Objective To develop a nursing pathway outlined the reasonable timing for care of paraplegia patients at rehabilitation stage. Methods Literature and patient records were reviewed to draw up a clinical nursing pathway. It was modified and finalized after 2 rounds of Delphi's expert-consultation. Results and Conclusion The draft was responded by 100% of the experts, with a specialist authoritative coefficient of 0.87. The text for the clinical nursing pathway was then completed.

Objective To study the biological effects of nucleic transcript factor NF-?B/RelB gene silencing on bone marrow derived dendritic cells(BMDCs).Methods For constructing a new type of DCs,RNAi RelB DC,mouse BMDCs were cultured through IL-4 and GM-CSF cytokine inducing system and were purified with CD11c positive immunomicrobeads by flow cytometer,and RelB gene was silenced with PCR expression cassettes.The RelB RNA interference effect in DCs was proved at both mRNA and protein levels.The biological characteristics of RNAi RelB DCs were investigated by means of cell morphology,cell surface markers and mixed lymphocyte reaction ability.The cell microstructure was observed using scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy.The cell surface markers,such as MHC-Ⅱ,CD86 and CD40,were detected by flow cytometer.The mixed lymphocyte reaction ability,as well as the ability of DCs in stimulating allogeneic T cells proliferation,was detected by 3H-TdR incorporation method.Results RNAi RelB DCs seemed to have fewer and shorter spikes and many folds under scanning electron microscopy.Many phagocytic vacuoles were observed in the cytoplasm under transmission electron microscopy.DCs surface molecules,MHC-Ⅱ,CD86 and CD40,were expressed at a relatively lower level compared with the control DCs.This RNAi RelB DCs also showed weak allogeneic T cells stimulating ability in vitro in MLR.Conclusion The dendritic cells derived from bone marrow are characterized the biological features and immunological function of immature DC with silencing of RelB gene.This kind of RNAi RelB DCs may be used to induce immunotolerance as a novel tolerogenic DCs.

Objective To clarify malaria infection and the incidence in first Chinese medical team of United Nation peacekeeping mission in Democratic Republic of Congo and evaluate the effect of prevention measures so that provide reference for studying on malaria prevention and the precautionary measures for the follow-up personnel in Africa. Methods 43 cases (male 30, female 13) were observed between Apr. and Dec. 2003 when they were deployed in D.R.of Congo. Eliminating mosquito was used to decrease the density, including the usage of driving mosquito machine, killing mosquito lamp and chlorine cyanogens chrysanthemum ester, ”Prevent malaria-3”and COTECXIN as the precautionary medicines. Plasmodiums in blood were checked periodically. The cases with positive result of blood test and without clinical symptom was considered as infection, otherwise as disease with symptom appeared. Results The density of mosquito in house decreased. 3 cases (male 2, female 1) suffering from malaria, the incidence was 6.98%. Plasmodium was found in 39 individuals (male 26, female 13), the infection rate was 90.70%. The incidence was the lowest compared with contingents from other countries. Conclusion It was effective that these measures taken by reducing mosquito density and ”Prevent malaria-3”and COTECXIN usage in Chinese medical team during peacekeeping mission .

ObjectiveTo evaluate the effect of health education to women of childbearing age on knowledge of birthdefents.MethodsRandomly selected 200 case of maternal pre-pregnancy check-up in the hospital outpatient department were divided into two groups,The observation group of 100 cases,100 cases of the control group.the control group received rule progestation knowledge education,the observation group enforce health education intervention,apply the way of questionnaire survey,and the results were statistically analyzed.ResultsThe observation group answer correct rate is obviously higher than the control group ( all P ＜ 0.05 ).ConclusionTaking a variety of measures of health education for pregnant women during the physical examination for effective interventions,could significantly improve the population birth defects knowledge rate had positive significance to the prevention of birth defects.

Objective:To pursue a scientific approach for medical equipment purchase, set up a standard purchase model, and try to transform the extensive and empirical way in purchase management into a scientific way.Methods: Analyze and test the data using linear regression method on yearly revenue, equipment value, yearly volume of work and yearly maintenance and repairs fee for 25 kinds of equipment in one hospital.Results: Assuming other parameters do not change, for each additional 10,000 yuan in equipment value, the revenue of the hospital increases by 14,858 yuan; for each additional 10,000 times in the volume of work, the revenue increases by 2,214,407 yuan; for each additional 10,000 yuan in maintenance, the revenue decreases by 132,683 yuan.Conclusion: Based on the scientific approach on equipment purchase management, we should improve the efficiency of medical equipment usage, scientifically mange the maintenance and repairs of equipment, in order to provide more accurate information and data for equipment purchase in hospital and make the purchase management more scientific, objective and rational.

By means of literature review of existing laws and regulations,an analysis was made on main setbacks found in the clinical trials and regulation of medical devices in China.The authors proposed to enact and improve such laws and regulations as soon as possible.

