Objective To explore the effect of prenatal inflammation on rat offspring's blood pressure and behavioral performance.Methods Twenty-four time-mated Sprague-Dawley(SD)rats were randomly divided into three groups,i.e.control,zymosan and LPS.On their gestation days 8,10,12,the pregnant rats received i.p.injections of sterile saline,0.79 mg/kg zymosan or 0.79 mg/kg LPS respectively.When the offspring were sixty weeks old,eight pups were chosen randomly for the later study.Their serum TNF-? level was detected by ELISA using tail blood,arterial blood pressure was measured by tail-cuff method,and their behavioral performance was detected in Morris water maze test.At the end of the experiment,the brains were rapidly taken from the sacrificed offspring,cut into sections and stained with H&E method to investigate the structural changes of hippocampus.Results Compared with control group,all offspring from the inflammation groups showed increased serum level of TNF-?,increased systemic arterial blood pressure,long latency in finding the safe platform and decreased number of neurons in CA1 region of hippocampus.Conclusion Prenatal exposure to LPS or zymosan results in hypertension and disturbance of learning and memory.

Objective:To investigate the effect of cPLA 2(cytosolic PLA 2, 85-kD PLA 2) on the signaling pathways of IL-1?、IL-6 release in LPS induced Hela cells.Methods:①LPS stimulated Hela cells were exposed to the complex of cPLA 2 initiation site-directed antisense oligonucleotide and liposome in the indicated doses and time, and then,analyzed the changes of cPLA 2 both in mRNA and in protein by RT-PCR and Western blot.②At the same time, the supernatants were collected to detect the level of IL-1? and IL-6 under radioimmunoassay(RIA).Results:①The transfection led to a dose-dependent decrease in cPLA 2 protein, while the change of mRNA is not notable.②The levels of IL-1?、IL-6 in the transfected cells were reduced following the repression of cPLA 2 compared with that of LPS added only.Conclusion:cPLA 2 probably plays an important role in the signaling mechanisms on IL-1?、IL-6 release in LPS-induced Hela cell. [

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the effect of orthognathic surgery in the treatment of condylar osteochondroma.

METHODSA total of 12 cases of condylar osteochondroma were treated with Le Fort I osteotomy, intraoral vertical ramus osteotomy, sagittal split ramus osteotomy and genioplasty.

RESULTSNo recurrence of condylar osteochondroma was observed in all 12 cases two years after the treatments. Facial asymmetry was obviously corrected.

CONCLUSIONThe orthognathic surgery methods are advantageous in improving facial figure without scar development in the treatment of condylar osteochondroma.

Bone Neoplasms ; Face ; abnormalities ; Facial Asymmetry ; congenital ; Humans ; Hyperplasia ; Male ; Orthognathic Surgery ; Osteochondroma ; Osteotomy ; Osteotomy, Le Fort ; Osteotomy, Sagittal Split Ramus

ObjectiveTo observe the changes of expression of aquaporin-1(AQP-1)and AQP-4 in drowned and postmortem immersed rats’lungs.MethodsThirty healthy male Wistar rats were randomly divided into drowning group, postmortem immersion group and cervical dislocation group. The morpho-logical changes of rats’lungs were observed using HE staining. The mRNA and protein expressions of AQP-1 and AQP-4 in rats’lungs were detected by real-time PCR, immunohistochemistry and Western blotting, respectively.ResultsThe results of immunohistochemistry and the Western blotting showed that the protein expression of AQP-1 of the drowning group was higher than the postmortem immersion group and the cervical dislocation group(P<0.05). The result of immunohistochemistry showed that the protein expression of AQP-4 of the drowning group was higher than the postmortem immersion group and the cervical dislocation group(P<0.05)while no difference were detected among the three of them by Western blotting(P>0.05). The mRNA expressions of AQP-1 and AQP-4 in rats’lungs of the drown-ing group was significantly higher than the postmortem immersion group(P<0.05).ConclusionThe in-crease of mRNA and protein expressions of AQP-1 and AQP-4 in lungs of rats with cute lung injury of the drowning group would be useful for differentiating vital drowning from postmortem immersion.

