Studies in recent years have demonstrated that there is close relationship between estrogen and aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. Estrogen affects the occurrence and development process of intracranial aneurysm through multiple pathways, thereby reducing the incidence of aneurysm rupture. Estrogen also alleviates vasospasm after subarachnoid hemorrhage.Identifying the effects and their mechanisms of estrogen on aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage may find a new drug target to prevent the occurrence of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage and the secondary injury.

Both of "Medical Microbiology"and "Medical Immunology"are two important basic and required medical courses for college students.There is something worth discussing in some respects,including the composing of teaching materials,designing of curriculum,key points of teaching and practical application.It's necessary to deal with the relationships well between the teaching effects and the issues such as arrangements of class period,selection of teaching material and the design of teaching.Particularly,we should emphasize close connection between the basic and clinical course.

Objective:To establish an HPLC method for the determination of methoxsalen and dexamethasone acetate in compound methoxsalen lotions. Methods:An HPLC method was used. The determination was performed on a Sunfire C18 (250 mm × 4. 6 mm,5μm ) column with the mobile phase of acetonitrile-water ( 60∶40 ) at the flow rate of 1. 0 ml·min-1 . The column temperature was kept at 30℃, the detection wavelength was set at 240nm and the injection volume was 20μl. Results:Methoxsalen and dexamethasone acetate showed good linear relationship within the range of 12.71-101.68 mg·L-1(r=0.999 9) and 10.03-80.25 mg·L-1(r=0. 999 7) with the average recovery of 99. 32%(RSD=0. 11%, n=9 ) and 99. 63%(RSD=0. 20%,n=9) , respectively. Conclu-sion:The method is simple, accurate and repeatable, and suitable for the determination of methoxsalen and dexamethasone acetate in compound methoxsalen lotions.

[Objective]To explore the effects of invigorating the kidney,promoting qi and activating blood method in repairing articular cartilage defects in rabbits with chodrocytes induced by bone marrow matrix stem cell.[Method]The complexes from seeding of chondrocytes and allograft chondrocytes encapsulated in collagen gel and cultured in Guyanding drug serum into CPPf/PLLA scaffolds were cultured in vitro for 3 weeks. Some complexes were observed with the phase-contrast microscope or scanning electron microscope and others were allotransplanted into articular cartilage defects in rabbits.The specimens harvested at 4,8,12 weeks were analyzed by observation,histology and type Ⅱ collagen immunohistochemistry.[Result]The induced chondrocytes were embedded in scaffolds evenly the formation,smoothness of the surface and integration with adjacent tissues of the hyaline cartilage-like tissues,distribution of type Ⅱ collagen in the matrix of the induced chondrocytes group were better than all those in the chondrocyte group.[Conclusion]The method of invigorating the kidney,promoting qi and activating blood has superiority in repairing articular cartilage defects over the traditional method.

Objective To investigate the therapeutic mechanism of dexamethasone in hyperoxia-induced lung injury. Methods Use bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) method to gain alveolar macrophages (AM) from newborn SD rats. AM were adherence purified for 24 hours, then randomly assigned to four groups: Ⅰ. hyperoxia group, Ⅱ. hyperoxia plus LPS group, Ⅲ. hyperoxia plus dexamethasone group, Ⅳ. hyperoxia plus LPS plus dexamethasone group. Every group contains 7 samples. After cultured for 48 hours, supernatants were harvested. L-lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity? hydrogen peroxide (H 2O 2) and IL-8 contents of supernatants were examined in all groups. Results (1)48 h after culture, the content of IL-8 in groupⅠandⅡwas (46?15)pg/ml?(145?27)pg/ml respectively, in groupⅢandⅣwas(29?4)pg/ml?(39?8)pg/ml respectively, IL-8 content was decreased in group Ⅲ and Ⅳcompared with group Ⅰand Ⅱ(P

Acute superior mesenteric artery embolism(MAE) is uncommon in clinical, but is a severe surgical abdomen. Owing to its unfamiliarity, clinicians often made misdiagnosis. This report summarized the experience in diagnosis and surgical therapy of 25 cases of acute superior mesenteric artery embolism. The results suggested that patients with a history of heart and peripheral arterial obstructive disease encountering severe abdominal pain and hemorrhage of digestive tract, which could not be relieved by narcotics, should be considered as early signs of acute superior mesenteric artery embolism. Twenty-three were operated out of the 25 cases, among tham, 5 cases were subjected to resection of partial small intestine after removal of the embolus, 18 cases received bowel resection. In the 23 cases of MAE, 10 were cured and 13 died, the mortality in perioperative period was 57%. Early diagnosis and prompt treatment are the key to improve the therapeutic effects of AME.

