ObjectiveTo observe the clinical efficacy of of mouse nerve growth factor and Safflower Flavin on elderly diabetic patients safflower flavin cerebral infarction. Methods 80 elderly diabetic patients with cerebral infarction were randomly divided into treatment group and control group.The control group was treated with oxygen, dehydrating agent,controlling blood sugar,maintaining electrolyte balance,aspirin and injecting safflower flavin. On the basis of control group,the treatment group was given rat nerve growth factor. Before and after treatment two weeks,clinical symptoms and neurological function of patients were estimated. Resuts There were statistical significant differences in the clinical symptoms and neurological function of patients before and after treatment. ConclusionIt is an effective treatment with mouse nerve growth factor and safflower flavin on elderly diabetic patients with cerebral infarction and it is worthy of spreading in the clinic.

Objective To evaluate the usefulness of atropine in decreasing the number of tests with ineonclusire results in patients with a poor ehronotropic response or exercise capacity during treadmill stress testing(TET).Methods The study comprised 80 patients undergoing TET.In subjects experiencing fatigue at submaximal exercise,atropine was administered in doses of 0.5mg per minute until the test conclusion(positive test results or target heart rate aehieyed)or until a maxium dose of 2mg was administered and some exercise during no use atropine 64 patients control group compare observe.Results 80 patients reguired atropine(mean dose,1mg)during the study;proceeded to achieve their target heart rate(n=68,85%)or positive test results(n=45,56%)the mean increase in heart rate after atropine administration was(25±11)beats/min(range 5～54 beats/min).Atropine administration resulted in conclusive tests more often in subjects with poor chronotropic response than in subjects with poor exercise capacity was 56% vs not receiving atropine 22%(P＜0.01).Conclusion The use of atropine as adjunct to standard TET can help decrease the number of inconclusive teats.

Objective To explore the role of metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs)group Ⅲ and its subtypes mGluR7 and mGluR8 in nucleus tractus solitarius(NTS)in cardiac-somatic motor reflex (CMR),and to clarify the modulation role of mGluR Ⅲ and its subtypes in NTS in cardiac nociceptoion.Methods 40 SD rats were randomly divided into L-AP4 group,microinjection of mGluRs Ⅲ agonist L-AP4 0.1,1.0,10.0 or 20.0 nmol in NTS;AMN082 group,microinjection of mGluR7 agonist AMN082 1,2 or 4 nmol;DCPG group,microinjection of mGluR8 agonist DCPG 4, 6 or 8 nmol;MSOP group, microinjection of mGluR Ⅲ antagonist MSOP 20 or 100 nmol,20 nmol MSOP+410 nmol L-AP,20 nmol MSOP+2 nmol AMN082,20 nmol MSOP+6 nmol DCPG. The changes of CMR of the rats in various groups were observed.Results Compared with control,the CMR in L-AP4 and AMN082 groups was decreased (P<0.05);the CMR in DCPG group was increased (P<0.05);the CMR in MSOP group after injection of 20 nmol MSOP had no change (P>0.05);the CMR in MSOP group after injection of 100 nmol MSOP was increased (P<0.05);the CMR in MSOP group after injection of 20 nmol MSOP followed L-AP4 or AMNO82 had no change (P>0.05).Conclusion The group Ⅲ mGluRs in the NTS play an inhibitory role in cardiac nociception, and mGluR7 has anti-nociceptive effects while mGluR8 has pro-nociceptive effects.

Objective To study the role of glutamate receptor subtypes in nucleus tractus solitarius(NTS)in cardiac-somatic motor reflex (CMR)induced by intrapericardial administration of capsaicin,and to clarify the modulation mechanism of NTS to cardiac nociceptoion.Methods 60 SD rats were randomly divided into ibotenic (IBO)group, glutamate group, MK-801 group, MCGP group, MK-801 + MCPG group and DNQX group. The NTS microinjected with 130 mmol·L-1 IBO 100 nL,100,200,500 mmol·L-1 L-glutamate 100 nL,NMDA receptor antagonist 40 and 60 mmol · L-1 MK-801 100 nL, metabotropic glutamate receptors antagonist 25 and 50 mmol·L-1 MCPG 100 nL,25 mmol· L-1 MCPG 50 nL plus 40 mmol· L-1 MK-801 50 nL,non-NMDA receptor antagonist 20 and 50 mmol·L-1 DNQX 100 nL,respectively.The changes of CMR of the rats in various groups were observed.Results Compared with control group,the CMR of the rats in IBO group was decreased (P<0.05);the CMR was increased as the concentration increased in glutamate group(P<0.05);the CMR in MK-801 and MCPG groups were decreased (P<0.05);the CMR in MK-801+MCPG group was decreased (P<0.05);the CMR in DXQX group had no changes (P>0.05).Conclusion NTS play an facilictory role in cardiac nociception,and the NMDA receptors and mGluRs receptors mediate this facilitory modulation.