Mycoplasma ovipneumoniae (Mo) is difficult to culture, resulting in many difficulties in related research and application. Since nucleotide metabolism is a basic metabolism affects growth, this study conducted a “point-to-point” comparison of the corresponding growth phases between the Mo NM151 strain and theMycoplasma mycoides subsp. capri (Mmc) PG3 strain.The results showed that the largest difference in nucleotide metabolism was found in the stationary phase. Nucleotide synthesis in PG3 was mostly de novo, while nucleotide synthesis in NM151 was primarily based on salvage synthesis. Compared with PG3, the missing reactions of NM151 referred to the synthesis of deoxythymine monophosphate. We proposed and validated a culture medium with added serine to fill this gap and prolong the stationary phase of NM151. This solved the problem of the fast death of Mo, which is significant for related research and application.

ObjectiveTo investigate the anti-tuberculosis treatment response and outcomes in treatment naive patients infected with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB).MethodsA total of 408 patients who were diagnosed with MDR-TB in Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital from January 2006 to January 2009 were recruited in this study.These patients were divided into two groups based on their previous treatment history:treatment naive group and re treatment group. The treatment response,outcomes andadverse eventswere observed. The outcomes of thesetwo groupswere compared by cohort analysis and x2 test.ResultsThe sputum conversion rates,the lesions absorption rate and the cavity closing or shrinking rate of the treatment naive MDR TB group were significantly higher than those of the re treatment group,while the adverse events rate was not significantly different between two groups (x2 =0.434,P＞0.05).Among 89 treatment naive cases,66 cases (74.16％) were cured,8(8.99％) completed the full treatment course,7(7.87％) were treatment failure,3(3.37％) died,and 5(5.62％) were lost to follow-up.Among the 319 cases of re-treatment MDR TB group,134 (42.01％) were cured,31(9.72％) completed the full treatment course,116 (36.36％) were treatment failure,12(3.76％) died,26(8.15％) were lost to follow-up.The cure rate of the treatment naive MDR-TB group was significantly higher than that of re-treatment group (x2=28.783,P＜0.01).The factors influencing the treatment outcomes included the stage of the disease,the range of lesions and cavity, the patients'generalnutritional status, underlying complications,and the drug-resistant strains. Conclusions The anti-tuberculosis treatment outcomes are better in treatment naive patients with MDR-TB infection compared to the treatment experienced and retreated patients.Therefore,the status of the drug resistance should be closely monitored in order to detect MDR-TB as early as possible.With the early diagnosis,the treatmcnt regimen may be modified timely and as a result the treatment outcomes can be improved.

Objective To investigate the related factors for Alzheimer's disease(AD) in Han versus Uygur populations in Uygur Autonomous Region.Methods A case-control study was conducted.Firstly,people over 50 years old were involved in epidemiology inquisition in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region.Then we screened for dementia by MMSE and scrutinized the person who got the score of MMSE for illiteracy(≤17),elementary school(＜20),middle school and above it(＜ 24)by Hachinski Ischemic Score(HIS) and activity of daily living scale(ADL).Finally,AD cases were diagnosed by standard of the national institute of neurologic,communicative disorders and stroke and AD-related disorders association (NINCDS-ADRDA),and controls were selected based on age roughly.Univariate and multivariate analysis of related factors for AD in the two populations were conducted by using logistic regression mode.Results There were 109 AD cases and 218 controls in Han population and 127 AD cases and 254 controls in Uygur population.Logistic regression analysis showed that the risk for AD in Han population was increased by 3.078,1.369 and 2.794 folds respectively in women,people with high level of serum total cholesterol and people with low-density lipoprotein cholesterol as compared with men,people with normal level of serum total cholesterol and people with low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(OR =3.078,1.369 and 2.794,respectively,all P＜ 0.05); and the risk for AD in Uygur population was increased by 3.279,3.447,1.407 and 1.746 folds respectively in women,people with brain trauma history,and people with high level of serum triglyceride and total cholesterol as compared with men,people without brain trauma history and with normal level of serum triglyceride and total cholesterol(OR=3.279,3.447,1.407 and 1.746,all P＜ 0.05).Conclusions The study demonstrates that female and high total cholesterol are the risk factors for AD in both of Han and Uygur populations.High level of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol is one of the risk factors for AD in Han population,and brain trauma history and high level of serum triglyceride are risk factors for AD in Uygur population.