Objective:To design a kind of head holder for small animal imaging without artifact. Methods: The head holder was designed for small animal imaging according to rodent head stereotaxic apparatus with lightweight and easy molding material (polymethyl methacrylate). The holder can be easily made with ordinary lathe and can be easily operated in small animal imaging device. Results:After the trial in small animal PET-CT, the holder can effectively solve the problems in small animal imaging such as the artifact caused by tiny displacement, tilt head position, deviating from the central field of view and respiratory depression. Conclusion: The small animal imaging device was designed in simple structure to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology. The operation of the device is simple, which is worthy of popularization head holder of application.

Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), an acute-phase response protein, is ac-tivated to over-express by cytokines .STAT3 also acts as a transcriptional factor to regulate the expression of cytokines .O-ver-expression of cytokines is accompanied by STAT 3 activation and over-expression in acute pancreatitis .Meanwhile , the proliferation of pancreatic stellate cells in chronic pancreatitis is mediated by STAT 3.In this review, the research progress in STAT3 function is summarized to elaborate its potential role in the pathogenesis of pancreatitis .

Objective:To observe the effects of ultrasound-guided paravertebral nerve block combined with general anesthesia on intraoperative stress response, hemodynamics and postoperative pain of patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy.Methods:A total of 92 patients undergoing elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy in Wuhan Third Hospital between January 2017 and August 2019 wereselected. They were divided into the control group (63 cases) and the observation group (29 cases) by voluntary. The control group were given simple general intravenous anesthesia, and the observation group were given ultrasound-guided paravertebral nerve block combined with general intravenous anesthesia. Changes in hemodynamic parameters and concentrations of blood angiotensin-Ⅱ (AT-Ⅱ) and cortisol (Cor) in the two groups were observed. The cerebral state indexes (CSI) of both groups were recorded, and pain degree of patients was evaluated with the visual analogue scale (VAS).Results:The mean arterial pressure (MAP) and heart rate (HR) of the observation group were higher than those of the control group at 30 min after anesthesia, 30 min after operation, 3 hours after operation ( P<0.05), the stroke volume variation (SVV) was lower than that of the control group ( P<0.05); the AT-Ⅱ, Cor and CSI in the observation group were lower than those in the control group at each time point ( P<0.05); The dosage of narcotic drugs in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group ( P<0.05); The recovery time of spontaneous breathing, recovery time, extubation time and respiratory satisfaction time in the observation group were less than those in the control group ( P<0.05), and the VAS scores at 3 h, 6 h and 12 h after operation in the observation group were lower than those in the control group ( P<0.05). Conclusions:Ultrasound-guided paravertebral nerve block combined with general anesthesia can effectively reduce the patient's stress response during laparoscopic cholecystectomy, with good analgesic effect, which is helpful to maintain the hemodynamic stability of patients.

Objective To examine the expression of tight junction protein claudin-5 in blood-spinal cord barrier (BSCB) after spinal cord injury about rat. Methods One hundred-twenty adult male SD rats were randomly divided into blank group (60) and injured group (60). The animal model of spinal cord injury was established using modified Allen method. The expression of claudin-5 in BSCB was examined at 6 h, 12 h, 1 d, 3 d, 5 d and 7 d (five rats per time point). Western blot and RT_PCR were used to detect protein and mRNA expression levels of claudin-5, respectively. Results The success rate of spinal cord injury molding was 81.7%. In injured group, EB content increased gradually over time, reached the peak at the third day(0.9435 ± 0.0813)μg/g and then reduced gradually (P<0.05), EB content was signifi-cantly higher in injured group than in blank group. Claudin-5 mRNA expression in injured group reduced gradually over time and reached the lowest point at the third day(2.871 ± 0.527)and then increased gradually(P<0.05). Claudin-5 mRNA expression was significantly lower in injured group than in blank group(P<0.05). Claudin-5 protein expression in injured group reduced gradually over time, reached the lowest at the third day(0.072 ±0.008)and then increased gradually (P<0.05). Claudin- 5 protein expression was significantly lower in injured group than in blank group(P<0.05). Con-clusions The alteration of claudin-5 expression after SCI may lead to the permeability of BSCB, which may in turn con-tribute to the secondary spinal cord injury.