Objective To clarify the role of B7-H1 in the immune privilege after corneal transplantation in homogeneity variant mice.Methods We established the experimental animal model of allograft mice by using C57BL/6 mouse as donor and Balb/c mouse as recipient.We allocaated the mice with long time survival (＞50 days) corneal graft into survival group,mice with rejection occurring in 50 days into rejection group,and normal C57BL/6 mice into control group.The transplanted corneal grafts were obtained for future reference at the 8th week after transplantation in survival group,and the time of rejection in rejection group.The expression of B7-H1 mRNA was detected by using immunohistochemistry and real time quantitative PCR (RT-PCR),and the relationship between B7-H1 and the immune privilege after corneal transplantation was analyzed. Results The B7 H1 mRNA was highly expressed in epithelium and endothelium of corneal grafts both in survival and control group,in comparison to an obviously lower expression in rejection group.The relative expression level of B7-H1 mRNA was 200.0 ± 11.5 in survival group,44.7 ± 10.8 in control group,and 6.9 ± 12.0 in rejection group,respectively. There were statistically significant differences among the three groups (F=241.164,P＜0.01 ).The was a significant correlation between the level of B7-H1 mRNA and occurrence rate of rejection in corneal graft (P＜0.01 ).Conclusion The results suggest that the immune privilege after corneal transplantation might be mediated by B7-H1,which plays an important role in maintaining the state of corneal immune privilege.

Objective To evaluate the effect of the setup error on the dosimetric verification for the nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients and cervical carcinoma patients treated with volumetric modulated are therapy (VMAT).Methods VMAT plans for 10 cervical cancer patients and 10 nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients were transplanted into the Delta4 phantom and calculate the dose,next,implement the treatment on the Varian iX linear accelerator.on the Varian iX linear accelerator.To simulate the setup error by moving the treatment couch in,out,up,down,left,right by 3 mm,5 mm,7 mm.Thereby study the effect of the setup error on the pass rate of the dose verification.Results The results for the dose distribution using the gamma evaluation method showed that the pass rate (3％/3 mm) was less than 90％ when the setup error were greater than 3 mm and 5 mm for the nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients and the cervical carcinoma patients.The pass rate of head direction were (64.7 ± 8.2) ％ and (63.3 ± 3.6) ％ on setup error of 5 mm and 7 mm for nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients and cervical carcinoma patients,respectively.Conclusions Setup error has great effect on the dose verification of the VMAT plans,the greater of the setup error,the lower of the pass rate.The setup error of head direction is more sensitive than other directions especially.

Objective To investigate low density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR)gene mutation in familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) patients. Methods The proband was given clinical diagnosis of homozygous FH based on marked features and blood lipid tests results. After apoB100R3500Q mutation was excluded, the promoter region and all of the 18 exons of LDLR gene were amplified by touch-downpolymerase chain reaction (PCR). The PCR products were analyzed by single-strand conformationalpolymorphism (SSCP). The PCR products with abnormal single strands were sequenced directly. Thesecondary structures of the mutational and wild type proteins were analyzed and compared byANTHEPROT5.0, and then the tertiary structures of the mutant and wild type LDLR were predicted atSWISS MODEL homepage online. Results A homozygous mutation A606T at exon 13 of the patients wasfound by SSCP and confirmed by DNA sequencing. GOR Ⅰ method in ANTHEPROT5.0 indicates that therandom coils and turns would replace some helixes at the mutation site. The online prediction from theSWISS MODEL homepage indicates the backbone structure of the mutant LDLR has no difference from thewild type one. Conclusion The results suggest the A606T mutation of LDLR gene is the cause of the FH inthis pedigree.

OBJECTIVETo study the expression level of B7-H1 protein in the eyeball tissues of mice receiving corneal allograft transplantation and explore the role of B7-H1 protein in corneal immune privilege.

METHODSMouse models of corneal allograft transplantation were established, and the corneal opacity and angiogenesis index was evaluated according to the Sonoda method. Eight weeks later, the mice were examined for the occurrence of graft rejection, and the expression level of B7-H1 protein in the eyeball tissues were detected by immunohistochemistry, using 8 normal mice as the control group.