To reduce the risk of 3′-terminal mismatch between primers and template and increase the sensitivity of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in the detection of variable region of DNA. Methods: A pair of special primer(WU,WD) was designed to amplify a fragment of HBV DNA P gene by PCR. Other 2 similar pairs of primer (MU1, MD1, MU2, MD2) were obtained by knocking off 1 or 2 bases at the 3′-terminal of WU and WD. (1) Special primers (WU, WD) and degeneracy primers(WU, WD, MU1, MU2, MD1, MD2) were used to amplify 27 samples respectively by PCR under the same condition. The sensitivity of each PCR was compared. (2) Using degeneracy primers, serum HBV DNA was amplified from 4 patients who were resistant to lamivudine. The PCR products were sequenced to evaluate the effect of the 3′-terminal mismatch of primers upon PCR. Results: (1) The sensitivity of special primers and degeneracy primers were 70.4%(19/27) and 85.2%(23/27) respectively (P<0.05). (2) The sequencing analysis of the PCR products suggested that the 3′-terminal mismatch of primers caused false negative in the PCR detection. Conclusion: When amplifying the variable region of DNA, the false negative result can be avoided by using 3′-terminus shifted degeneracy primers.

Objective: To study the prevalence and pathogenesis of TT virus (TTV) in hemodialysis patients. Methods: Serum TTV DNA was tested in 69 hemodialysis patients from our hospital by nested-PCR using primers from a conservative region of TTV genenome, genetic analysis and detection of hepatitis C virus antibody (anti-HCV) and the levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) were also carried out simultaneously. Results: The overall prevalence of TTV viremia was 27.5%. The PCR-amplified gene fragment from one patient was sequenced, and its gene sequence homologies with GH1,TA278, TTVCHN1 and TTVCHN2 ranged from 89% to 100%, its deduced amino acid sequence ranged from 87% to 100%. There was no significant difference of TTV prevalence between anti-HCV positive and negative patients. No significant elevation of ALT was found in all patients. Conclusion: High prevalence of TTV infection is found among hemodialysis patients, and TTV infection has no significant association with HCV infection or elevation of ALT.

Growth hormone (GHRH) and pitutary adenylate cyclase activating peptide (PACAP) are the members of the PACAP/Glucagon superfamily,who are related in both sequence and function.Their stimulation of GH secretion and animal growth is concerned.A series of expression plasmid,pIRES1-GHRH-PACAP (P-G-P),plRESI-GHRH (P-G) and plRESI-PACAP(P-P),were constructed,extracted and purified,then transfected into CHO cell line with Lipofectamine.The expression was examined by RT-PCR,dot-ELISA and Western blotting.The biological activity of expression products was detected in rats.At 8 h after injection of transfection supematant,serum IGF-I concentrations in P-G-P group were significantly higher than that in other groups(P ＜ 0.05).PLGA encapsulating plasmid microspheres were prepared and injected intramuscularly into rabbit legs.Growth behavior and IGF-1 level were measured at day 0,15,30 and 45 after injection.Greater body weights gain and higher serum 1GF- [ levels were observed in three plasmid microsphere injection groups,compared with control group.At day 30,the body weight gain in P-G-P group was greater than saline group (81%,P＜ 0.01),P-G mierosphere group (15%,P＜ 0.05) and P-P microsphere group (7%,P＞ 0.05),serum IGF-I concentration in P-G-P microsphere group showed a 16.68% increase to P-G microsphere (P ＞ 0.05),a 17.14% increase to P-P microsphere(P ＞ 0.05) and a 50.46% increase to control (P ＜ 0.05).These results suggest that co-expression of GHRH and PACAP in one expression plasmid might exert an additive stimulation of GH secretion and growth when delivered into rabbit skeletal muscle with PLGA mierosphere.The results may provide a new approach to regulate animal growth.