BACKGROUND:The long-term contraction of skeletal muscle can lead to the decrease of resting potential, affect its contraction, and result in the occurrence of fatigue. Whether acupuncture and injury-free magnetic lifting needle are effective on the recovery of resting potential? OBJECTIVE: To observe and compare the influence on the recovery of resting potential of skeletal muscle by taking acupuncture and magnetic needle as the recovery means.DESIGN: A controlled study.SETTINGS: College of Physical Education, Shanxi Normal University;Binzhou College of Shandong Province.MATERIALS: Thirty experimental toads, which were provided by Beijing University of Physical Education, were randomly divided into acupuncture group (n=10), magnetic needle group (n=10), magnetic needle+pressing group (n=10). Left and right semitendinosus muscles were taken as controls.METHODS: The in vitro toad's semitendinosus muscles (experimental side and control side) were treated with electrostimulation for 40 minutes,and then the resting potential of skeletal muscular cells were measured with the intracellular glass microelectrode technique. After the electrostimulation, filiform needle acupuncture, magnetic needle, magnetic needle plus pressing were also given.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The resting potentials were observed before exercise, after electrostimulation and other treatments in the groups.RESULTS: ① The resting potentials of skeletal muscular cells after electrostimulation were decreased as compared with those before electrostimulation [experimental side: (59.48±7.37), (84.54±5.72) mV; control side:(59.43±7.14), (83.62±5.86) mV]. ② After the treatments of acupuncture,magnetic lifting needle, magnetic lifting needle plus pressing, the decreased resting potentials after electrostimulation were obviously recovered (P ＜ 0.01). ③ The recovered percentage of resting potential in the magnetic needle group was obviously smaller than those in the acupuncture group and magnetic needle+pressing group [(42.50±12.41)%, (53.71±10.93)%,(49.10±8.39)%, P ＜ 0. 01].CONCLUSION: Acupuncture, magnetic lifting needle, magnetic lifting needle plus pressing plays a role in promoting the recovery of resting potential of skeletal muscular cells after long-term electrostimulation, and the effect of simple magnetic needle is smaller than that of acupuncture and magnetic needle plus pressing.

Objective To construct miR-223 knockdown lentivirus vector and provide a tool for further study of the function of miR-223. Methods According to the Invitrogen miR-RNAi online design tool, a pair of complementary oligo?nucleotides encoding miR-223 mature sequence was designed, annealed and ligated with pcDNA6.2-GW/EmGFP-miR vec?tor. Then miR-RNAi expression cassette was cut and subcloned into lentiviral pCDH-CMV-MCS-EF1-copGFP vector. The lentiviruses were packaged and titered, and then ST2 cells were infected with viruses. The efficiency of infection was calcu?lated, and the knockdown of endogenous miR-223 was detected by using real-time RT-PCR. Results Restriction enzyme digestion and sequencing results showed that miR-223 lentivirus construct was successfully made. Lentivirus that knock?down miR-223 expression packaged and infected of target cells. The expression of GFP green fluorescent protein accounted for 80%-90%and the virus titer was 1×109 PFU/mL. The infection efficiency reached 90%. Compared with negative control virus, miR-223 knockdown lentivirus significantly down-regulated the expression of miR-223 in ST2, and was 31%(n=3, t=15.091, P<0.05). Conclusion miR-223 knockdown lentivirus is successfully made. It provides a tool for further studying the function of miR-223.

Objective To observe the effect of ischemic postconditioning on neuron structure plasticity and memory after global cerebral ischemia injury in rats and discuss the protection mechanism from aspect of Morphology. Methods A total of 36 SD male rats were randomly divided into sham operation group, global cerebral ischemia for 15 min group and global cerebral ischemia plus postconditioning group, 12 rats per group. The pullsinelli 4 vessel occlusion was applied to produce the models of global cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury, common carotid arteries (CCA) occlusion with 15 min and postconditioning with three cycles, of 15 sec release and 15 sec occlusion (15s/15s). Six rats from each group were evaluated by Morris Maze test for the ability of space learning and memory and the other six rats were evaluated by golgi stain for morphologic change of neuron. Results The ischemic postcondtioning group showed significant shorter mean escape latency compared with the sham operated group ( at day 3, P =0. 014; at day 4, P =0.040; at day 5, P =0.001 ). The density of dendritic spine in ischemic postcondtioning group was increased more significantly compared with ischemic group ( F = 562. 820,P ＜ 0. 01 ). Conclusion Ischemic postconditioning has obvious protective effect on cerebral ischemiainduced memory impairment, which may be related to alleviation of dendritic spine injury.