RESULTSB7-H1 protein was expressed highly in the corneal and the choroidal/ciliary body in the normal control mice and the survived mice, but was absent in mice with graft rejection.

CONCLUSIONB7-H1 protein may play a role in the immune privilege following corneal allograft transplantation in mice.

Animals ; B7-H1 Antigen ; immunology ; Corneal Transplantation ; Female ; Immune Tolerance ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Transplantation, Homologous ; immunology

Objective To investigate the relationship of glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c),fibrinogen (Fbg)and cystatin C (Cys C)with the severity of coronary artery lesions in non-diabetic patients.Methods We enrolled 358 patients who received coronary angiography (CAG)in this study.They were divided into coronary artery disease (CAD)group and non-CAD group according to CAG results.Moreover,according to different clinical types of CAD,all the CAD patients were further classified into stable angina pectoris (SAP)group and acute coronary syndrome (ACS)group.We calculated Gensini score and divided CAD group into A,B and C subgroups by Gensini score.HbA1 c,Fbg,Cys C and other clinical data were measured and compared between groups,and the correlation analysis was used to find the relationship of HbA1c,Fbg and Cys C with Gensini score.Results The levels of HbA1 c,Fbg and Cys C were significantly higher in groups A,B and C than in non-CAD group.When Gensini score increased,the three indexes were increased too (P<0.05).The levels of HbA1c,Fbg and Cys C were significantly higher in ACS group than in SAP and non-CAD group (P<0.05).After adjustment for the influencing factors, HbA1 c was still associated with Fbg (P<0 .0 5 ).The levels of HbA1 c and Fbg were closely related to Gensini score (P<0.05).Conclusion In non-diabetes patients,HbA1c and Fbg are significantly related to the severity of coronary artery stenosis,and Cys C may not be an independent risk factor of coronary artery stenosis.

At present, there is still a lack of comprehensive diagnosis and treatment criteria for pancreatic exocrine insufficiency around the world. Pancreatic surgeons often ignore or misjudge pancreatic exocrine insufficiency secondary to pancreatic cancer, and as a result, pancreatic exocrine insufficiency is not adequately treated, which greatly affects the quality of life of patients with pancreatic cancer. This article summarizes the latest research advances in the pathogenesis, typical symptoms, and diagnostic methods of pancreatic exocrine insufficiency, as well as pancreatic enzyme replacement therapy in different stages of pancreatic cancer. It is pointed out that pancreatic enzyme replacement therapy can significantly improve the quality of life of patients with different stages of pancreatic cancer.

Objective To investigate the clinical significance of soluble CD40 ligand (sCD40L ) and lipoprotein associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2 ) in the assessment of coronary artery severity and risk classification in patients with non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndrome (NSTE-ACS).Methods Of the 9 6 patients with coronary heart disease diagnosed by coronary angiography,2 8 patients had stable angina pectoris (SAP),38 patients unstable angina pectoris (UAP)and 30 patients acute non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI).Another 30 patients with non-coronary heart disease (NC)served as controls.The sCD40L and Lp-PLA2 levels were determined by enzyme-linked immune sorbent assay (ELISA)method.The Gensini score was used to assess the severity of coronary artery and analyze the correlation with sCD40L and Lp-PLA2.The correlation of sCD40L and Lp-PLA2 with GRACE risk score was analyzed too.Results ① sCD40L was significantly higher in NSTEMI and UAP groups than in SAP and NC groups (P<0 .0 5 ),but there was no significant difference between NSTEMI and UAP groups (P>0 .0 5 )or SAP and NC groups (P>0 .0 5 ).Lp-PLA2 was significantly higher in NSTEMI group than in UAP,SAP and NC groups (P<0.05).Lp-PLA2 was significantly higher in UAP group than in SAP and NC groups (P<0.05).② We found that sCD40L had obvious correlation with Lp-PLA2 (r=0.284, P<0.01),Gensini score (r=0.213,P<0.05),and GRACE (r=0.224,P<0.05).Lp-PLA2 was significantly correlated with Gensini score (r=0.270,P<0.05),and GRACE (r=0.323,P<0.01).③ Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that Lp-PLA2 was independently associated with NSTE-ACS (P<0.05).Conclusion The sCD40L and Lp-PLA2 which were significantly elevated in NSTE-ACS are correlated with the severity of coronary artery disease.The two indexes indicate the instability of atherosclerotic plaque;thus they can be used as predictors of risk assessment in coronary heart disease.

