Purpose;To observe curative effect and side reaction ,histopathology change of dose - dense combinated pharmorubicin with paclitaxel in advanced breast cancer treatment. Methods ;38 patients with advanced breast cancer diagnosed by pathology, which had e-valuation index, pharmorubicin 50mg/m2 ,d1 , intravenous injection,paclitaxel 175mg/m2,d2,intravenous injection,every 2 weeks as 1 course of treatment,after accepted 2 - 4 course of treatment,all patients were evaluated. Results: All patients were followed up,clinical complete remission( CR) 10. 5% , clinical partial remission 71. 1% , total effective rate 81. 6% . effective rate in patents of initial treatment was much higher than that in patients of retreatmen; effective rate in patents of III stage also was much higher than that in patients of IV stage; low leucocyte and Neutropenia appeared III ,IV side reaction,occupying respectively 63.2% and 71. 1% ;7.9% patients febricity owing to low leucocyte were cured by G - CSF and antibiotics,all patients successfully accomplish chemotherapy. Other side reaction,for instance thrombocytopenia.anaemia,nausea and vomiting etc,mostly displayed I , II toxic reaction,but they can be tolerated. After chemotherapy,cancer cells degeneration . cellular necrosis . retrogression and interstitial fibrosis .inflammatory cell infiltration are obviously changed. Conclusion: dose -dense chemotherapy combinated pharmorubicin with paclitaxel in advanced breast cancer treatment, remission rate was much higher and remission rate can be tolerated.

Objective To investigate the efficacy and safety of repeated botulinum toxin type A (BTX-A) treatment for Meige's syndrome in senile people. Methods Forty-eight senile patients with Meige's syndrome received BTX-A treatment for twelve times or over. The improvements of spasm were evaluated before and after the first, the sixth and the twelfth treatment according to Cohen's criteria. The onset time, effective duration and side effects were studied and compared among the three times treatments. Results The obvious effective rate of the three times treatment were all 100%. The average onset time of the three times treatments were (3.5± 1.7)days,(3.2±1.8)days and (3.3±1.9)days, and the average effective duration were (25.4±2.1)weeks,(24.6±2.3)weeks and (25.4±1.8)weeks, respectively. The incidences of side effects were 8. 3% (4/48), 6.3(3/48)%and 8.3%(4/48), respectively. All the differences were not statistically significant(P>0.05). Conclusions Repeated BTX-A treatment is an effective and safe method for Meige's syndrome in senile people.

To study the pharmacokinetics of 5 FU after splenic artery(IA) and auricular vein(IV) infusion, portal vein blood was collected for measurement to appraise the clinical value of treatment with this anti tumor drug via different routes on malignant hepatic neoplasms. 5 FU in portal vein blood was measured with high performance liquid chromatography. The results showed that the concentration of 5 FU in IA group was higher than that in the IV group. The peak concentration of 5 FU in the IA group was higher than that in the IV group by 64%. The area under the curve (AUC) of 5 FU in the IA group was larger than that in the IV group by 42%. It suggested that higher concentration of anti tumor drug in the portal vein could be obtained via splenic artery infusion, and it is valuable for the treatment of malignant hepatic neoplasms.

Objective To investigate the significance of macrophage migration inhibitory factor(MIF) in ovarian endometriosis (OEms).Methods MIF of ectopic endometriumeutopic endometrium in OEms and endometrium in non-endometriosis (30 cases in every group ) was detected by Elivision TM plus immunohistochemical.Quantitative images analytical system was performed with computer to analyze the mean absorbance(A) of MIF.Results The A of MIF in ectopic and eutopic endometrium of OEms and the normal control was respectively ( 0.180 ± 0.013 ),( 0.158 ± 0.022 ) and ( 0.143 ± 0.029 ),there was statistical significance between groups ( F =47.676,P ＜ 0.001 ).The expression of MIF in proliferative phase of eutopic endometrium of OEms was(0.157 ±0.018),extremely stronger than that in the same phase of the normal control (0.146 ± 0.029 ) ( t =2.656,P =0.009 ) ; and MIF in secretory phase of eutopic endometrium of OEms was (0.160±0.028),obviously higher than that in the same phase of the normal control(0.137 ±0.030) (t =3.059,P =0.003).Conclusion The MIF may play a significant role in the pathogenesis and development of ovarian endometriosis.

