Objective To investigate the effect of fluvastatin sodium on the risk factors of atherosclerosis in patients with previous coronary heart disease.Methods 58 cases meeting the inclusion criteria and diagnosed coronary heart disease history of chlamydial infection were selected and randomly divided into study group and control group, 29 cases in each group, the control group were given routine treatment, study group on the basis of conventional treatment of fluvastatin sodium(20 mg pertime, once daily) treatment.A total of 4 weeks treatment for a course, the blood lipid and vascular endothelial function, matrix metalloproteinases and inflammatory factor levels were determined before and after treatment, and adverse reactions were recorded between the two groups.Results Compared with the control group, the total cholesterol ( TC ) , triglyceride ( TG ) , low density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C) and lipid comprehensive index(LCI) in study group after treatment were lower, the high density lipid-cholesterol(HDL-C) was higher, the soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1(sI-CAM-1) and endothelin-1(ET-1) were lower, the NO was higher, matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1), MMP-9 and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1(TIMP-1) were lower, and tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α), interleukin 1 beta(IL-1β), high-sensitivity c-reactive protein( Hs-CRP ) and IL-6 were lower ( all P <0.05 ).All patients were followed up, only slight gastrointestinal adverse reaction, there was no significant difference in adverse reactions between the two groups.Conclusion The fluvastatin sodium can reduce the blood lipid, the level of matrix metalloproteinases, improve vascular endothelial function and inflammatory state, with high safety.

Objective To evaluate the effect of reference mAs on radiation dose and image quality characteristics of chest CT scanned with CARE kV technique compared with CARE Dose4D.Methods According to the date of examination,158 consecutive patients were selected in our department and randomly divided into 5 groups:CARE Dose4D group (30 cases,group 1); using CARE kV technology,reference mAs were 110 (32 cases),90 (31 cases),70 (33 cases),50 (32 cases),which were recorded asthe group from 2 to 5,respectively.Volume CT dose index (CTDIvol),dose length product (DLP) and the effective dose (ED) were analyzed.CT value and objective image noise were measured in the lungparenchyma and descending aorta.Two radiologists assessed the images for subjective noise,artefacts and diagnostic acceptability.The radiation dose,CT value and objective noise were compared with the analysis of variance,and the difference between two groups was compared with SNK test; the rank sum tests (Kruskal-Wallis) were used in subjective image quality score,and difference between two groups was compared with K-W test.Results The CTDIvol,DLP,ED values in five groups were (7.7±1.7),(7.7±2.0),(5.5±1.4),(4.2±1.5),(2.8±1.2)mGy,(290.7±67.4),(290.1±85.2),(194.2±52.1),(150.7±63.8),(96.5±38.9) mGy· cm,(4.1±0.9),(4.1±1.2),(2.7±0.7),(2.1 ± 0.9),(1.3±0.5) mSv,respectively.There were significant difference among the 5 groups(F=59.305,57.76,57.76,P＜0.01).With the decrease of the reference mAs,the radiation dose decreased significantly.There were no significant difference among the 5 groups on the average CT values of lung parenchyma and descending aorta(F=0.353,0.102,P＞0.05).The objective noise of 5 groups in pulmonary parenchyma and the descending aorta were (48.7 ± 9.1),(49.2 ± 10.0),(55.5± 11.2),(56.5± 8.3),(63.7 ± 13.2) HU; (9.2± 1.6),(9.5 ± 2.1),(10.7 ± 2.6),(11.6 ± 2.7),(13.6 ± 2.6) HU respectively,and the difference was significant(F=10.774,17.157,P＜0.01).Level assessment onsubjective noise of five groups by radiological expertsalso showed the significant difference (U=33.967,P＜0.01),butthe evaluation on motion,streak,blotchy pixellatedartefacts and diagnostic acceptability had no statistical difference (U=8.847,2.054,6.186,5.296,P＞0.05).Conclusion Comparedwith CARE Dose4D,the use of CARE kV technique of suitable reference mAs for unenhanced chest CT can reduce radiation dose significantly with diagnostically acceptable image quality.

