Objective To investigate correlation between vitamin D and glucose metabolism,lipid metabolism, insulin resistance,early secretory function of pancreatic islets in postmenopausal women with type 2 diabetes. Methods 115 postmenopausal women with type 2 diabetes were selected as observation group.115 postmenopausal women without type 2 diabetes were selected in hospital at same period as control group.All patients received detection of vitamin D,glucose metabolism,lipid metabolism,insulin resistance,early secretory function of pancreatic islets. Correlation between vitamin D and glucose metabolism,lipid metabolism,insulin resistance,early secretory function of pancreatic islets were analyzed.Results Fasting blood glucose,postprandial 2h blood glucose,glycosylated hemoglobin, body mass index,total cholesterol,triglyceride,low density lipoprotein cholesterol,insulin resistance index in the observation group were higher than the control group [(8.5 ±1.2)mmol/L vs (5.1 ±0.6)mmol/L,(13.4 ± 1.5)mmol/L vs (7.8 ±0.7)mmol/L,(8.7 ±1.1)% vs (5.6 ±0.5)%,(25.7 ±1.0)kg/m2 vs (22.3 ±0.4)kg/m2 , (5.6 ±0.7)mmol/L vs (4.5 ±0.4)mmol/L,(2.3 ±0.5)mmol/L vs (1.7 ±0.3)mmol/L,(3.5 ±0.6)mmol/L vs (2.2 ±0.4)mmol/L,(3.6 ±0.5)vs (2.5 ±0.4),t =9.667,10.179,8.535,4.524,5.443,6.529,8.909,7.406, all P <0.05].High density lipoprotein cholesterol,insulin first secretion phase peak factor,pancreatic islet βcell function index,fasting insulin,vitamin D in the observation group were lower than the control group [(1.0 ± 0.2)mmol/L vs (1.2 ±0.3)mmol/L,(5.2 ±1.3)vs (8.4 ±1.6),(135.8 ±11.7)vs (194.3 ±19.2),(4.1 ± 0.9)IU /mL vs (10.8 ±0.6)IU /mL,(10.8 ±2.1)ng/L vs (27.4 ±3.8)ng/L,t =5.087,9.153,7.370,10.414, 18.371,all P <0.05].Vitamin D was significantly negatively correlated with fasting blood glucose,postprandial 2h blood glucose,glycosylated hemoglobin,body mass index,total cholesterol,triglyceride,low density lipoprotein choles-terol,insulin resistance index(r =-0.537,-0.512,-0.469,-0.387,-0.325,-0.316,-0.372,-0.457,all P <0.05).Vitamin D were significantly positively correlated with high density lipoprotein cholesterol,insulin first secretion phase peak factor,pancreatic islet βcell function index,fasting insulin(r =0.351,0.418,0.674,0.316,all P <0.05).Conclusion Vitamin D deficiency in postmenopausal women with type 2 diabetes may be involved in glucose -lipid metabolism and insulin resistance,but also may be one of the reasons leading to decreasing of early secretory function of pancreatic βcells.

273 chinese have been studied with high voltage electrophoresis and immumofixation to survey the polymorphism of the third component of human complement in Shaanxi Provice Two C_3 phenotypes were found in this population, they are C_3SS and C_3FS The frequencies of C_3SS and C_3FS are 98.53% and 1.47% respectively. The frequency of C_3S gene is 0.9926 and C_3F gene 0.0073. These results are similar to other studies in China and this group was in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. Compared with Negro and Caucasian, the chinese population in Shaanxi Province has a significant difference in C_3 polymorphism.