There is increasing evidence that microcirculation hypoxia plays an important role in pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).Hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs)are transcriptional factors that serve as master regulators in ischemic and hypoxia injuries.Aims:To investigate the effect of HIF-2αon dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis in mice and its possible mechanism.Methods:Mx-Cre/LoxP recombination system was utilized to establish a conditional HIF-2αgene knockout (HIF-2α-/-)mouse model.C57BL/6,HIF-2α+/+and HIF-2α-/-mice were randomly allocated into DSS colitis group and water drinking group,respectively.Experimental colitis was induced by treatment with 4% DSS in drinking water for 7 days,and the disease activity index (DAI)was assessed daily.Mice in each group were sacrificed on day 1,3,5 and 7 in batch;the histopathological changes of colonic tissue were observed, and mRNA expressions of HIF-2αand tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)were measured by real-time PCR.Results:During model establishment,expression of HIF-2αmRNA in colonic tissue was elevated in C57BL/6 and HIF-2α+/+DSS colitis groups,and the DAI and colonic inflammatory score were significantly higher than those in C57BL/6 water drinking group (P<0.05 on day 5 and day 7).Compared with HIF-2α+/+DSS colitis group,HIF-2α-/-DSS colitis group had more severe colonic inflammatory injury and the DAI and inflammatory score were further increased (P all<0.05,except the inflammatory score on day 7);expression of TNF-αmRNA in colonic tissue was also increased significantly in HIF-2α-/-DSS colitis group (P<0.05 on day 5 and day 7).Conclusions:HIF-2αmay ameliorate colonic inflammatory injury in mice with DSS colitis via inhibition of TNF-αexpression.

Objective To explore the association of expression of apoptosis-associated gene BAK and cFLIP with the biological behaviors in endometriosis. Methods The expression of BAK and cFLIP protein gene in eutopic and ectopic tissue samples from 40 cases with pathologically confirmed ovarian endometriosis and 40 cases with pathologically confirmed normal endometrium was detected by immunohistochemical method. Results ①The expression of BAK and cFLIP protein gene was found in three groups of different endometrial tissue. ②The expression of BAK protein gene was increased gradually in ectopic endometrial , eutopic endometrium and normal tissue and there was significantly difference between every two groups ,while cFLIP was contrary expressed (P <0.05); ③In normal endometrium, The expression of BAK protein gene in secretory phase was higher than that in proliferative phase (P < 0.05), while cFLIP was contrary expressed, in eutopic endometrium and ectopic endometrial tissue , The expression of BAK and cFLIP protein gene in secretive phase showed no statistically significant difierence with that in proliferative phase (P > 0.05). ④The expression of BAK protein gene in severe group (Ⅲ-Ⅳ period) is lower than mild group both in eutopic or ectopic endometrial tissues,while cFLIP was contrary expressed (P < 0.05). ⑤The expression of BAK and cFLIP was negatively correlated with each other in ectopic endometrium (r=-0.389,P< 0.05). Conclusion BAK and cFLIP was negatively expressed in EMS, which may take a part in the endometrial apoptosis and disorderly proliferation. BAK and cFLIP may play an important role in the the diagnosis and treatment of endometriosis.

Objective To evaluate the curative effect of coenzyme complex and potassium magnesium aspartate on the restoration of rhythm and anti-arrhythmia in postoperative valve replacement patients for rheumatic heart disease.Methods Eight two patients with rheumatic heart disease were randomized into 2 groups,with no statistical significance in the patients' parameters.Treatment group A (n =41 )received i.v.coenzyme complex and potassium magnesium aspartate 30 ml during operation.Group B ( n =41 ) were only given potassium magnesium aspartate 30 ml.Other conventional therapies were the same for the two groups.At the same time,rate of spontaneous restoration of rhythm and severe arrhythmia incidences and low cardiac output syndrome were also recorded.Results The rate of spontaneous restoration of rhythm in the treatment group were higher than that in the control group ( 97.56％ vs 80.49％,x2 =6.12,P =0.01 ).There were significant differences in the severe ventricular tachycardia,ventricle fibrillation and auricular flutter events between the 2 groups ( 19.51％ vs 41.46％,x2 =4.67,P =0.03 ).The rate of low cardiac output in the treatment group were lower than that in the control group( 14.63％ vs 36.58％.x2 =5.18,P =0.02).To evaluate the effect of combination therapy on the spontaneous restoration of rhythm,Logistic regression analysis showed that OR( odds ratio) value was 9.69 and 95％ CI( confidence interval) was 1.15 - 81.55 ( P =0.03 ).Other variables affecting the spontaneous restoration of rhythm included the time of aortic obstruction( OR =9.28,95％ CI 1.21 - 78.18,P =0.02) and cardiac function before operation ( OR =4.95,95％ CI 1.27 - 17.88,P =0.02),operating time (OR=3.99,95％CI 1.18- 11.62,P =0.04),age(OR=2.77,95％CI1.11 -9.74,P=0.04).Conclusion Combined administration of coenzyme complex and potassium and magnesium aspartate in the operation of valve replacement in patients with rheumatic heart disease is able to promote the spontaneous heart rhythm restoration and reduce the chance of severe ventricular tachycardia and low cardiac output events.

