OBJECTIVE:To study the correlation between the usage and dosage of inhalations and the adverse drug reactions and the effect of pharmacetical care. METHODS:Aimed at the usage and dosage of inhalations,intervention was adopted in drug use of patients. RESULTS:The occurrence of the adverse drug reactions of inhalations was associated with patients' poor knowledge about correct usage of drugs. CONCLUSION:Clinical pharmacists' intervention on patients' use of inhalations achieves satisfactory outcome.

Implant supported denture is a new technical method to renovate lost tooth.The study is to evaluate how to ensure patient's interest in the process of implant supported denture on the view of medical ethics.High sense of responsibility and masterly skill and right oral health education are the key to ensure the success of implant supported denture.

BACKGROUND: Lung cancer keeps the first place in malignant tumor death all along. It is quite necessary to clarify the situation and tendency change of residents' lung cancer death for formulating prevention and cure strategy.OBJECTIVE: To investigate the lung cancer death characteristics, death trend and result out potential life loss of the residents in urban areas of Xuzhou.DESIGN: A retrospective descriptive epidemiology study.SETTING: Center for Disease Prevention and Control of Xuzhou.PARTICIPANTS: Totally 3 890 cases died of lung cancer between 1990 and 2003 in the urban areas of Xuzhou city. METHODS: Residents' lung cancer death characteristics and potential life span loss situation with parameters of crude death rate, standardized death rate, age specific death rate and potential life span loss and other indexes of the residents in the urban areas of Xuzhou city in 1990 and 2003were described.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ①Crude death rate of lung cancer;②Potential life span loss; ③Life lost rate.RESULTS: ①During 14 years period , 3 890 cases of lung cancer death happened ,which accounted for 27.43% of total cases of malignant tumor death; ② year average death rate was 28.31/100 thousand, standardized death rate was 24.88/100 thousand, residents' potential life span loss caused by lung cancer death accounted for 24 230 people per year③ life decreasing rate was 1.19/1 000, standardized life decreasing rate was 1.45/1 000, each case of lung cancer death resulted in potential life loss of 6.23 years; males' death rate was higher than females'(x2=575.70,P ＜ 0.01), the ratio of male to female was 2.31:1. Age specific death rate of male and female after 20 years of age increased in an exponential manner.CONCLUSION: Lung cancer is the most serious malignant tumor that threatens the life health of residents in urban areas of Xuzhou city; the potential life span loss caused by lung cancer is very big. The amount of carcinogenic substances exposed in environments is closely related to the occurrence of lung cancer; therefore, prevention and control of lung cancer should be performed actively.

Objective To study the type, characteristics, common complications of the cranio-cerebral injury and assessment for the body impairment in victims involved in road traffic accidents. Method Data from 862 cases with cranio-cerebral injury in road traffic accidents were collected and were statistically analyzed according to injured body part, complication, the type of complications and the severity of injury. Results Compound cranio-cerebral injuries were sustained in 276 cases, brain contusion in 192 cases, skull fracture in 79 cases, intracranial hemorrhage in 91 cases, and scalp injury in 224 cases. The chief complications were identified as hydrocephalus (19,2.20%), epilepsy (l6,1.86%), hemiplegia (14, 1.62%), decerebrate cortical syndrome (12,1.39%). Conclusion Among the cranio-cerebral injuries sustained in the road traffic accidents, compound injury was the commonest insult, in which serious cerebral contusion was the major type of injury. The complications following cranio-cerebral injury should be diagnosed strictly according to the diagnostic standard and identification time, which should be differentiated from the other related diseases.

Objective To observe the therapeutic efficacy and safety of acupuncture and epidural anesthesia during full-term labor. Method A total of 199 eligible subjects experiencing natural labor were randomized into four groups. The acupuncture group was intervened by acupuncture at acupoints; the epidural group was given epidural anesthesia;the combined analgesia group was given acupuncture at acupoints plus epidural anesthesia; the control group was not given any interventions for analgesia. The Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) was adopted to record and compare labor pain (cervix dilation 3 cm at 0 min, 30 min, and 60 min, and at full cervix dilation); meanwhile, the active period of the first stage of labor, cervix dilation speed, the second stage of labor, Caesarean section (C-section) rate, instrumental delivery rate, Apgar score, and post-labor bleeding amount (2 h) were also recorded. The contents of blood β-endorphin (β-EP) and 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) were monitored during the first stage of labor. Result Compared with the control group, the VAS scores dropped in the other three groups, and the decreases were similar in the epidural group and combined analgesia group, while the decrease in the acupuncture group was the least significant. Regarding the labor-related indexes, the cervix dilation speed was higher in the acupuncture group than in the control group(P<0.05), while there was no significant difference between the acupuncture group and control group in comparing the duration of the second labor stage(P>0.05). There were no significant between-group differencesin comparing the post-labor bleeding amount and Apgar score of the new-born babies(P>0.05), but compared with the epidural group, there was no use of assisted delivery. The content of blood β-EP during the first stage of labor increased in the acupuncture group and combined analgesic group(P<0.05), but there were no significant changes in the epidural group and control group(P>0.05). Conclusion Acupuncture analgesia can reduce labor pain and shorten labor duration without affecting the second stage of labor and security-related indexes.