Objective To investigate the significance of hypoxia inducible factor-1(HIF-1) expression in ovarian endometriosis (Oems). Methods Elivision Tm plus Immunohistochemical and Stereology methods were used to detect HIF-1 expression in 30 cases of ectopic endometrium, 30 cases of eutopic endometrium in ovarian endometriosis and 30 cases of endometrium in ovarian teratoma as the normal control. Quantitative images analysis was performed with the aid of computer to collect and analyze the mean optical density (MOD) of HIF-1 expression. Results The MOD values of HIF-1 in ectopic and eutopic endometrium of Oems and the normal control were 0. 077 ± 0. 014, 0. 070 ± 0. 013 and 0. 061 ± 0. 007 respectively, which showed significantly differences between each other groups(F = 37. 738, P ＜ 0. 01 ＝. HIF-1 expression in proliferative phase (0.076 ±0.007) of eutopic endometrium of Oems was significantly higher than that in secretary phase (0. 059 ±0. 014) (t = 6. 918 ,P ＜0. 01 ＝; which was also significantly higher than that of the normal control in the same phase (0.060±0.007) (t=-12.724,P ＜0.01 ＝.Conclusion HIF-1 may play an important role in the pathogenesis and development of Oems.

Objective To investigate the efficacy and accuracy of quantitative computed tomography (QCT) in assessment of fracture healing. Methods Twenty-four healthy New Zealand rabbits were enrolled in the study and randomly divided into two groups, ie, Croup A (union model group, transverse fracture open created on mid-shaft of tibia and inter-fixed by kirschner wire) and Group B (non-union model group, transverse fracture with 5 mm defect on mid-shaft of tibia open created, then sealed with bone wax on fracture gap and medulla cavity, inter-fixed by kirschner wire). At 2, 4, 8 and 12 weeks, Kirschner wire was withdrawn and plain X-ray and QCT scanning were performed on the bilateral tibia. Then, rabbits were scarified and its bilateral tibia were desected and histologically examined. The result of X-ray and histological analysis was used as the "golden standard" for evaluation of fracture healing. Receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) was used to analyze the evaluation performance of QCT. The corresponding segments of the contralateral healthy tibia were used as control to investigate the change of QCT parameters. Results In Group A, X-ray and histological analysis verified clear fracture line filled with irregular callus at 2 and 4 weeks but proved vague or vanishing fracture line and continuous and intact cortex of irregular callus at 8 and 16 weeks. In Group B, X-ray and histology analysis found clear fracture line with inactive ossification at 2 and 4 weeks but vague fracture line with scarce osteocyte and bone trabecula at 8 and 16 weeks. ROC analysis of QCT results showed the following results; (1) the areas under curve (accuracy) of material parameters including bone mineral density (BMD) and bone mineral content (BMC) were 0.781 and 0.750 respectively; (2) structure parameter-cross-sectional area (CSA) and the area under curve of cross-sectional moment of inertia (CSMI) were 0.781 and 0.469 respectively (P <0.05); (3) the areas under curve of the extending parameters bone strength indices (BSICSA) and CSMI bone strength indices ( BSICSMI) were 0. 913 and 0. 813 respectively (P < 0.05); (4) the area under curve (accuracy) of BSICSA, CSA and BMD were 0.905, 0.921 and 0.905 respectively (P<0.05). Conclusions QCT has potential in distinguishing fracture union and nonunion models in measurement of local fracture pattern. The screening parameters with more accuracy are BSICSA, CSA, BMD, which have advantages of accuracy and specialty in assessing fracture healing.

Objective To observe the sensitivity ofastrocytoma to chemotherapeutic drugs, in order to explore the drug selection using chemosensitivity testing in vitro on astrocytoma. Comparing different WHO grade astrocytoma to chemotherapeutic drugs sensitivity differences,providing the basis data for clinical treatment. Methods The astrocytoma cells were seperated and cultured in vitro from 142 tumor tissues by glioma resection, including 55 cases of low-grade astrocytoma (WHO grade Ⅰ , Ⅱ) and 87 cases of high-grade astrocytoma (WHO grade Ⅲ, Ⅳ). The proliferation inhibition and chemosensitivity of tumor cells to 11 drugs were investigated by using MTT method. Results There were 54.93% (78/142) patients recommended chemotherapeutic drug in 142 cases. The percentage was 41.82%(23/55) in the low-grade astrocytoma, and 63.22% (55/87) in the high-grade astrocytoma respectively. Teniposide,carboplatin,vincristine as the sensitive drugs were similar in different WHO grade astrocytoma. Conclusions The chemosensitivity testing could be used to filtrate sensitive drugs to clinical chemotherapy. The action is more prominent in high-grade astrocytoma than in low-grade astrocytoma. There is no difference in the choice of sensible drugs among different WHO grade astrocytoma.