Objective To detect the levels of CD31+/CD42b- and CD144+ endothelial microparticles (EMPs)in plasma,and analyze the relationship with carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT)and the risk factors of atherosclerosis.Methods Totally 122 outpatients and inpatients in our hospital were selected,and carotid artery ultrasound examination was performed.The results were divided into a thickening group (62 cases)and a control group (60 cases).Flow cytometry was used to detect the levels of CD31+/CD42b- and CD144+ EMPs in the blood to analyze the relationship between the level of endothelial cells and CIMT,and to investigate the relationship between the level of plasma EMPs and the risk factors of atherosclerosis.Results Compared with the control group,the levels of EMPs of CD31+/CD42b- and CD144+ were significantly higher.In the correlation analysis, plasma CD31+/CD42b- and CD144+EMPs levels were positively correlated with CIMT;in multi-factor Logistic regression analysis,CD31+/CD42b- EMPs levels were correlated positively with age,TC and Cys C;plasma CD144+ EMPs levels were correlated with UA and BMI.Conclusion The levels of CD31+/CD42b-,CD144+EMPs in plasma were correlated with CIMT,guiding early prevention of cardiovascular diseases.

Objective To investigate the expression of serum angiopoietin-2 (Ang-2 ) and its clinical significance in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF).Methods The levels of serum Ang-2,N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP)and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF)were detected in 1 1 3 patients with CHF,who were divided into four groups according to New York Heart Association (NYHA:class Ⅰ,n=3 2;Ⅱ,n=30;Ⅲ,n=26;Ⅳ,n=25).Another 20 healthy volunteers for physical check-up were chosen as the control group.Results With the change of cardiac function (from Ⅰ to Ⅳ),the levels of plasma Ang-2 and NT-proBNP were increased significantly (P<0.05 ).The level of serum Ang-2 was positively correlated with NT-proBNP (r=0.774,P<0.001),but negatively correlated with left ventricular ejection fraction (r=-0.725,P<0.001).Conclusion The level of serum Ang-2 has a significant correlation with the severity of heart failure.Ang-2 is expected to be used to predict and evaluate the severity of CHF.

Objective To study the clinical efficacy of Helicobacter pylori (Hp) eradication quadruple therapy combined with Bifidobacterium in the treatment of Hp infection in adolescents.Methods A total of 180 outpatient or hospitalization adolescents with Hp infection in our hospital were randomly divided into Hp eradication quadruple therapy combined with Bifidobacterium group (treatment group,90 cases) and Hp eradication quadruple therapy group (control group,90 cases).The control group was given oral administration of pantoprazole,clarithromycin,amoxicillin,and bismuth potassium citrate,at dose of 40 mg,500 mg,1 000 mg,and 220 mg respectively,at 0.5 h after meal,for twice a day.The treatment group was treated with quadruple therapy plus Bifidobacterium triple viable capsule,at a dose of 630 mg,at 4 hours of morning and evening meals.The two groups were both treated for 14 days.Results The eradication rates of the treatment group and control group were 91.11％ and 62.2％,respectively (P ＜ 0.05).The adverse reactions were mild,including nausea,abdominal distension,diarrhea,constipation,bitter mouth,etc.,and their incidences in the treatment group and the control group was 6.67％ and 21.11％,respectively (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Hp eradication quadruple therapy combined with Bifidobacterium might improve the Hp eradication rate and reduce the incidence of adverse reactions in the treatment of Helicobacter pylori infection in adolescents.