OBJECTIVE:To compare the difference of the information about smoking affecting pharmacodynamics and pharma-cokinetics in prescription drug instructions between US and China. METHODS:The US and Chinese guidance for drug R&D and drug instructions editing,prescription drug instructions were collected;the information about smoking affecting pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics were retrieved from FDA drug instruction official website DailyMed and Yaozhi Network in China up to Jun. 19th,2014. The difference in related regulations and drug instruction were compared between US and China. RESULTS & CON-CLUSIONS:The guidance issued by US and China require that great importance should be attached to the effects of smoking on pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics,and it must be noted in drug instructions. Of 62 857 drugs recorded,smoking affected pharmacodynamics and pharmcokinetics of 34 drugs in US drug instructions,among which 9 drugs needed dose modifications;for above drugs,Chinese drug instructions pointed out great importance should be attached to the effect of smoking on pharmacodynam-ics and pharmacokinetics of 6 drugs,and only one drug(erlotinid hydrochloride)needed to be modified. The label rate of smoking affecting pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics was relatively low in Chinese drug instructions compared to US. It is suggested that the regulatory agent should standardize and improve related description in drug instruction,correct unsuitable content,revise the items which may result in severe consequence,and set up official website which can provide all drug instructions as soon as possible. Drug manufacturers should standardize clinical study of drugs before marketing,focus on the scientificity,completeness and normalization of drug instructions.

Objective To study the expression of bivalent DNA vaccine against Schistosoma japonicum in vitro/vivo and lasting time in vivo. Methods The bivalent DNA pVIVO2-SjFABP/Sj23 was transfected transiently into the human embryonic kidney cells of the line 293. RT-PCR was used to detect the expressions of SjFABP and Sj23 mRNA in the 293 cells. Indirect immunofluorescence antibody test(IFAT) was used to detect the expressions of SjFABP and Sj23 proteins. Twelve BALB/c mice were inoculated with pVIVO2-SjFABP/Sj23 via intramuscular injection. Two blood samples were collected from eye sockets and two mice were vivi-perfused each month. This work lasted for 6 months. IFAT was used to detect the expression of proteins in skeletal muscle. Western-blot was used to detect the serum IgG level. Results RT-PCR and IFAT showed the expressions of SjFABP and Sj23 in the HEK-293 cells. IFAT showed SjFABP/ Sj23 was present in vivo at least for 6 months. Special IgG was not detected by Western blot. Conclusions pVIVO2-SjFABP/Sj23, bivalent DNA vaccine, could express correctly in vitro/vivo, and lasts for 6 months at least in vivo.

Objective To explore the role of Kupffer cell-expressed Fas ligand(FasL) on acute pancreatitis(AP),and the protective effect of gadolinium chloride(GdCl3),a Kupffer cell inhibitor,on liver injury during AP.Methods Fifty-four ICR mice were randomly assigned into three groups: healthy control group(n=6);AP group(four time points for observation,6 mice each);Gd+AP group(GdCl3 pretreatment group,four time points for observation,6 mice each).AP was induced in mice using cerulein.Liver parenchymal enzymes(AST,ALT and LDH) and amylase(AMY) were assayed using an automatic analyzer.Serum FasL was assayed with ELISA and FasL protein expression in liver was assayed by Western blotting.Results After induction of AP in mice,the serum levels of AST,ALT,LDH,AMY and liver FasL expression were significantly elevated.Serum FasL levels at 4,8,16 and 24h after AP induction were 505.94?36.21,496.60?33.65,476.64?22.66 and 450.75?38.21,respectively,which were significantly higher than those in healthy control group(83.60?7.75,P

