Objective To analyze the epidemiologieal features and treatment of brain injury in Chinese Wenchuan earthquake so as to provide the experiences for improving treatment level. Methods A total of 685 patients with earthquake-induced brain injury in the City of Deyang were collected to ana-lyze age, injury type, injury localization and treatment characteristics. Results Of large number of earthquake victims, the number of the patients with brain injury ranked the second place, mainly minor and moderate brain injuries involving scalp laceration for the most and skull fracture and extradural hema-toma for the next. As for the age distribution of the patients, young and middie-aged patients accounted for the most, for they were at school or at work when the earthquake happened. Obvious position distribu-tion features were found in depressed fracture of skull and extredural hematoma but not in the scalp lacera-tion. Depressed fracture of skull occurred mostly at forehead and occiput while extradural hematoma could be most seen at froutotemple. Most brain injuries were combined with other injuries. Mainly extremity and pelvic fractures. Conclusions Self-protection sense and measures during earthquake are very important for decreasing incidence and severity of brain injuries. The management of rospimtory tract in prehospital care should be strengthened to avoid asphyxia and hence raise the success rate of treatment.

OBJECTIVE: To observe the variance of blood pressure (BP) after controlled hypotension in endoscopic sinus surgery with dexmedetomidine. METHOD: Sixty patients undergoing elective endoscopic sinus surgery were randomly assigned to receive dexmedetomidine (Group D) or physiological saline (Group S). For the two groups, after the same induction of anesthesia procedure, Group D were injected with dexmedetomidine with 0.8 microg/kg of priming dose in 10 min and 0.5 microg/(kg x h) of maintenance dose i. v. drip for 30 min. The Group S were injected with physiological saline in the dose the same as Group D. The measurement of the mean aortic pressure(MAP), heart rate (HR) and the colouration of the Nasal packing material and exudation were taken at the end of the surgery (T1), at the time of extubation (T2), 10 min after extubation (T3), 30 min after extubation (T4), 2 h after extubation (T5), and 4 h after extubation (T6). RESULT: The MAP and HR of Group S at the points T2-T6 were significantly higher compared with those at the point T1 (P < 0.05). The MAP and HR of Group D at each time point did not change significantly (P > 0.05). The MAP and HR of Group S at each time point were higher compared with Group D (P < 0.05). The number of cases with postoperative nasal exudate in Group S was significantly more than in Group D (27:18) (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION The perioperative dexmedetomidine medication can significantly reduce fluctuations in BP in endoscopic sinus surgery, so that to stable hemodynamics and reduce nasal bleeding.
Adult ; Blood Pressure ; drug effects ; Dexmedetomidine ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Endoscopy ; methods ; Female ; Humans ; Hypotension, Controlled ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nasal Surgical Procedures ; Paranasal Sinuses ; surgery ; Perioperative Period ; Young Adult