics .The results of coronary arterial angiography were collected .The effect of different strategy on prognosis and the risk factors affecting prognosis were analyzed .Results There was no statistically significant difference in the all‐cause mor‐tality between the IR group with the CR and SR groups (P>0 .05) ,while the cerebrovascular event ,repeat revascularization during hospitalization ,AMI and total MACCE occurrence rate had statistical difference between the IR group with the CR and SR groups (P<0 .05) .The main influence factors of MACCE were complicating diabetes mellitus ,type C lesions ,SYNTAX score ,D‐B time , myocardial infarction area ,TIMI score in PCI ,no reflow existence and cardiac shock (P<0 .05) .According to the SYNTAX score , the occurrence rate of MACCE in mild or severe lesions had no statistical difference among 3 groups(P> 0 .05) ,while which in moderate lesion had statistical difference among 3 groups(P<0 .05) ,the CR group had the highest occurrence rate of MACCE . Conclusion For the patients with STEMI complicating MVD ,the SYNTAX score can be used as the evidence for selecting reperfu‐sion strategies and applied in emergency PCI .

ObjectiveTo observe the changes of expression of aquaporin-1(AQP-1)and AQP-4 in drowned and postmortem immersed rats’lungs.MethodsThirty healthy male Wistar rats were randomly divided into drowning group, postmortem immersion group and cervical dislocation group. The morpho-logical changes of rats’lungs were observed using HE staining. The mRNA and protein expressions of AQP-1 and AQP-4 in rats’lungs were detected by real-time PCR, immunohistochemistry and Western blotting, respectively.ResultsThe results of immunohistochemistry and the Western blotting showed that the protein expression of AQP-1 of the drowning group was higher than the postmortem immersion group and the cervical dislocation group(P<0.05). The result of immunohistochemistry showed that the protein expression of AQP-4 of the drowning group was higher than the postmortem immersion group and the cervical dislocation group(P<0.05)while no difference were detected among the three of them by Western blotting(P>0.05). The mRNA expressions of AQP-1 and AQP-4 in rats’lungs of the drown-ing group was significantly higher than the postmortem immersion group(P<0.05).ConclusionThe in-crease of mRNA and protein expressions of AQP-1 and AQP-4 in lungs of rats with cute lung injury of the drowning group would be useful for differentiating vital drowning from postmortem immersion.

Objective:To explore changes of plasma levels of catestatin (CST)and brain natriuretic peptide (BNP)in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF)and their correlation.Methods:A total of 60 CHF patients treated in our department of cardiology from Jun 2014 to Dec 2014 were enrolled as CHF group,another 60 healthy subjects un- dergoing physical examination were regarded as normal control group.Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay was used to measure plasma levels of CST and BNP in two groups,then the results were compared.Linear correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation between plasma levels of CST and BNP.Results:Compared with normal control group,there were significant rise in plasma levels of CST [(0.40±0.15)ng/L vs.(0.88±0.34)ng/L]and BNP [(30.84±12.56)ng/L vs.(678.21±120.35)ng/L]in CHF group,P<0.01 both.Linear correlation analysis indi- cated that plasma CST level was significant positively correlated with BNP level (r=0.38,P<0.05).Conclusion:Catestatin level is significant positively correlated with the most sensitive cardiac function index—brain natriuretic peptide level,suggesting that it could be used as a new biochemical marker diagnosing or excluding heart failure.