Ginseng root saponins ( GRS ) was extracted from native ginseng.The dosage used was calculated according to the content of saponins.Immunosuppression in mice was induced in 15 days after implar- ting Ehrlich ascites carcinoma (EAC) subcutaneously in armpit, and in 5-11 days after implanting EAC into peritoneal cavity. GRS administered orally 50mg/kg- for 8 days did not prevent the atrophy of the thymus in tumor-bearing mice but rather aggravated it. GRS administered orally 50mg/kg for 14 days partially restored the suppressed phagocytosis of peritoneal macrophages in tumor-bearing mice. GRS administered orally 50mg/kg for 6 days somewhat restored the suppression of hemolysin formation in tumor-bearing mice 5 days after implanting EAC, But GRS given in the same route and dosage for 9 days, showed no effect on the suppression of hemolysin formation. GRS administered orally 50mg/kg for 10 days partially restored the suppression of delayed hypersensitive reaction in tumor-bearing mice.

ObjectiveTo investigate the effects of type-A behavior pattern on intervention of benasepril in patients with essential hypertension.MethodsAccording to the type-A behavior score patients with essential hypertension were divided into two groups:type-A group(n=80)and non-type-A group(n=80).Benazepfil was given to all patients for 3 months with gradual increase of dosage till the blood pressure (Bp)was controlled under 140/90 nlln Hg(1 mm Hg=0.133 kPa).The plasma levels of angiotensin II (Ang Ⅱ)was measured by radioimmunoassay and left yentrieular mass index(LVMI)was examined by ultrasonic echoeardiography(UCG)before and after treatmenL ResultsBefore benazepril treatment.plasma AngⅡ levels and LVMI in type-A group were higher than those in non-type-A group(P＜0.05),but there was no difference in Bp between two groups.Type-A behavior value were positively correlated with Ang Ⅱ and LVMI in two groups,but only Ang Ⅱ level was independent risk factor.Ang II levels were positively correlated with LVMI in two groups and that was more significantly in type-A group(P＜0.05-0.01).After treatment,Bp,plasma Ang Ⅱ and LVMI were all decreased significantly in two groups(P＜0.05-0.01)and Ang Ⅱ and LVMI were decreased more markedly in type-A group(P＜0.05).The variations of Ang Ⅱ and LVMI before and after treatment were positively correlated in two groups.but more markedly in type.A group (P＜0.05-0.01).CondusionCharacters may affect left ventricular hypertrophy in patients with essential hypertension through some stress factors and benazepril has better intervening effect on it.

Objective To explore the influence of type A character on early renal impairment in elderly patients with essential hypertension and the protective effect of benazepril. Methods According to the type A behavior measuring scale, 80 cases with type A character and 80 cases without type A character were screened out from the elderly patients with essential hypertension. The patients received benazepril intervention with incipient dose of 10 mg daily, which increased gradually to the largest does of 20 mg daily within 1 month, The treatment lasted 6 months in order to make the patients achieve the normal blood pressure (BP). The general data, plasma angiotensin Ⅱ (AngⅡ )> urinary albumin excretion rate (UAER) and urinary β2-microglobulin (β2-MG) were measured at pretherapy and post-treatment respectively. Results There were no statistically significant differences at pretherapy between the two groups in age, gender, body mass index (BMI), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine (Cr), systolic pressure and diastolic pressure (all P>0.05). Ang Ⅱ [(60.3±11.6)mg/Lvs (55.8±10.2)mg/L], UAER[(83.3±23.3)μg/min vs. (75.7±16.3)μg/min] and β2-MG [(75.6±24.5)mmol/L vs. (66.0±19.4)mmol/L] were significantly higher in type A character group than in non-type A character group (t=2.598, 2.603, 2.742; P= 0.016,0.012, 0.008). TypeA character value of the two groups showed a positive correlation with Ang Ⅱ (r= 0.361, P=0.002), UAER (r=0.198, P=0.015) and β2-MG (r=0.202, P = 0.021). Only Ang Ⅱ (β=0.291, t=2.793, P= 0.008) was correlated to type A character value independently by multiple stepwise regression analysis. Before treatment in both of the type A character group and the non-type-A character group, there was a positive correlation between Ang II and UAER, (β2-MG, and obvious correlation in type-A character group. The systolic pressure, diastolic pressure, Ang Ⅱ , UREA and β2-MG were all decreased obviously in two groups post treatment. And the variable value of AngⅡ was also positively correlated with UAER (r=0.373, P=0.005; r=0.282, P=0.032), fr-MG (r= 0.385, P=0.003; r= 0.279, P=0.039) before and after treatment. Conclusions Type A character can aggravate injury of early renal function by certain stress systems in the elderly patients with essential hypertension and benazepril has better protective effect for it.