Objective To study a series of tests to the IMRT planning system RayStation,and verify the feasibility of this Standard.Referring to the standard Performance and test methods for intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) treatment planning system (Standard).Methods Referring to the Standard,the tests include:dose goals used for planning,point dose calculation accuracy and dose distribution calculation accuracy.And test phantoms include:AAPM TG119 report's test cases and solid water phantom for verification,and IMRT test cases include:multitarget,mock prostate,head/neck and CTshape (easier version and harder version) and so on.Referring to the Standard,we optimize and calculate doses of interest in RayStation,and use the common measurement equipments and tools,such as an ionization chamber,films,a detector array,and etc,to measure the doses on the accelerator,then calculate and analyze the errors between them.Results The results of dose goals for five different mock plans meet the requirements of the Standard.And the point dose ionization chamber measurements are in line with the requirements of the Standard,and the total error of the mock plans was (0.83 ± 1.65) ％.The γpass rates of per-field measurements using detector array are all greater than 99.0％,and the γpass rates of composite film measurements are all greater than 92.5％.Conclusions The results of three trials to IMRT performance of RayStation are in full compliance with the requirements of the Standard.And also it is an evidence for the feasibility of this Standard.

ObjectiveTo identify the association of HLA-DQA1*0302 and DQB1*0303 alleles with vitiligo in Uygur nationality in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region. MethodsPolymerase chain reaction with sequence-specific primers(PCR-SSP) was performed to analyze the distribution of HLA-DQA1*0302 and HLA-DQB1*0303 alleles among 300 patients with vitiligo and 300 normal human controls of Uygur nationality in Xinjiang region. ResultsA significant increase was observed in the frequency of HLA-DQA1*0302 and -DQB1*0303 alleles in patients with vitiligo compared with the controls(20.5％ vs. 13.83％, 30.17％ vs. 13.33％, both P ＜ 0.01 ). Increased frequency of HLA-DQA1*0302 and -DQB1*0303 alleles was also seen in patients with adult vitiligo (onset age ＞ 12 years) and those with childhood vitiligo (onset age ≤≤ 12 years) ascompared with the normal controls(both P ＜ 0.01). The frequency of DQB1*0303 allele was higher in both patients with and without family history of vitiligo than in the normal controls(both P ＜ 0.01), while that of DQA 1*0302 was higher in only patients without family history (P ＜ 0.01 ). No significant difference was observed in the frequency of HLA-DQA 1*0302 or HLA-DQB1*0303 between patients with adult vitiligo and those with childhood vitiligo or between patients with and without family history(all P ＞ 0.05). Conclusions HLADQA 1*0302 and DQB 1*0303 alleles may be associated with vitiligo in Uygur nationality in Xinjiang region,and there seems to be genetic heterogeneity between patients with adult and childhood vitiligo and between vitiligo patients with and without family history.

Objective To investigate the correlation between the degree of pathogenetic condition and cogni-tive impairment in young OSAHS patients. Methods Sixty-three patients (18～44 years old) were divided into 3 groups according to the assessment criteria regarding the degrees of pathogenetic conditions of hypoxemia and its persistence time: mild group(the lowest SaO2 ≥ 85 %, n = 20 ), moderate group (the lowest SaO2 : 65 ～ 84 %, n =24), and severe group (the lowest SAO2<65%, n= 19). Twenty-five healthy young adults were selected as the control group. All the subjects were tested with event-related potential, namely P300, the polysomnogram and the mini-mental state examination scale(MMSE). Results P300 latency in patients of three OSAHS groups was sig-nificantly prolonged as 326.1±12.7, 346.9±19.1, and 34.9±18.3 ms, as compared with those of control group: 311.9±18.3 ms (P< 0.05, respectively). In severe group, P300 latency was markedly increased compared with mild and moderate groups(P<0.01, P<0.05, respectively). No obvious differences were observed between mild and moderate groups(P=0. 095). The difference of hypoxemia lasting time could influence the P300 latency, such as when the hypoxemia lasting time was 4～60 seconds, the latency was 338. 12±13.7 ms, and when the hypoxemia lasting time increased to 60 ～ 140 s, the latency was prolonged to 354.74±16.7 ms(P = 0. 031 ). There was no difference among all groups in the P300 amplitudes. The MMSE scores for all patients were within normal limits andthere were differences between serve and control group(RA -RB=9. 91, P= 0. 003). Conclusion Among patients with OS-AHS, the impairment of cognitive function is con'anon. The degrees of pathogenetic conditions of hypoxemia and its lasting time may be used to evaluate the impairment degree of cognitive function in patients with OSAHS.