Objective To explore the change and its clinical significance of neuron-specific enolase (NSE) and S-100? in serum and hippocampus tissue in rats with epilepsy induced by Kainic acid (KA).Methods 180 Wistar rats were randomly classified into control, KA and carbamazepine (CBZ) group, and the later two groups were further divided into 6 sub-groups (1 h, 4 h, 12 h, 24 h, 48 h and 72 h ) according to epileptic attack at different time point. The NSE and S-100? concentrations in serum and homogenate of hippocampus were determined by radioimmunity assay (RIA) and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), respectively.Results The concentrations of NSE and S-100? were dynamic change during 72 h after epileptic attack in serum and hippocampus homogenate, and the changes were synchronous. The concentrations reached peak at 12 h. Both NSE and S-100? concentrations in KA and CBZ group were obviously higher than those in control group ( P

Objective To evaluate the clinical efficacy and effect of benazepril treat with diabetic nephropathy on Plasma NO and ET-1. Methods 100 cases of DN patients were divided into two groups by random number table (50cases), group A with basic treatment, group B increased benazepril. Selected another 50 cases of simple diabetic patients as control group, observed the plasma NO (nitric oxide) and ET-1 (ET-1) levels changes of three groups,and compared the clinical efficacy. Results The levels of NO, ET-1 and Ang II in A group and B group were significantly lower than those in control group (P<0.05); the level of NO in B group was higher than that in group A, and the level of ET-1 and Ang II was lower than that of group A(P<0.05). The total effective rate of B group was 86.00％, which was significantly higher than that of control group 58.00％(P<0.05). Conclusion The clinical application benazepril treat with DN can effectively regulated plasma NO and ET-1 levels, protect the kidneys, and improve the therapeutic effect.

In recent years, with the development of neuroimaging and the advancement in related studies, people have had a deeper understanding of perimesencephalic nonaneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. This article reviews the progress in research on the etiology, onset characteristics, imaging features, diagnosis and prognosis of perimesencephalic nonaneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage.

Objective To explor the value of Tei index for evaluation the cardiac function of patients with chronic heart failure(CHF).Methods Tei index in 60 patients with CHF(CHF group) and 30 normal controls(control group) were evaluated and compared with the levels of NT-ProBNP and the NYHA class,and the sensitivity and specificity of Tei index for CHF diagnosis were appraised.Results (1) Tei index in CHF group was significantly higher than that in control group.When Tei index was more than and equal to 0.45,the sensitivity,specificity,positive predictive value,and negative predictive value of Tei index for diagnosing CHF were 85.6％,90.4％,89.8％ and 78.0％.(2)There was a remarkable positive correlation between Tei and Log NT-ProBNP(r =0.84,P ＜ 0.01).(3)There were significant differences in Tei index among NYHA Ⅱ,Ⅲ,Ⅳ class [(0.47 ± 0.06),(0.56 ± 0.08),(0.64 ±0.13)].Conclusion Tei index can be used to diagnose CHF and evaluate the degree of it.

Objective To investigate the effects of pioglitazone on osteoblast proliferation and apoptosis.Methods MC3T3-E1 mouse osteoblastic cells were treated with 0, 5, 10, 20, 30, and 40 μmol/L pioglitazone for 24 h. Cell viability was measured by MTT, cell cycle and apoptosis were inspected with flow cytometry, the expressions of Bcl-2 and Bax proteins were examined via immuno-chemical staining. Results Survival of osteoblasts decreased in a dose-dependent manner. Compared with the control group, the cells in the G0/G1 and G2/M stages increased, while the cells in S stage decreased significantly. The percentage of apoptosis at 5 and 10 μmol/L were lower than that of the control group(P ＜ 0.05), While it was increased significantly at 30 and 40 μmol/L(P ＜0.01). Bax expression was attenuated at 10 μmol/L(P＜0. 01), returned to normal by 20 μmol/L, and was increased by 30 and 40 μmol/L(P ＜ 0. 01). Bcl-2 expression was enhanced at the dose ≤ 20 μmol/L(P ＜0.01). Positive correlation was found between the death rate and the expression intensity of Bax/Bcl-2(n = 15, r=0.796, P＜0.01). Conclusions Pioglitazone inhibits apoptosis of osteoblasts at low concentrations and protects the cells, but promotes their apoptosis at higher concentration, Bax/Bcl-2 may play an important role in mediating the piglitazone-induced apoptosis of osteoblasts. It inhibits DNA synthesis and cell proliferation.