Objective:To determine the risk factor for early stage atherosclerosis in elderly patients with impaired glucose tolerance(IGT).Methods:One hundred patients were divided into 2 groups,experimental group(IGT,n=50)and control group(NGT,n=50).Patients in both groups underwent high-frequency Doppler echocardiography to evaluate intima-media thickness(IMT)of carotid artery and flow-mediated diastolic function(FMD)of brachial artery,which was indicated by diastolic inner diameter changing rate(D %).The values were measured in both groups of including body height,body weight,waist line,hip line,blood pressure,fasting plasma glucose(FPG),two hours plasma glucose(2hPG),fasting insulin(FINS),triglyceride(TG),total cholesterol(TC),low density lipoprotein-cholesterol(LDL-C),high density lipoprotein-cbolesterel(HDL-C),high sensitive C-reactive protein(hs-CRP),nitrogen monoxidum(NO),body mass index(BMl),waist-to-hip ratios(WHR),and insulin resistance index with homeostasis model(HOMA-IR).The association between all of the parameters and IMT,and the risk factors for the carotid artery were analysed in IGT group.Results:The values of BMI,WHR,2hPG,TG,LDL-C,hs-CRP,FINS and IMT of carotid artery were significantly increased in IGT group compared with those of the NGT group.Conversely,NO,HOMA-IR and D% were significantly decreased in IGT group than those of NGT group(P ＜ 0.05 or P ＜ 0.01).There was positive correlation between carotid-IMT and the age,BMI,WHR,2hPG,TC,LDL-C,hs-CRP and HOMA-IR in IGT group(P ＜0.05 or P ＜ 0.01).Inversely,there was negative correlation between carotid-IMT with D% in IGT group(P ＜ 0.01).The risk factors for carotid-IMT were age,WHR,HOMA-IR and D%.Conclusion:Elderly patients with IGT have already had risk factors for early stage atherosclerosis,including age,concentric obesity,insulin resistance,and impaired endothelial function.

Objective: To investigate the effect of type-A character on endothelial function in the elderly. Methods:According to type-A character scale of Zhang Baiyuan, type-A character group and non-type-A character group were screened from the normal elderly, 60 eases for each respectively. Flow-mediated diastolic function of brachial artery was examined by high-frequency eehocardiography, which was reflected by diastolic inner diameter changing rate (D %). Other parameters included height, weight, body mass index (BMI), systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP and DBP), fasting blood glucose (FPG), triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol(TC), low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C), nitric oxide (NO), endothelin (ET)and angiotensin Ⅱ (AngⅡ). All of the parameters and the scores of type-A character were compared and analyzed between the two groups. ResultS:(1) The levels of SBP and DBP were significantly higher in type A character group than those of non-type A character group (P＜0.05). There were no significant differences in values of FPG, TC, TG and LDL-C between two groups (P＞0.05). (2) The values of D% and NO were significantly lower in type A character group than those of non-type-A character group (P＜0.05 ). The values of Ang Ⅱand ET were significantly higher in type-A character group than those of non-type-A group (P＜0.05 ). (3)Pearson correlation analysis indicated that the scores of type-A character were positively correlated with Ang Ⅱ, ET, SBP and DBP (P＜0.05, P＜0.01), but negatively correlated with D% and NO (P＜0.05). Multiple linear stepwise regression analysis showed that only Ang Ⅱwas an independent risk factor for type-A character. Conclusion:h was showed that the increased Ang Ⅱinduced by abnormal activation of reunin-angiotensin-aldosteerone system (RAAS)may be the main mechanism of endothelial dysfunction in the eldedy with type-A character.