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the clinical feature of drug-induced acute renal failure(ARF).METHODS:285 ARF cases retrieved from CBMdisc and CNKI between Jan.1995 and Dec.2007 were analyzed statistically.RESULTS:Of the 285 drug-induced ARF cases reviewed,186 were male and 99 female.The drugs induced ARF totalled 50 kinds,leading the list in order were mannitol,acyclovir,dopamine,rifampicin,gentamicin,and dextran 40 etc;242(84.91%)received medicine by intravenous drip route.ARF appeared more often from day 1 to 5 after drug use;251 were cured(88.07%),6 took a favorable turn(2.11%),5 discharged from hospital automatically(1.75%),4 developed chronical renal failure(1.40%)and 24 died(8.42%).CONCLUSION:Lots of medicines and common drugs can induce ARF,with incidence rate of drug-induced ARF increased increasingly,however,which has a satisfactory prognosis if with timely and accurate diagnosis and suitable treatment.

Objective To detect nuclear DNA degradation of bone marrows and brains in rat cadavers at different temperatures,and develop a new parameter for estimating early postmortem interval(PMI).Methods The brain and bone marrow were taken out for every 4h,during 0~40h after death at 10℃ and 20℃,respectively.And the single cell gel electrophoresis(SCGE) was carried out to detect the nuclear DNA degradation.Linear regression analysis was used to assay the relationship of the comet parameter HeadDNA%,Tail Length(TL) and Olive TailMoment(TM) with PMI.Results Different decline degrees of comet HeadDNA% were found in both brain cells and bone marrow cells after death,the decline of HeadDNA% in brain cells at 20℃ was faster.Compared with degradation in marrow cells,the linear relation between degradation of brain cells and PMI was better.Conclusion with that of comet parameters TL and TM,the perfect linear relationship between HeadDNA% and PMI was also observed.Conclusion Brain tissues are more suitable for PMI estimation by detecting degradation of DNA with SCGE.The HeadDNA% is more valuable for PMI estimation than TL and TM.

Objective To isolate and identify the pathogenic bacterial strain Myroides odoratus from municipal sewage in Zhenjiang city.Methods With selective medium,a pathogenic bacterial strain JD23 was isolated from the city sewage.Combining the modern molecular biology technology methods and bioinformatics methods,its taxonomic status was confirmed by 16S rDNA gene sequence homologous analysis and phylogenetic tree.The traditional experiments of physiology,biochemistry and morphology were also studied.Results Strain JD23 exhibited the highest levels(98%) of similarity to the Myroides odoratus M58777.2.Combining all the results of several methods and morphological observation,strain JD23 was finally identified as the bacterial classification Myroides odoratus.Conclusion There was a pathogenic microorganism,Myroides odoratus,in municipal sewage of Zhenjiang city.

Objective To assess the value of prenatal ultrasonography in diagnosing fetal absent pulmonary valve syndrome(APVS). Methods This was a retrospective study of 8 fetuses with absent pulmonary valve syndrome. Fetal echocardiography and segmental analysis were used to determine the atrial situs,atrioventricular connections and ventriculoarterial relationships. Cardiac chamber dimensions,Doppler studies of the atrioventricular valve and semilunar value were recorded, and cardiothoracic ratio were calculated. Results Levocardia,normal situs and atrioventricular connections were present in all cases. All cases showed typical signs:severe dilatation of the pulmonary trunk and it's branches, and concurrent occurrence of pulmonary valve stenosis and regurgitation. In 6/8 there was an associated ventricular septal defect,overriding aorta and absent arterial duct(Fallot-like APVS),while in 2/8 there was an assoiciated intact ventricular septal and patent arterial duct. Extracardiac malformations were detected in 5 cases.Conclusions APVS can be accurately diagnosed by prenatal ultrasonography but we should pay more attention to the ventricular septal and arterial duct,due to the existence of two variants.

Objective Review the epidemiology, injuries and assessments for body impairment on the injured children and teenagers in road traffic accidents (RTAs). Methods The data of 256 cases of assessment for body impairment of the injured children and teenagers in RATs was studied retro spectively. Results Boys were injured more than girls, mainly 6-18 years of age. RATs occurred mostly in 10-12a.m and 4-6p.m. The types of vehicles were mostly car and wagon. The commonest accidents were injury of pedestrians. The sites of injures were mainly head and extremities, the commonest injures were fracture, contusion and wound, the degree of internal organ injuries was relatively slight, the fracture of lower extremities was far more often than the upper extremities. Most of the injuries were assessed to be of medial injury. In most of the cases the rate of disability was evaluated to be lighe (33.2%), in which Ⅸ , Ⅹ grade were the commonest. Conclusion The criterion of assessment for body impairment of the injured in RTAs should be broadened properly, some special items for children and teenagers should be added.