Objective To investigate the relation ship between the changes of platelet parameters and intracranial hemorrhage in premature children with low birth weight. Methods 73 premature children with low birth weight were selected as research subjects and divided into PIVH group (35 cases) and non PIVH group (38 cases) according to intracranial hemorrhage or not,and 20 normal newborns were selected as controls. The neonatal platelet parameters of three groups were detected and compared. Results There were 35 cases of 73 premature children with low birth weight occurred intracranial hemorrhage, the incidence rate was 47. 9%. The gestational age and birth weight of PTVH group were (29.3 ± 1.2) weeks and (1 653.0 ± 182. 1) g and which were significantly lower than the non PIVH group( all P ＜0.05) ; the asphyxia rate of PIVH group was 60.0% and which was significantly higher than the non PIVH group(P＜0.05). The PLT and PCT of PIVH group were (187.52 ±52.03) × 109/L and (0.127 ± 0.05) % and which were significantly lower than the control group (all P ＜ 0. 05) ; The PLT and PCT of non PIVH group were(223.48 ±42.15) × 109/L and (0. 189 ±0. 06)% and which were significantly lower than the control group(all P＜0. 05) ; The PLT and PCT of PIVH group were significantly lower than the non PIVH group(all P ＜ 0.05) ; while the MPV and PDW among the three groups had no significant difference ( all P ＞ 0. 05 ). Conclusion The abnormal decrease of PLT and PCT should be involved in the pathogenesis of intracranial hemorrhage in premature children with low birth weight, clinical attention should be paid to the monitoring of platelet parameters in premature children so as to alert and minimize its incidence.

Objective:To observe the effects of aging performance on the property of dental zirconia sintered by microwave furnace and conventional furnace.Methods:48 zirconia wafer specimens were fabricated and randomly divided equally into 2 groups.The samples were sintered in a microwave furnace(Mgroup)and a conventional furnace(C group)respectively.The samples from the 2 groups were divided into 2 sub-groups and treated by room temperature and dry condition(A group)and 1 34 ℃ with 0.2 MPa pres-sure(B group,accelerated aging)respectively.The m phase fraction of the samples was determined by X-ray diffraction analysis.The biaxial flexural strength was examined by universal testing machine.The fracture cross section was observed by SEM.Results:CB and MB groups showed higher m phase fraction than CA and MA groups(P <0.05).The grain size of zirconia sintered by microwave method was uniform.The fracture surface of zirconia showed no obvious crack and no grain size change after accelerated aging.The biaxial flexural strength of the samples showed no significant difference among groups(P >0.05).Conclusion:The aging perform-ance of zircinia sintered by microwave method were similar to that sintered by conventional method.

[ ABSTRACT] AIM:To investigate the protective effect of 1, 3-dicyclopentyl-1, 2, 3, 6-tetrahydropyrimidine-4, 5-dicarboxylic acid diethyl ester (ZL-5015) on lethal endotoxin-challenged mice and to explore the underlying mechanism. METHODS:Mouse model of lethal endotoxin challenge and endotoxemia were established by intraperitoneal administration of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) at a dose of 70 mg/kg to the C57BL/6J mice.Mouse peritoneal macrophages stimulated with LPS (10 mg/L) were used as an in vitro inflammatory model.The levels of interleukin-1β( IL-1β) , interleukin-10 ( IL-10) and tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α) were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).Real-time PCR was used to evaluate the mRNA expression of the cytokines.RESULTS:Prophylactic treatment of the mice with ZL-5015 (100 and 200 mg/kg, ig) slightly increased the survival rate, extended the survival time, decreased the serum levels of IL-1βand TNF-α, and increased the serum level of IL-10 in the early stage of endotoxemia as compared with model group.The results of in vitro study demonstrated that treatment of the endotoxin-stimulated mouse peritoneal macrophages with ZL-5015 (10, 20 and 40μmol/L) inhibited the expression of IL-1βand TNF-αat both mRNA and protein levels but promoted the expression of IL-10 at both mRNA and protein levels.CONCLUSION: The tetrahydropyrimidine derivative ZL-5015 shows a moderate anti-endotoxin effect by increasing the survival rate and extending the survival time of the mice challenged by endotoxin, which may result from inhibition of the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-1βand TNF-α, and promotion of the expression of anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10.

Objective To observe the CT and MR features of hepatic hydatid cyst, and to evaluate the diagnostic value of CT and MR. Methods CT and MR images were retrospectively analyzed in 42 patients with pathologically proved hepatic hydatid diseases, and the relative articles were reviewed. Results Hepatic echinococcosis granulosus occured in 85.71% patients, among which ring like pattern calcification, the ribbon calcification, multiple daughter vesicles and detached membranes within cyst were the main findings. Hepatic echinococcosis alveolaris occured in 14.29% patients, whereas the main finding included calcification, small vacuoles, peninsula sign, geographic sign and colliquative necrosis. For the diagnosis of hepatic hydatidosis, MR was better than CT in the judgement of the cyst wall, detached membranes and fibrous septum, but was inferior to CT in displaying calcification sign. Conclusion Hepatic hydatidosis can be diagnosed either with CT or MR, CT is superior to MR in integrated diagnosis of this disease.