The experiment aimed to study the toxic effect of oral ricin on gastrointestinal tract and immune organs of mice with the dose of 1/5 LD50.In early days of intoxication,there was an obviously decrease in daffy weight and relative weight of thymus and spleen,fllowing the excretion of toxin,they had a trend of recovering to the normal state.Also,results of pathological section,scanning electron microscope and transmission electron microscope showed that ricin would induce a series of pathological reaction in intestines,meanwhile,the splenocytes displayed significant symptom of apoptosis and necrosis.

Objective To investigate the expression and possible mechanism of miR-21 and Ski-related novel protein N( SnoN) in the renal fibrosis diabetic process.Methods The animal model was established by tail-vein injection of Streptozotocin,and the other group were normal control ( NC) group.After 10 weeks, the rats were sacrificed to measure biochemical parameters and renal index , and to observe the changes of pathomorphology by HE staining as well.Meanwhile, immunohistochemistry and Western blot were employed to examine protein ex-pression of E-cadherin,α-smooth muscle actin(α-SMA), fibronectin(FN), collagen-Ⅰ(Col-Ⅰ), collagen-Ⅲ(Col-Ⅲ), transforming growth factor-β1(TGF-β1), Smad3, p-Smad3(Ser423/425) and SnoN in the renal tissue. In addition, the expression of SonN mRNA and miR-21 were detected by qPCR.Results In DM group,the ex-pressions of Col-Ⅰ, Col-Ⅲ and FN in renal interstitium were increased ( P <0.05 ) , TGF-β1 increased (P<0.05),while E-cadherin decreased(P<0.05).Compared with NC group, the expression of α-SMA,p-Smad3 (Ser423/425) protein increased in DM group(P<0.05),while the protein level of SnoN decreased but the level of SnoN mRNA increased ( P <0.05 ) .Moreover, the level of miR-21 markedly increased in DM group ( P <0.05 ) .Conclusions TGF-β1 may up-regulate the expression of miR-21 but restrain the translational expression of SnoN, aggravating fibrosis.

BACKGROUND:Mesenchymal stem celltransplantation promoted skin repair in trauma via various regulatory mechanisms and inhibited scar formation. At present, many scholars believed that bioactive factors secreted by mesenchymal stem cells played an important role.
OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effects of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cellconditioned medium on the proliferation and col agen synthesis of hypertrophic scar fibroblasts.
METHODS:Human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and hypertrophic scar fibroblasts were isolated and cultured, and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cellconditioned medium was prepared. Hypertrophic scar fibroblasts were cultured in vitro with 12, 24, and 48 hour-col ected conditioned medium for 24 hours, which was compared with blank control group. The proliferation of cells was determined by CCK-8. Type I and type III col agen expression in hypertrophic scar fibroblasts was detected using real-time PCR.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Compared with the blank control group, 24 and 48 hour-col ected conditioned medium significantly inhibited the proliferation of hypertrophic scar fibroblasts (P<0.01), and also suppressed col agen synthesis of hypertrophic scar fibroblasts (P<0.01). Results suggested that bone marrow mesenchymal stem cellconditioned medium inhibited the proliferation and col agen synthesis of hypertrophic scar fibroblasts by secreting anti-fibrotic bioactive factors, which may provide new theoretical supports for celltherapy to reduce cutaneous scarring.

Objective To investigate the adiponectin levels in non-obese first-degree relatives (FDR)of type 2 diabetic subjects and its relation to insulin sensitivity and the intima-media thickness of the common carotid artery (IMT) during 5-year follow-up. Methods Fifty-three FDR subjects and 37 control subjects who were free of type 2 diabetes were enrolled. Plasma adipenectin, lipid profile, blood glucose, fasting insulin, and blood pressure were determined at baseline and after 5-year follow-up. IMT and endothelial-dependent vasodilation (EDVD) were measured by high-resolution B-mode ultrasound imaging. Homeostasis model assessment was used to evaluate insulin resistance (HOMA-IR)and β-cell function (HOMA-β). 29 FDR subjects and 20 control subjects completed the follow-up. Results Comparing with the control, plasma adiponectin levels in non-obese FDR subjects were lower at baseline [(10.06±5.79)vs (14.43±7.91) mg/L, P< 0.05]. Plasma adiponectin were decreased 24.0% in non-obese FDR and 36.7% in control duning 5 year follow-up (both P<0.05). Adiponectin levels were negatively correlated with waist-to-hip ratio (r = -0. 397), fasting blood glucose (r = -0. 373), IMT (r = -0. 372), and HOMA-IR (r=-0. 40)in the non-obese FDR. After adjusting other relevant risk factors,adiponectin was associated with age, high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, and IMT in multiple regression analyses in non-obese FDR group. In the control group, a similar analysis revealed that low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol and IMT explained 25% of the variability in the adiponectin concentration. Conclusion Plasma adiponectin levels were decreased after 5 years in both non-obese FDR and control subjects. Decreased adiponectin level may be related to IMT increment.