OBJECTIVE: To measure the upper airway of obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome by speed CT. We can predict the airway obstruction plane with the airway plane data and compliance in OSAHS patients. Through this measurement, we can provide assistance for clinical diagnosis and treatment. METHOD: This study randomly selected 82 patients diagnosed with OSAHS and 45 cases non-snoring healthy people as control group by the PHILIPS 256-slice CT. The zone volume, sagittal diameter, coronary diameter and cross-sectional area of the narrowest plane in nasopharyngeal area, velopharyngeal area, glossopharyngeal area, hypopharynx area in two groups of quiet respiration and Müller's status were measured. RESULT: In the OSAHS group underwent quiet breathing and Müller movement during CT scanning, the two states about nasopharyngeal coronary diameter, the hypopharynx sagittal diameter and cross-sectional area showed no significant difference, while other groups showed differences between the parameters (P<0.05). There was significant difference (P<0.01) in the velopharyngeal volume, tongue sagittal diameter and volume. Under Müller movement in the OSAHS group and the control group, the hypopharynx volume showed no significant difference. The nasopharyngeal coronary diameter and volume, velopharyngeal cross-sectional area and tongue sagittal diameter were different (P<0.05). The remaining set of parameters showed significant differences (P<0.01). Compared the airway compliance (Müller phase) of the OSAHS group and the control group,the parameters of each group were different (P<0.05), of which the nasopharyngeal sagittal diameter, velopharyngeal volume showed significant difference (P<0.01). Meanwhile, in the same plane, coronary diameter was greater than sagittal diameter (P<0.05) in both the OSAHS group and the control group. The pharyngeal volume measurement was basically consistent to the fiber endoscopy. CONCLUSION The obstruction plate of OSAHS patients is mostly in the velopharyngeal area and glossopharyngeal area measured with a high speed CT. The volume measurement of upper airway with speed CT can predict airway obstruction plate in patients with OSAHS.
Case-Control Studies ; Humans ; Hypopharynx ; Nasopharynx ; diagnostic imaging ; Pharynx ; diagnostic imaging ; Sleep Apnea, Obstructive ; diagnostic imaging ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Tongue ; diagnostic imaging

OBJECTIVE:To study the effects of atropine on cardiac autonomic nervous system.METHODS:Using the computerized analysis system developed by our laboratory,the characteristic parameters of heart period signal(HPS)in volunteers were examined before and 1 hour after administrating atropine(0.04mg iv).RESULTS:Atropine could decrease the mean heart period,standard deviation of heart period,high frequency components and total power of HPS spectra,and increase heart rate,relative power of ultra-low frequency components significantly.CONCLUSION:(1)Atropine can decrease standard deviation of heart period or heart rate,which means decreasing irregularity of heart rate.It is the basic reasons why high frequency components of HPS spectra increases,and parasympathetic nervous activity decreases,(2)Atropine can decrease the tonus of parasympathetic nerves,increase the tonus of sympathetic nerves relatively,and decrease the tonus of autonomic nervous system that reveals the decrease of the total power of HPS significantly.

OBJECTIVE:To study the effects of Betoloc(metoprolol)on autonomic nervous system in the heart METHODS:Using the computerized analysis system developed by our laboratory,the characteristic parameters of heart period signal(HPS)from volunteers were examined before and 3 hours after administrating Betoloc(50mg,po ) RESULTS:Betoloc could increase the mean heart period,standard deviation of heart period,high frequency components and total power of HPS'spectra,and decrease heart rate,low frequency components significantly CONCLUSION:(1)Betoloc can increase standard deviation of heart period or heart rate,which means increasing irregularity of heart rate It is the basic reason of increasing high frequency components of HPS'spectra and is also the basic reason of increasing cholinergic nervous activity;(2)Betoloc can decrease tension of sympathetic nerves,increase tension of parasympathetic nerves,and increase tension of autonomic nervous system in the heart