Objective To assess the value of prenatal ultrasonography in diagnosing fetal absent pulmonary valve syndrome(APVS). Methods This was a retrospective study of 8 fetuses with absent pulmonary valve syndrome. Fetal echocardiography and segmental analysis were used to determine the atrial situs,atrioventricular connections and ventriculoarterial relationships. Cardiac chamber dimensions,Doppler studies of the atrioventricular valve and semilunar value were recorded, and cardiothoracic ratio were calculated. Results Levocardia,normal situs and atrioventricular connections were present in all cases. All cases showed typical signs:severe dilatation of the pulmonary trunk and it's branches, and concurrent occurrence of pulmonary valve stenosis and regurgitation. In 6/8 there was an associated ventricular septal defect,overriding aorta and absent arterial duct(Fallot-like APVS),while in 2/8 there was an assoiciated intact ventricular septal and patent arterial duct. Extracardiac malformations were detected in 5 cases.Conclusions APVS can be accurately diagnosed by prenatal ultrasonography but we should pay more attention to the ventricular septal and arterial duct,due to the existence of two variants.

Objective To study the application of 3％ hypertonic saline (HS) in patients with severe craniocerebral injury after operation.Methods Sixty-eight cases with severe craniocerebral injury after operation were divided by random digits table method into HS group and control group with 34 cases each.The patients in control group were treated with 125 ml 20％ mannitol every 6 hours or 8 hours.The patients in HS group were given conventional mannitol and added with 130 ml 3％ HS every 12 hours or 8 hours through fast intravenous drip altemated with mannitol.The levels of intracranial pressure (ICP),mean arterial pressure (MAP),central venous pressure (CVP) were recorded within 6 hours,12 hours,24 hours of the 1st day,24 hours of the 2nd day,24 hours of the 3rd day,24 hours of the 5th day.The Na+ level of blood serum and the plasma osmotic pressure were recorded and calculated within 12 hours,24 hours of the 1st day,24 hours of the 2nd day,24 hours of the 3rd day,24 hours of the 5th day.The Glasgow coma scale( CCS) score was accounted within 24 hours of the 1 st day,24 hours of the 3rd day,24 hours of the 5th day.Results Compared with control group,the level of ICP in HS group decreased at every time point (P ＜ 0.05).The tendency of ICP in two groups was not significant on the 1st and 2rid day (P ＞ 0.05 ),but the level of ICP within 24 hours of the 3rd and 5th day obviously increased compared with those of the 1st and 2nd day (P＜0.05).The levels of MAP and CVP in HS group were significantly higher than those in control group within 6 hours,12 hours and 24 hours of the 1 st day and 24 hours of the 2nd day [ ( 87.98 ± 5.03 ),(88.56 ± 5.36),(87.04 ±6.90),(90.03 ±5.19) mm Hg (1 mm Hg =0.133 kPa) vs.(77.98 ±5.09),(79.98 ±6.09),(80.98 ± 5.27),(81.98 ± 4.32) mm Hg and (9.23 ± 1.24),(9.67 ± 1.35),( 10.21 ± 1.38 ),( 10.56 ± 1.96)mm Hg vs.(7.15 ± 2.01 ),(8.32 ± 1.53),(8.67 ± 1.89),(9.22 ± 2.03) mm Hg] (P ＜ 0.05),but the values within 24 hours of the 3rd and 5th day between two groups had no significant differences (P＞ 0.05 ).The Na+ level of blood serum and the plasma osmotic pressure in HS group at every time point was obviously higher than that in control group (P＜ 0.05).The GCS scores within 24 hours of the 1st,3rd and 5th day in HS group were (4.21 ± 2.31 ),(5.44 ± 2.46 ),(7.23 ± 1.64 ) scores,respectively,while the scores in control group were (4.14 ± 2.10),(5.15 ± 2.31 ),(7.31 ± 2.12) scores,respectively ;the score within 24 hours of the 5th day in two groups was obviously higher than that of the 1st day respectively (P＜ 0.05 ),but the scores between two groups had no statistical significance (P＞ 0.05 ).Conclusions Adding 3％ HS is more effective to decrease ICP,improve the brain perfusion and reduce the adverse reactions.3％ HS can be used as the first-line therapy for patients with severe craniocerebral injury after operation.