AIM:Nitroxyl ( HNO) increases myofilament Ca 2+responsiveness relative to increases in intracel-lular Ca2+in cardiac muscle.In this study, we further investigated this effect of HNO on trabecular muscles from phospho-lamban knockout ( PLB-KO) and wide-type ( WT ) mice using a novel HNO donor , 1-nitrosocyclohexyl acetate ( NCA ) . METHODS:Trabecular muscles were dissected from the right ventricles of the rat hearts and mounted between a force transducer and a motor arm.The muscles were superfused with K-H solution (pH 7.4) at room temperature.Fura-2 was loaded into the trabecular muscles via electrophoresis .The length of the sarcomere was set to 2.2~2.3μm.During stead-y-state activations, the maximal Ca2+-activated force and Ca2+required for 50% activation were measured.RESULTS:The intracellular Ca 2+transients and force of the PLB-KO muscles at baseline were higher than those of the WT muscles and exhibited a negative force-frequency relationship (FFR).NCA (2.5μmol/L) increased systolic force in both PLB-KO group and WT group at any given [Ca2+]o.However, there was more dramatic increase in the force development due to moderate increases in the intracellular Ca 2+transients in the WT muscles when external Ca 2+increased from 1.5 to 4.5 mmol/L under NCA.NCA did not affect the negative FFR in PLB-KO muscle.Steady-state force-Ca2+relations obtained from skinned muscles were not different between the 2 groups, while NCA increased Ca2+responsiveness in skinned mus-cles from both PLB-KO and WT mice.CONCLUSION:HNO increases force development in both PLB-KO and WT mus-cles as a result of increases in myofilament Ca 2+responsiveness .The increased intracellular Ca 2+transients are accompa-nied by greater force development in WT mice , suggesting that HNO improves Ca 2+activation and establishes HNO as a positive inotropic agent with novel mechanisms .

Objective To establish characteristic spectrum of ginsenosides in Panax quinquefolium from Liuba. Methods Using C_(18) solid phase-extraction cartridges, main ginsenosides from 40% ethanol extracts of P. quinquefolium were purified. Then the samples were analyzed by HPLC-EMS. Results(From the) total ion spectrum of P. quinquefolium, 3 stronger peaks were selected. Based on them, characteristic corresponding spectrum of ginsenosides in P. quinquefolium from Liuba was established. Conclusion This method has reliable reproducibility and precision. Its simple pretreatment, easily operation, and rapidly analytic procedure show that this method is suitable for identifying P. quinquefolium.

Objective To study the effects and the mechanism of the ethanol extract of Blueberry(BE) on relaxation vascular endothelium or smooth muscle.Methods To use rat aorta as the specimen,to observe the effects of BE on induced relaxation of the phenylephrine-precontracted aorta.and approach the mechanism on vascular endothelium or smooth muscle.Results BE induced relaxation of the phenylephrine-precontracted(1.0×10~(-5)mol·L~(-1) aorta in a dose-dependent way(P<0.01),which was disappeared by removal of functional endothelium(P<0.01).Pretreatment of the aortic tissues with NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester(L-NAME),methylene blue,or 1H[1,2,4]-oxadiazole-[4,3_a]-quinoxalin-1-one (ODQ) inhibited the vascular relaxation induced by BE(P<0.01).BE-induced vascular relaxations were also markedly attenuated by addition of verapamil or diltiazem,while the relaxant effect of BE was not blocked by pretreatment with indomethacine,glibenclamide,tetraethylammonium(TEA),atropine,propranolol(P<0.01).Conclusion These results suggest that BE dilates vascular smooth muscle via endothelium-dependent nitricoxide-cGMP signaling pathway,possible involvement of L-type Ca~(2+) channel.

Objective To probe into the reasons for and results of remedial surgical therapy in thoracic aortic dissection patients after first endovascalar repair.Methods From July 2000 to December 2012,12 cases received second interventional surgery.The average time from second therapy to first surgery was ( 14 ± 11 ) months.Main reasons for second endovascular therapy were sustained type Ⅰ endoleak at proximal landing zone and type A dissection caused by retrograde tear.Therapies included hybrid operations in 8 cases and absnlute endovascular therapy in 4 cases.Results The 30 day mortality after the second intervention was 5.6％ ( 1/12),total mortality rate was 16.7％ (2/12).In 7 cases with endoleak,small endoleak remained after remedial therapy (57.1％ ) in 4 cases.Among 4 cases with secondary type A aortic dissection,successful staged hybrid operation with mid-sternal thoracotomy was adopted in 3 cases,one died of pulmonary emtbolism during follow-up period,1 case with Bebcet disease still had proximal type Ⅰ endoleak after second hybrid operation,and died from tear of aorta.Conclusions Endoleak and secondary type A aortic dissection are the main cause necessitating second intervention after primary endovascular therapy for thoracic aortic dissection.Hybrid operation remains the best choice to treat postoperative complications after endovascular therapy for thoracic aortic dissection.