Objective To evaluate the influence of preoperation medical treatment on recurrence of atrial fibrillation(AF) in valve replacement postoperative patients of rheumatic heart disease during in-hospital and other risk factors. Methods One-hundred and eight patients with rheumatic heart disease and AF that underwent valve replacement postoperative patients were randomly divided into 2 groups: the treatment group (n =54)and the control group (n = 54 ). The treatment group were treated with ranipril, felodipine and simvastatin for 1 month and other conventional preoperational treatments before operation . The control group were only treated conventional preoperational therapy. Occurrence of AF postoperation were observed during inhospital. Results The occurrence of atrial fibrillation of the two group was no difference( 35.85% vs 41.51%,P = 0.55) immediately after rebeat. There was significant difference in the occurrence of atrial fibrillation of the 2 groups within 24 h post-operation ( 47.17% vs 69.81%, P = 0.02 ) . Logistic regression showed that intervention before operation had significant effect on the occurrence of AF( OR =0.39,95% CI: 0.17 -0.86,P =0.018) ,as well as the diameter of left atrium (LAD) ( OR= 4.28,95% CI:1.12 - 18.23, P = 0.018 ),pulmonary artery pressure(PAP) ( OR = 3.28,95% CI: 1.14 - 12.25, P = 0.01 ), duration of atrial fibrillation (AFD) (OR = 4.19,95% CI: 1.15 -14.22,P = 0.011). ROC curve showed that the best cut-off of LAD was 46.5 mm to predict AF,with sensitivity of 73% and specify of 85% ;the best cut-off of PAP was 48.5 mm Hg,with sensitivity of 75.6% and specify of 80.3% ;the best cut-off of AFD was 7. 5 months,with sensitivity of 76.1% and specify of 88.3%. Conclusion The recurrence of AF can be effectively reduced during hospitalization by the preoperational triple treatments for patients with rheumatic heart disease successfully underwent valve replacement operation , which is also beneficial for maintenance of sinus rhythm after operation.

Objective To assess whether the Couinaud's segmengtation of the liver in transaxial imaging is an accurate indicator of hepatic segment with 16-slice spiral CT hepatic portography and venography.Methods One hundred healthy subjects underwent 16-slice spiral CT hepatic portography and venography.Three-dimensional maximum intensity projection(MIP) and volume rendering(VR) of the portal and hepatic venous structures were created.The portal and hepatic vein branches were observed and the relationship between portal and hepatic veins was evaluated with tracking the branches of portal vein.Results Segmental branches of portal vein supplied correspondingly hepatic segment,and hepatic vein and its branches located between adjacent hepatic segments.Branches of portal vein could cross the adjacent hepatic vein.The boundaries of hepatic segments were not simple straight lines or flat planes.Conclusion Couinaud's segmengtation of the liver in transaxial imaging has limitations.Three-dimension(3D) angiography of portal and hepatic venous systems can be applied to divide hepatic segment accurately.Hepatic segment analyzed by tracking the branches of portal vein is of more clinical value.

Objective To study the architecture of the subpleural pulmonary microvasculature and its functional relationship in the bactrian camel. Methods The replica scanning electron microscopic method was used. Results According to their continuous branches,the subpleural pulmonary microvasculatures were recognized into four grades: arteriole,terminal arteriole,precapillary arteriole and capillary.The subpleural pulmonary capillaries generally came from the subpleural precapillary arteriole and communicated each other to form the subpleural pulmonary capillary network.Sometimes,the subpleural terminal arteriole directly gave rise to capillaries to unite with the subpleural pulmonary capillary network.The network was loose,in which the diameter of the mesh was larger than that of the capillary,and the mesh was often hexagon and pentagon in appearance.There were obvious imprints of the smooth muscles on the surface of the casts of the subpleural pulmonary arteriole,the terminal arteriole and the precapillary arteriole.On the surface of the casts of the subpleural pulmonary capillary,there were obvious imprints of the endothelial nuclei as well.In addition,the broad and different level communications were found among the pulmonary interstitial capillary and subpleural pulmonary microvasculature.Conclusion There were no significant differences on the architecture of the subpleural pulmonary microvasculature between the bactrian camel and other kind of mammals.