Objective To observe the effects of lung protective ventilation strategy (LPVS) on inflammatory mediators in bronchial alveolar lavage fluid (BALF) in pulmonary and extrapulmonary acute respiratory distress syndrome(ARDS).Methods All of 62 extrapulmonary ARDS(ARDSexp) cases and 60 pulmonary ARDS (ARDSp) cases were divided into observation group and control group by table of random digit.ARDSexp and ARDSp observation group were received LPVS treatment [tidal volume 6-8 ml/kg,positive end expiratory pressure (PEEP) 5-15 cm H2O (1 cm H2O =0.098 kPa)],and ARDSexp and ARDSp control group were received the routine ventilation strategy (tidal volume 10-12 ml/kg,PEEP 4-8 cm H2O).All groups were treated with the same conventional therapy of ARDS,same model and parameter of mechanical ventilation.The level of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α,interleukin (IL)-6,IL-8 in BALF were tested by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay on the 1st,4th,7th day in each group.The oxygenation index was tested at 8 o'clock each morning.Results There were 4 ARDSexp cases and 6 ARDSp cases who were expelled,because of death within 7 days.ARDSexp observation group was in 28 cases,ARDSexp control group was in 30 cases,ARDSp observation group was in 28 cases,ARDSp control group was in 26 cases.The oxygenation index had no significant difference between ARDSexp and ARDSp observation group and corresponding ARDSexp and ARDSp control group on the 1st and 2nd day (P ＞ 0.05).But the oxygenation index in ARDSexp and ARDSp observation group were significantly higher than that in ARDSexp and ARDSp control group from 3rd to 7th day (P ＜ 0.05).The oxygenation index in ARDSexp observation group was significantly higher than that in ARDSp observation group except 1st day (P ＜0.05).The oxygenation index in ARDSexp and ARDSp observation group were significantly better with the time passing (P ＜ 0.05).The BALF levels of TNF-α,IL-6 and IL-8 in ARDSexp and ARDSp observation group were significantly lower than those in corresponding ARDSexp and ARDSp control group on the 4th and 7th day (P＜ 0.05).The BALF levels of TNF-α,IL-6 and IL-8 in ARDSexp observation group and ARDSexp control group were significantly lower than those in corresponding ARDSp observation group and ARDSp control group (P＜ 0.05).The BALF levels of TNF-α,IL-6 and IL-8 in ARDSexp and ARDSp observation group were decreased significantly with the time passing (P ＜0.05).Conclusion It is more reasonable to decrease the BALF levels of inflammatory mediators,increase oxygenation index for ARDS patients to with LPVS treatment,then for ARDSexp patients obviously.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the mechanisms of the effects of Runing Recipe in anti-invasion and anti-recurrence of breast cancer by experimental research in vitro. METHODS: SD female rats were randomly divided into Runing Recipe-treated group and its decomposed formulas Kidney-Warming Recipe and Liver-Soothing Recipe-treated groups, tamoxifen (TAM) -treated group, cyclophosphamide (CTX) -treated group, and normal control group to make medicated serums. Methods of matrigel basement membrane and real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction were employed to investigate the gene expressions of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1) after MDA-MB-435 cells were treated with the medicated serums. RESULTS: The gene expression of VEGF was dropped in CTX-treated, TAM-treated and Liver-Smoothing Recipe-treated groups. The gene expression of TIMP-1 was up-regulated in CTX-treated, Runing Recipe-treated and Kidney-Warming Recipe-treated groups; while MMP-9 was down-regulated in these groups. CONCLUSION: The mechanisms of Runing Recipe in inhibiting the cancer cell invasion may be related to down-regulating the gene expressions of VEGF and MMP-9, and up-regulating the gene expression of TIMP-1.

Objective:To retrospectively analyze the classification of twin reversed arterial perfusion(TRAP) by prenatal ultrasound diagnosis, and to explore the clinical significance of this classification method.Methods:One hundred and fourteen TRAP cases were selected for prenatal ultrasound examination from January 2001 to January 2020 in Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Hubei Province, and were studied following the classification: hemiacardius(type Ⅰ), anceps trunk(type Ⅱ), acephalus trunk(type Ⅲ), acephalus acormus(type Ⅳ), acardius amorphous(type Ⅴ). Natural pregnancy outcomes were analyzed between group A(type Ⅰ, type Ⅱ, type Ⅲ) and group B(type Ⅳ, type Ⅴ).Results:Among 114 cases of TRAP, 27 cases (23.7%) were live birth, 33 cases (29.0%) were intrauterine death, 7 cases (6.1%) were perinatal death, 22 cases (19.3%) were induced labor complicated with heart failure, 4 cases (3.5%) were induced labor with malformation of pump twin, 21 cases (18.4%) were induced without heart failure of pump twim. Among 114 cases of TRAP, 20 cases (17.5%) were type Ⅰ, 27 cases (23.7%) were type Ⅱ, 48 cases (42.1%) were type Ⅲ, 8 cases (7.0%) were type Ⅳ and 11 cases (9.7%) were type Ⅴ. The prognosis of group B was better than group A during natural pregnancy ( P=0.007). Conclusions:Based on the diagnosis of prenatal ultrasound, the prognosis of type Ⅳ and type Ⅴ TRAP is better than that of type Ⅰ, type Ⅱ and type Ⅲ. The classification by prenatal ultrasound has positive significance for the clinical prognosis of pump twin.