Objective To study the inhibitory effect of curcumin on the proliferation,migration and invasion of non-small cell lung cancer cell A549,and to discuss further if it is closely related to the expression of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and relative protein p38.Methods A549 cells were cultured by conventional method,and then treated with different concentration of curcumin (10,20,40,80 μmol · L-1).The proliferation,migration and invasion of A549 cells were measured by real-time cellular analysis (RTCA).The expression levels of JNK,p-JNK,p38 and P-p38 were detected by real-time PCR and Western blotting.Results Curcumin showed an antiproliferation effect against A549 cells with IC50 =40 μmol · L-1,and curcumin exhibited obviously inhibitory effect on the migration and invasion of A549 cells.Additionally,compared with control group,curcumin suppressed the expression of JNK and p38 at the gene level,and significantly inhibited the expression of JNK,P-JNK,p38 and p38 (P＜0.05) at the protein level.Conclusion These results demonstrated that curcumin can inhibit the proliferation,migration and invasion of A549 cells via reducing the level of JNK,p38 phosphorylation,and blocking JNK signal transduction pathway.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the expression of DNAX-activating protein 12 (DAP12) and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) in mouse monocyte RAW264.7 subjected to compressive stress.

METHODSMouse monocyte RAW264.7 was subjected to four-point bending system. The expression of DAP12 and TRAP mRNA were examined by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and the expression of DAP12 protein by Western Blotting after 0, 3, 6 and 12h's compressive stress.

RESULTSAfter RAW264.7 cells were cultured by osteoclast cell culture fluid, the amount of the cells increased, and the volume enlarged, and the number of nuclei per osteoclast increased in vitro. The expression of DAP12 and TRAP mRNA and DAP12 protein of RAW264.7 cells subjected to compressive stress increased along with the time (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe mouse monocyte RAW264.7 can differentiate into osteoclast in vitro, and high expression of DAP12 exists in the process of osteoclast differentiation.

Objective: To evaluate the mandibular condylar location and morphology in the temporomandibular joint disorders. Methods: One hundred thirty-seven TMD patients (age 37.5±16.1 years, male/female=39/98) were performed with MRI scan for temporomandibular joint (TMJ) from November, 2011 to April, 2019 in Department of Radiology,Hainan Hospital of General Hospital of Chinese PLA and General Hospital of Chinese PLA. The patients were classified into 3 groups according the disc displacement: disc without displacement (DWoD) (185 TMJ), disc displacement with reduction (DDWR) (17 TMJ) and disc displacement without reduction (DDWoR) (72 TMJ). The location (anterior position, central position and posterior position) and morphology (oval shape, flat shape and beaklike shape) of the condylar head were observed on the sagittal PDWI, and the long and short axes were measured on the axial T2WI. Another groups were classified into 3 subgroups according to the disc displacement of bilateral TMJ: bilateral normal disc location (biND) (74 cases), unilateral disc displacement (uniDD) (40 cases) and bilateral disc displacement (23 cases). The inter-condyle angle was measured on the axial T2WI. Results: There was no significant difference for the location of condylar head among DWoD, DDWR and DDwoR groups (χ²=7.435, P=0.115). The rate for flat condylar shape was significantly higher in DWoD group [83.9%(115/137)] than that in DDWoR group [50.7%(34/67)], and the rate for beaklike condylar shape was significantly lower in DWoD group [16.1%(22/137)] than that in DDWoR group [49.3%(33/67)] (χ²=23.521, P<0.001). The length of long axis presented significantly longer in DWoD group [(17.2±2.4) mm] than that in DDWR group [(15.4±2.0) mm] and that in DDWoR group [(14.7±2.7) mm] (P<0.05). The length of short axis presented significantly longer in DWoD group [(7.3±1.2) mm] than that in DDWR group [(6.5±1.3) mm] and that in DDWoR group [(6.1±1.4) mm] (P<0.05). The inter-condyle angle presented significantly larger in biND group (136°±13°) and uniDD group (132°±14°) than that inbiDD group (124°±17°) (P<0.05). Conclusions The mandibular condylar morphology changes significantly presented in the patients with temporomandibular disc displacement for the temporomandibular disorders.