ObjectiveTo probe into the ultrasonic(US) predictive value for metastasis of the cervical lateral lymph node(LNM) with the preoperative ultrasonic examination in thyroid papillary microcarcinoma (PTMC),then,to further evaluate the significance of the preoperative ultrasonic score (US) for predicting metastasis of the cervical lateral lymph node.Methods From May 2004 to May 2011,165 patients diagnosed as PTMC (the ultrasonic imaging of lymph node showed no lateral LNM) were retrospectively analyzed and the US and final pathological data from the cases were collected to determine the relevant factors and different scores.ResultsThere were significant differences(P ＜ 0.05 )among US characteristics of microcalcification,no well-defined margin,tumor located at the upper pole,the perimeter of the tumor contacted with the adjacent capsule of thyroid being ＞25 ％ and the presence of the cervical lateral lymph nodes metastasis in PTMC between the metastatic group and the non-metastatic group.The total scores of the ultrasonic ≥2.5 was the delimitation value,its sensitivity was 86.2％ and its specificity was 89.7％.ConclusionsThe ultrasonic score has definite value in the differential diagnosis for the metastasis of the cervical lateral node in the patients of no lateral LNM,when the ultrasonic score is larger than 2.5,the possibility of the cervical lateral lymph node metastasis should be noticed.

Objective To find the clinical and histopathological predictive factors for lateral lymph node ( LN ) metastasis in thyroid papillary microcarcinoma( PTMC ).Methods From January 2007 to December 2010,141 patients with PTMC underwent central and lateral LN dissections were enrolled in the study.The data from the cases were analyzed retrospectively to determine the predictive factors for lateral LN metastasis.Results Among the aforementioned cases,37 cases ( 26.2％ ) were PTMC with the presence of multifocality,24 ( 16.9％ ) Hashimoto thyroiditis,84 ( 59.6％ ) central LN metastasis,56 ( 39.7％ ) lateral LN metastasis.Multifocality,central LN metastasis,underlying Hashimoto thyroiditis,and upper pole location were significantly related to lateral LN metastasis in univariate analysis( P＜0.05 ).These four factors were also found to be independent predictive factors for lateral LN metastasis in multivariate analysis( P＜0.05 ).9(6.4％ ) of there patients were found to show skip metastasis in which there was lateral LN metastasis but no central LN metastasis.The upper pole location was statistically significantly associated with skip metastasis.Conclusions Patients with multifocality,central LN metastasis,underlying Hashimoto thyroiditis,and upper pole location should be paid more attention to the status of lateral LN.Skip metastasis occurs in a minority of patients with PTMC.Even if there is no central LN metastasis,patients with upper pole lesion should be searched carefully for the lateral cervical LN metastasis.

Background and purpose:hTERT is indistinct in the effect of neo-adjuvant chemotherapy. Our aim was to detect both expression of hTERT mRNA and protein in breast cancer tissue and their changes after neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Methods:From Feb 2004 to Jun 2007, 53 cases with untreated advanced breast cancer were enrolled. All patients received CEF chemotherapy three cycles. The breast cancer tissue was collected before and after chemotherapy. hTERT mRNA and protein expression were detected by RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry techniques. Results:The positive hTERT mRNA and protein expression in breast cancer tissue before chemotherapy were 77.4% and 73.6% respectively, and after neo-adjuvant chemotherapy were 28.3%,22.6% respectively.The effective rate of the neo-adjuvant chemotherapy of the patients with positive of hTERT expression was higher than those with negative hTERT expression. Conclusion:The chemo-agents altered hTERT gene expression, improved negative rate of hTERT expression. Detecting expression of hTERT gene in breast cancer tissue would be an important index for predicting the effects of neo-adjuvant chemotherapy.