Objective To investigate the relationship between the ultrasonography diagnosis in prenatal and the postnatal placental vascular casts of the twins reversed arterial perfusion(TRAP) sequence. Methods Six cases of TRAP sequence underwent the two-dimensional and color Doppler ultrasonography, and performed placental vascular casts after termination of pregnance. Results According to the anatomical features and ultrasonography, there were 3 cases of acardius acephalus( IV) ,2 cases of acardius anceps( II ) , and 1 case of acardius acormus( I ). In all 6 cases,there were arterio-arterial and veno-venous anastomoses at the level of the chorionic plate between the normal co-twin and the acardiac twin,these anastmosis vessels were superficial and large calibre, and the distances of the placental insertions of the umbilical cords were different,4 cases <0. 5 cm, 2 cases were 4-5 cm. In 4 cases, the vessels entered and went out of the acardiac twin were just one large umbilical artery and one large umbilical vein. In 2 cases, the umbilical artery and umbilical vein had many vascular branches in the placenta. Out of 6 cases of the pump twin, 4 cases died,and 2 cases survived. Conclusions Ultrasonography was consistent with the placental vascular casts,the contrast observing gives us new information for the further research of the special type of the vascular anastmosis and prognosis of the TRAP sequence.

Traditional research ideas of miRNA-target gene-biological function have ignored the contact between the target genes and signaling pathways involved , making the integrity and relevance of miRNA regulatory mechanisms not be fully elucidated .Integrated with systematic and relevant way of thinking , summarization and analysis for the luciferase reporter assay validated miR-205 target genes and their related signaling pathways will pave the way for new research area for miR-205 , and , it will be helpful for breaking through the status quo and exploring the novel research areas for miRNA .

ObjectiveTo explore the clinical value of three-dimensional (3D) skeletal ultrasound mode imaging, 3D helical computer tomography (3D-HCT) and MRI in diagnosing lower limb skeletal malformations of fetal sirenomelia.MethodsSeven fetuses were suspected of sirenomelia with routine prenatal ultrasonography examination. Three-dimensional skeletal ultrasound mode imaging and MRI were used to conifrm the diagnosis, and the results were compared to those of pathology, 3D spiral CT or X-ray after termination. Five of them underwent chromosome examination including chorionic villus or umbilical cord biopsy.ResultsSix fetuses were singletons and one fetus was a conjoined twin. Three fetuses were male, while four fetuses were female. All fetuses with sirenomelia showed varying degrees of skeletal abnormalities: 1 case of typeⅢ, 2 cases of typeⅣ, 3 cases of typeⅤ and 1 case of typeⅥ. No foot was detected in one case and only single foot was detected in other 6 cases. In 7 cases, 3D skeletal ultrasound mode imaging could demonstrate all the lower limb skeletal malformations, including abnormal femur and tibioifbula, single foot or no feet. Prenatal MRI could demonstrate abnormal femur in 4 cases, abnormal tibioifbula in 1case, and no foot malformation. The results of 3D spiral CT after termination were consistent with X-ray and pathological examination results.ConclusionsAs a new imaging technology for detecting fetal skeletal malformations, prenatal 3D skeletal ultrasound mode imaging and postnatal 3D spiral CT both can display fetal bone clearly. They both have important clinical value in diagnosing lower limb skeletal malformations.

Objective To observe the rate-adaptive response of dual sensor pacemakers integrated with activity sensor and minute ventilation sensor.Methods Fifty patients with chronotrepic incompetence were implanted with pacemakers of integrated sensor.The patients with pacemakers implanted were arranged to take upstairs test,downstairs test and tapping test under the monitor of integrated sensor,minute ventilation sensor and activity sensor respectirely.The rate-adaptive responses were tracked down every 15 seconds with remote heart rate monitor.The results were compared with the control group patients with normal sinal chronotropic function(n=15).Results In activity sensor group,pacing rates were significantly higher than the normal control group in downstairs test and tapping test.In minute ventilation sensor group,pacing rates increasement was significantly slower in the beginning of upstairs test.Pacing rates of integrated group were similar to the normal control group in upstairs and downstairs tests.Conclusion The rate-adaptive pacing response of dual sensor integrated with activity sensor and minute ventilation sensor,which is mostly close to the normal chronotropic response,better than that of single sensor.