Objective To investigate the relationship of glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c),fibrinogen (Fbg)and cystatin C (Cys C)with the severity of coronary artery lesions in non-diabetic patients.Methods We enrolled 358 patients who received coronary angiography (CAG)in this study.They were divided into coronary artery disease (CAD)group and non-CAD group according to CAG results.Moreover,according to different clinical types of CAD,all the CAD patients were further classified into stable angina pectoris (SAP)group and acute coronary syndrome (ACS)group.We calculated Gensini score and divided CAD group into A,B and C subgroups by Gensini score.HbA1 c,Fbg,Cys C and other clinical data were measured and compared between groups,and the correlation analysis was used to find the relationship of HbA1c,Fbg and Cys C with Gensini score.Results The levels of HbA1 c,Fbg and Cys C were significantly higher in groups A,B and C than in non-CAD group.When Gensini score increased,the three indexes were increased too (P<0.05).The levels of HbA1c,Fbg and Cys C were significantly higher in ACS group than in SAP and non-CAD group (P<0.05).After adjustment for the influencing factors, HbA1 c was still associated with Fbg (P<0 .0 5 ).The levels of HbA1 c and Fbg were closely related to Gensini score (P<0.05).Conclusion In non-diabetes patients,HbA1c and Fbg are significantly related to the severity of coronary artery stenosis,and Cys C may not be an independent risk factor of coronary artery stenosis.

Objective To investigate the clinical significance of soluble CD40 ligand (sCD40L ) and lipoprotein associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2 ) in the assessment of coronary artery severity and risk classification in patients with non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndrome (NSTE-ACS).Methods Of the 9 6 patients with coronary heart disease diagnosed by coronary angiography,2 8 patients had stable angina pectoris (SAP),38 patients unstable angina pectoris (UAP)and 30 patients acute non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI).Another 30 patients with non-coronary heart disease (NC)served as controls.The sCD40L and Lp-PLA2 levels were determined by enzyme-linked immune sorbent assay (ELISA)method.The Gensini score was used to assess the severity of coronary artery and analyze the correlation with sCD40L and Lp-PLA2.The correlation of sCD40L and Lp-PLA2 with GRACE risk score was analyzed too.Results ① sCD40L was significantly higher in NSTEMI and UAP groups than in SAP and NC groups (P<0 .0 5 ),but there was no significant difference between NSTEMI and UAP groups (P>0 .0 5 )or SAP and NC groups (P>0 .0 5 ).Lp-PLA2 was significantly higher in NSTEMI group than in UAP,SAP and NC groups (P<0.05).Lp-PLA2 was significantly higher in UAP group than in SAP and NC groups (P<0.05).② We found that sCD40L had obvious correlation with Lp-PLA2 (r=0.284, P<0.01),Gensini score (r=0.213,P<0.05),and GRACE (r=0.224,P<0.05).Lp-PLA2 was significantly correlated with Gensini score (r=0.270,P<0.05),and GRACE (r=0.323,P<0.01).③ Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that Lp-PLA2 was independently associated with NSTE-ACS (P<0.05).Conclusion The sCD40L and Lp-PLA2 which were significantly elevated in NSTE-ACS are correlated with the severity of coronary artery disease.The two indexes indicate the instability of atherosclerotic plaque;thus they can be used as predictors of risk assessment in coronary heart disease.

Objective To detect the levels of CD31+/CD42b- and CD144+ endothelial microparticles (EMPs)in plasma,and analyze the relationship with carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT)and the risk factors of atherosclerosis.Methods Totally 122 outpatients and inpatients in our hospital were selected,and carotid artery ultrasound examination was performed.The results were divided into a thickening group (62 cases)and a control group (60 cases).Flow cytometry was used to detect the levels of CD31+/CD42b- and CD144+ EMPs in the blood to analyze the relationship between the level of endothelial cells and CIMT,and to investigate the relationship between the level of plasma EMPs and the risk factors of atherosclerosis.Results Compared with the control group,the levels of EMPs of CD31+/CD42b- and CD144+ were significantly higher.In the correlation analysis, plasma CD31+/CD42b- and CD144+EMPs levels were positively correlated with CIMT;in multi-factor Logistic regression analysis,CD31+/CD42b- EMPs levels were correlated positively with age,TC and Cys C;plasma CD144+ EMPs levels were correlated with UA and BMI.Conclusion The levels of CD31+/CD42b-,CD144+EMPs in plasma were correlated with CIMT,guiding early prevention of cardiovascular diseases.