Prader-Willi syndrome is a rare genetic disorder characterized by hypotonia,poor feeding in infancy,hyperphagia with evolving obesity,hypogonadism,decreased adult height,and cognitive and behavioral disabilities.Recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH) has been used in treating Prader-Willi syndrome,and it has achieved good results.Several aspects still need to be concerned,including evaluation before rhGH treatment,age at treatment initiation,dosing,monitoring of potential side effects,tolerability,endpoint,response evaluation,use of adjunct therapies,and issues of consent.

OBJECTIVE To know the risk factors about lung infection in patients after tracheal intubation general anesthesia and take control measures.METHODS All the patients with tracheal intubation general anesthesia from Jan to Dec in 2007 were investigated retrospectively.RESULTS Among 2914 operation cases,471 cases were of tracheal intubation general anesthesia and 95 cases were infected(20.17%).The infection rate was 5.38%(24 hours).Sputum culture: G-bacteria accounted for 57.65%,G+ bacteria 28.83%,fungi(13.52%).CONCLUSIONS The infection rate increase with longer intubation time.Mechanical ventilation is a risk factor of lung infection.The measures to control infection include shortening intubation hours,reducing mechanical ventilation and strictly sterilization and isolation.

Objective To investigate the role of cell mediated immunity in HBV infection.Methods tive responses of peripheral blood mononuclear cell(PBMC)to hepatitis B virus antigen HBcAg,HBehg and HBsAg were studied in 20 patients with acute hepatitis B and 23 patients with chronic hepatitis B as well as 20 heath normal donrors.Results Patients with acute hepatitis B showed stronger proliferative responses of PBMC to HBV antigen than patients with chronic hepatitis B as wdl as normal donors.The responses to HBcAg and HBeAg were stronger than that to HBsAg in both acute and chronic group.It was also found that cellular pro|ifertive response,which showed no correlation with ALT level,was significantly increased in the patients with HBV DNA+or/and HBeAg+.Conclusion The results indicate that cellular immune responses to HBV antigens exist in peripheral blood of patients with hepatitis B and potentially play an essential role not only in eliminating virus but also in the pathogenesis of hepatitis B.

Patients on Porcelain-fused-to-metal restorations of vital teeth are increasingly year by year, this article mainly discusses the psychological characteristics of adult on porcelain-fused-to-metal restorations of vital teeth on the view of medical ethics.It is helpful to lighten patients’burden and complete treatment successfully by improving the qualities of dentists and giving patients psychological guidance.

Objective To study the course of development of aneurysm of abdominal aorta (AAA) with nonsurgical treatment in senile patients. Methods 37 subjects were included in the study, and they were divided into 3 groups according to the size of aneurysm observed at the first visit. The diameter of aneurysm was measured, and the measurement was repeated at periodic follow up. The yearly increase of the diameter was calculated and analyzed. Results For the 37 patients, the AAA mean diameter was 4.68cm at the first visit. The period of follow-up was 0.5 to 11 years, with a mean of 6.1 years. The average yearly increase in tumor diameter was 0.47cm/year. 14 patients with aneurysm diameter of 6.0cm had an average increase of 0.67cm/year. 5 patients died during the follow-up period, 2 of them died of rupture of the aneurysm, the diameter of which was 8.35cm and 8.91cm, respectively. Endoaneurysmorrhaphy with stent was performed in 7 patients. Conclusion The size of AAA in the senile patients increased slowly if the aneurysm diameter is 6.0 cm, the tumor size might increase quickly, and active intervention is recommended.

Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) is a multisystemic complex genetic disorder caused by the lack of expression of genes associated with the 15q11.2-q13 region of the paternal chromosome.There are three main types of genetic mechanisms, deletion of the paternal critical region, maternal uniparental disomy and imprinting center defect.Genetic counseling can be carried out based on different genetic mechanisms of PWS, both re-fertility assessments and prenatal diagnoses were performed on couples whose children have already had the disease.The pathogeny and mechanism of PWS are complex.The rapid development of molecular genetics and related research have provided a basis for further understanding of this disease.In this paper, the advances in the genetics of PWS were reviewed.

Objective To investigate the role of mismatch repair gene hMLH1 in pancreatic carcinoma and its clinicopathological significance.Methods hMLH1 was extracted from 60 cases of pancreatic carcinoma tissues and 60 cases of normol pancreatic tissues.hMLH1 expression in pancreatic carcinoma and normal tissues was detected by SP immunohistochemical staining.Results The strong,weak and loss expression of hMLH1 in pancreatic carcinoma tissues and normal pancreatic tissues was 0 vs 83.33％ (50/60),31.7％ (19/60)vs 16.67％ (10/60),and 68.3％ (41/60) vs 0 respectively.The protein expression of hMLH1 was not related to patient's age,tumor location,or pathological types (P ＞ 0.05),but it was related to lymph node metastasis (x2 =8.579,P =0.004),clinical stage (x2 =9.586,P =0.002) and pathological differentiation (x2 =20.372,P =0.001).Conclusion The loss expression of hMLH1 has a correlation with pancreatic carcinogenesis,differentiation degree,and disease progression.

Objective:The non targeted high-throughput urine metabolomics technology was used to study the pathogenesis of APP/PS 1 double transgenic mice and the mechanism of action of Gouteng san.Methods:5-month-old APP/PS 1 double transgenic mice were test with Morris water maze for spatial learning ability.Then we employed the non targeted high-throughput urine metabolomics technology to study the pathogenesis of APP/PS1 double transgenic mice based on the metabolic network.The focus investigation of the key pathways and the observation of the treatment by Morris water maze and metabolic level have been used after spatial learning ability damaged confirmed.Results:The comparison between APP/PS1 double transgenic mice and normal mice suggested that a significant longer was existed in former,which was call-back by Gouteng san.With the non targeted high-throughput urine metabolomics analysis and pathway focused analysis,we found certain signals from metabolic profiling,which was identified to be 6 biomarkers associated with learning and memory function by mass spectrometry analysis or authoritative database.Respectively,they were taurine,pteroylglutamic acid,neopterin,glutaurine,2-oxoglutarate and dihydroneopterin.They were mainly related to taurine metabolism and folate metabolism and represented an effective callback.Conclusion:Gouteng san possess a favorable effect on learning and memory ability of APP/PS1 double transgenic mice,6 biomarkers may be a potential target for the pathogenesis of APP/PSI double transgenic mice and provide experimental basis for the study of Gouteng san.

OBJECTIVE To understand environmental factors which cause nosocomial infection in ICU. METHODS Air sampling adopted by plain board exposure and hand and object appearance by cotton wool method according to Disinfection Technique Regulation published by Ministry of Health. RESULTS From 289 samples, 182 were qualified and pass ratio was 62.98%. Staphylococcus aureus and mixed opportunistic pathogens were the main bacteria on the air and objects. CONCLUSIONS Through monitoring and analyzing environmental factors of ICU nosocomial infection, to control the prevalence and outbreak of ICU nosocomial infection as well as reduce the chance of infection.

Obturators made of super soft liner thermosetting resin for 59 patients with fenestrated mandibular cyst were regulated according to cystic sizes.Cystic sizes and bone repair were detected by panoramic radiograph and CT 3,6 and 12 months after operation.In all patients,the cystic areas had higher bone mineral density than before,and cystic sizes dereased.32 patients had more than 50％ new bone formation in cystic areas,and cystic areas of 17 patients entirely disappeared without the need of secondary scale.